5,831 research outputs found
Quantum sensing
"Quantum sensing" describes the use of a quantum system, quantum properties
or quantum phenomena to perform a measurement of a physical quantity.
Historical examples of quantum sensors include magnetometers based on
superconducting quantum interference devices and atomic vapors, or atomic
clocks. More recently, quantum sensing has become a distinct and rapidly
growing branch of research within the area of quantum science and technology,
with the most common platforms being spin qubits, trapped ions and flux qubits.
The field is expected to provide new opportunities - especially with regard to
high sensitivity and precision - in applied physics and other areas of science.
In this review, we provide an introduction to the basic principles, methods and
concepts of quantum sensing from the viewpoint of the interested
experimentalist.Comment: 45 pages, 13 figures. Submitted to Rev. Mod. Phy
Shape fluctuations and elastic properties of two-component bilayer membranes
The elastic properties of two-component bilayer membranes are studied using a
coarse grain model for amphiphilic molecules. The two species of amphiphiles
considered here differ only in their length. Molecular Dynamics simulations are
performed in order to analyze the shape fluctuations of the two-component
bilayer membranes and to determine their bending rigidity. Both the bending
rigidity and its inverse are found to be nonmonotonic functions of the mole
fraction of the shorter B-amphiphiles and, thus, do not satisfy a
simple lever rule. The intrinsic area of the bilayer also exhibits a
nonmonotonic dependence on and a maximum close to .Comment: To appear on Europhysics Letter
Forward-backward asymmetry of photoemission in C excited by few-cycle laser pulses
We theoretically analyze angle-resolved photo-electron spectra (ARPES)
generated by the interaction of C with intense, short laser pulses. In
particular, we focus on the impact of the carrier-envelope phase (CEP) onto the
angular distribution. The electronic dynamics is described by time-dependent
density functional theory, and the ionic background of \csixty is
approximated by a particularly designed jellium model. Our results show a clear
dependence of the angular distributions onto the CEP for very short pulses
covering only very few laser cycles, which disappears for longer pulses. For
the specific laser parameters used in a recent experiments, a very good
agreement is obtained. Furthermore, the asymmetry is found to depend on the
energy of the emitted photoelectrons. The strong influence of the angular
asymmetry of electron emission onto the CEP and pulse duration suggests to use
this sensitivity as a means to analyze the structure of few-cycle laser pulses.Comment: 8 pages, 6 figure
A New Parameter Set for the Relativistic Mean Field Theory
Subtracting the Strutinsky shell corrections from the selfconsistent energies
obtained within the Relativistic Mean Field Theory (RMFT) we have got estimates
for the macroscopic part of the binding energies of 142 spherical even-even
nuclei. By minimizing their root mean square deviations from the values
obtained with the Lublin-Srasbourg Drop (LSD) model with respect to the nine
RMFT parameters we have found the optimal set (NL4). The new parameters
reproduce also the radii of these nuclei with an accuracy comparable with that
obtained with the NL1 and NL3 sets.Comment: Semiar given at the 10th Nuclear Physics Workshop in Kazimierz,
Poland, Sep. 24-28, 200
Generalized Mayer-Vietoris sequences in algebraic K-theory
AbstractLong exact sequences of algebraic K-groups for certain kinds of multiple pullback rings are constructed, with special emphasis on Dedekind-like rings. In the case where excision holds they reduce to the usual Mayer-Vietoris sequences. These sequences are then used to obtain information about the K-groups of integral group rings of abelian groups of square-free order; about certain rings of integers in number fields; and about the coordinate ring of n lines in the plane
Study of the stability of the S-IC open-loop propellant-hydraulic system Final report, Jul. 26, 1964 - Jul. 26, 1966
Saturn S-IC open-loop propellant-hydraulic system stud
Next-to-Leading Order Corrections to Single Top Quark Production and Decay at the Tevatron: 2. -channel Process
We present a study of the -channel mode of single top quark production at
the upgraded Tevatron collider, including the next-to-leading order
(NLO) QCD corrections to the production and the decay of a single top quark.
The narrow width approximation was adopted in order to preserve the spin of the
top quark in its production and decay. We discuss the effects of different
contributions on the inclusive cross section as well as various
kinematic distributions after imposing the relevant cuts to select -channel
single top signal events.Comment: 46 pages, 47 figures. One typo in LaTeX source file is correcte
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