50 research outputs found
Industrial survey for associated species: Results of a pilot-year
To increase scientific knowledge and stimulate discussion on management of data-limited species, Ekofish Group B.V., the North Sea Foundation (NSF) and IMARES started a research project. This project consisted of two phases. In the first phase, IMARES and NSF performed a literature study on the constrains in management and biological knowledge for species selected by Ekofish. After phase one, Ekofish Group B.V. requested IMARES to set up an industrial survey to gather more information on turbot, brill and lemon sole. A pilot-survey was designed and performed for these species to test whether an industrial survey is feasible and valuable for biological knowledge and if so, how this survey should be designed. To test the design of the survey, research will be done on the haul duration and mesh size. To examine the added value of the pilot survey, results are compared with the BTS. In this report, the results of this pilot survey are presented and answer will be given to the following research question: “Is an industrial survey for turbot, bill and lemon sole feasible and does it increase knowledge with respect to scientific surveys?
Absence of serological rheumatoid arthritis biomarkers in inflammatory bowel disease patients with arthropathies
Transplantation and autoimmunit
Copeptin as an Indicator of Hemodynamic Derangement and Prognosis in Liver Cirrhosis
Cellular mechanisms in basic and clinical gastroenterology and hepatolog
Hepcidin and iron status in patients with inflammatory bowel disease undergoing induction therapy with vedolizumab or infliximab
Lay Summary: Absolute iron deficiency is the primary determinant of hepcidin levels, even in an inflammatory state. Induction therapy can decrease hepcidin levels, which might improve iron bioavailability. Hence, hepcidin is a potential diagnostic iron deficiency biomarker that could assist therapeutic decision making. Background: Hepcidin, the systemic iron regulator, could be critical in differentiating iron deficiency (ID) from functional iron restriction in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We assessed hepcidin as a diagnostic ID marker and explored the relationship between hepcidin and its regulators in patients with IBD undergoing induction therapy with infliximab (IFX) or vedolizumab (VEDO). Methods: Patients with active IBD receiving induction therapy with IFX or VEDO were included. Serum samples at baseline and after 6 weeks of induction therapy were analyzed for hepcidin, inflammation- and hypoxia-associated cytokines, and oxidative stress. Data were analyzed by stratifying based on the response at week 14. Results were compared with samples from age- and sex-matched healthy control subjects. Results: Patients receiving induction therapy with IFX (n = 71) or VEDO (n = 51) and healthy control subjects (n = 50) were included. At baseline, hepcidin correlated positively with ferritin and negatively with soluble transferrin receptor/log ferritin index (P Cellular mechanisms in basic and clinical gastroenterology and hepatolog
Cancer-associated fibroblasts are key determinants of cancer cell Invasion in the earliest stage of colorectal cancer
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Improving clinical management of early stage colorectal cancers (T1CRCs) requires a better understanding of their underlying biology. Accumulating evidence shows that cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are important determinants of tumor progression in advanced colorectal cancer (CRC), but their role in the initial stages of CRC tumorigenesis is unknown. Therefore, we investigated the contribution of T1CAFs to early CRC progression. METHODS: Primary T1CAFs and patient-matched normal fibroblasts (NFs) were isolated from endoscopic biopsy specimens of histologically confirmed T1CRCs and normal mucosa, respectively. The impact of T1CAFs and NFs on tumor behavior was studied using 3-dimensional co-culture systems with primary T1CRC organoids and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling assays. Whole-transcriptome sequencing and gene silencing were used to pinpoint mediators of T1CAF functions. RESULTS: In 3-dimensional multicellular cultures, matrix invasion of T1CRC organoids was induced by T1CAFs, but not by matched NFs. Enhanced T1CRC invasion was accompanied by T1CAF-induced ECM remodeling and up-regulation of CD44 in epithelial cells. RNA sequencing of 10 NF-T1CAF pairs revealed 404 differentially expressed genes, with significant enrichment for ECM-related pathways in T1CAFs. Cathepsin H, a cysteine-type protease that was specifically up-regulated in T1CAFs but not in fibroblasts from premalignant lesions or advanced CRCs, was identified as a key factor driving matrix remodeling by T1CAFs. Finally, we showed high abundance of cathepsin H-expressing T1CAFs at the invasive front of primary T1CRC sections. CONCLUSIONS: Already in the earliest stage of CRC, cancer cell invasion is promoted by CAFs via direct interactions with epithelial cancer cells and stage-specific, cathepsin H-dependent ECM remodeling. RNA sequencing data of the 10 NF-T1CAF pairs can be found under GEO accession number GSE200660.Cellular mechanisms in basic and clinical gastroenterology and hepatolog
Plasma copeptin as biomarker of disease progression and prognosis in cirrhosis
Lay summary: Copeptin is a fragment of the vasopressin precursor, a hormone that is known to be increased in patients with cirrhosis and that plays a role in the development of complications of the disease. Vasopressin is difficult to measure, but copeptin is a more stable molecule and is easier to measure in blood. Sola and Kerbert and colleagues have shown in a series of 361 patients that copeptin is markedly increased in patients with cirrhosis who develop complications during the following 3 months, compared to those patients who do not develop complications. Moreover, copeptin correlates with prognosis. (C) 2016 European Association for the Study of the Liver. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Cellular mechanisms in basic and clinical gastroenterology and hepatolog
5 years of Industry survey: Does the industry survey improve current stock assessments for plaice and sole?
This report describes the results of the industry survey; an annual survey targeting sole and plaice on-board of the commercial fishing vessels UK45 and OD1. The survey was set up following the wish of the fishing industry to deliver data for stock assessments themselves, which are collected using commercially representative fishing gears. This survey was expected to make stock assessment results more accurate and to increase trust of the fisheries industry in stock assessments
The E3 ligase HOIP specifies linear ubiquitin chain assembly through its RING-IBR-RING domain and the unique LDD extension
Item does not contain fulltextActivation of the NF-kappaB pathway requires the formation of Met1-linked 'linear' ubiquitin chains on NEMO, which is catalysed by the Linear Ubiquitin Chain Assembly Complex (LUBAC) E3 consisting of HOIP, HOIL-1L and Sharpin. Here, we show that both LUBAC catalytic activity and LUBAC specificity for linear ubiquitin chain formation are embedded within the RING-IBR-RING (RBR) ubiquitin ligase subunit HOIP. Linear ubiquitin chain formation by HOIP proceeds via a two-step mechanism involving both RING and HECT E3-type activities. RING1-IBR catalyses the transfer of ubiquitin from the E2 onto RING2, to transiently form a HECT-like covalent thioester intermediate. Next, the ubiquitin is transferred from HOIP onto the N-terminus of a target ubiquitin. This transfer is facilitated by a unique region in the C-terminus of HOIP that we termed 'Linear ubiquitin chain Determining Domain' (LDD), which may coordinate the acceptor ubiquitin. Consistent with this mechanism, the RING2-LDD region was found to be important for NF-kappaB activation in cellular assays. These data show how HOIP combines a general RBR ubiquitin ligase mechanism with unique, LDD-dependent specificity for producing linear ubiquitin chains