Novel molecular mechanisms involved in hormonal regulation of lactate production in Sertoli cells

The aim of the study was to analyze molecular mechanisms involved in follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and basic Fibroblast Growth Factor (bFGF) regulation of lactate production in rat Sertoli cells. The regulation of pyruvate availability, which is converted to lactate, could be a mechanism utilized by hormones to ensure lactate supply to germ cells. On one hand, the regulation of 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase (PFKFB) expression could result in increased glycolysis, while an increase in pyruvate availability may also result from a lower conversion to acetyl-CoA by negative regulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) activity by phosphorylation. Sertoli cells cultures obtained from 20-day-old rats were used. Stimulation of the cultures with FSH or bFGF showed that FSH increases Pfkfb1 and Pfkfb3 expression while bFGF increases Pfkfb1 mRNA levels. Additionally, we observed that FSH-stimulated lactate production was inhibited in the presence of a PFKFB3 inhibitor, revealing the physiological relevance of this mechanism. As for the regulation of PDC, analysis of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (Pdk) expression showed that FSH increases Pdk3 and decreases Pdk4 mRNA levels while bFGF increases the expression of all Pdks. In addition, we showed that bFGF increases phosphorylated PDC levels and that bFGF stimulated lactate production is partially inhibited in the presence of a PDK inhibitor. Altogether, these results add new information regarding novel molecular mechanisms involved in hormonal regulation of lactate production in Sertoli cells. Considering that lactate is essential for the production of energy in spermatocytes and spermatids, these mechanisms might be relevant in maintaining spermatogenesis and male fertility.Fil: Regueira, Mariana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas; ArgentinaFil: Artagaveytia, Silvana Lucía. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas; ArgentinaFil: Galardo, Maria Noel Lujan. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas; ArgentinaFil: Pellizzari, Eliana Herminia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas; ArgentinaFil: Cigorraga, Selva Beatriz. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas; ArgentinaFil: Meroni, Silvina Beatriz. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas; ArgentinaFil: Riera, Maria Fernanda. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas; Argentin

Aesculus hippocastanum L. seed extract shows virucidal and antiviral activities against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and reduces lung inflammation in vivo

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of lower respiratory tract disease and bronchiolitis in children worldwide. No vaccine or specific, effective treatment is currently available. β-escin is one of the main bioactive constituents of Aesculus hippocastanum L. (Hippocastanaceae) seed extract (AH), and both β-escin and AH have demonstrated a beneficial role in clinical therapy because of their anti-edematous, anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects. Besides, we have reported that β-escin and AH show virucidal, antiviral and immunomodulatory activities against the enveloped viruses HSV-1, VSV and Dengue virus in vitro. In this study, we demonstrate that β-escin and AH have virucidal and antiviral activities against RSV, as well as NF-κB, AP-1 and cytokine modulating activities in RSV infected epithelial and macrophage cell lines in vitro. Besides, in a murine model of pulmonary RSV infection, AH treatment improves the course of acute disease, evidenced by decreased weight loss, reduced RSV lung titers, and attenuated airway inflammation. In contrast, even though β-escin showed, similarly to AH, antiviral and immunomodulatory properties in vitro, it neither reduces viral titers nor attenuates lung injury in vivo. Thus, our data demonstrate that AH restrains RSV disease through antiviral and immunomodulatory effect.Fil: Salinas, Franco Maximiliano. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; ArgentinaFil: Vázquez, Luciana. Dirección Nacional de Instituto de Investigación. Administración Nacional de Laboratorio e Instituto de Salud "Dr. C. G. Malbrán"; ArgentinaFil: Gentilini, Maria Virginia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Medicina Traslacional, Trasplante y Bioingeniería. Fundación Favaloro. Instituto de Medicina Traslacional, Trasplante y Bioingeniería; ArgentinaFil: O´Donohoe, Ailin. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental. Laboratorio de Histología Animal; ArgentinaFil: Regueira, Eleonora. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental. Laboratorio de Histología Animal; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Nabaes Jodar, Mercedes Soledad. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital General de Niños "Ricardo Gutiérrez"; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Viegas, Mariana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital General de Niños "Ricardo Gutiérrez"; ArgentinaFil: Michelini, Flavia Mariana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; ArgentinaFil: Hermida, Gladys Noemí. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental. Laboratorio de Histología Animal; ArgentinaFil: Alche, Laura Edith. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; ArgentinaFil: Bueno, Carlos Alberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentin

FORMAÇÃO CONTINUADA DE PROFESSORES DE CIÊNCIAS NATURAIS E EXATAS: UMA EXPERIÊNCIA PAUTADA NA PRÁTICA REFLEXIVA

A extensão é um mecanismo acadêmico que, articulado à pesquisa e aoensino, se constitui como espaço de intercâmbio entre instituição e sociedade,sociedade e instituição de forma a estabelecer a relação dialética teoria-prática.Nesse sentido, além de compartilhar o conhecimento acadêmico com a comunidadeexterna, as atividades de extensão, através de um diálogo contínuo eprogressivo, buscam ações que promovam o desenvolvimento local e regional ea melhoria da qualidade de vida dos cidadãos, bem como, incentivam a reflexãosobre a prática que acontece nas instituições formais de ensino.Visando contribuir com esse processo, o IF Catarinense – Rio do Sul, atravésdo grupo de pesquisa em Educação e Ciências (CNPq), tem ofertado curso deextensão para professores, tanto em formação como em exercício na educaçãobásica. Em 2012, foi ministrado curso de formação continuada a professores darede pública estadual com carga horária de 160 horas

Molecular mechanisms involved in the regulation of fatty acid oxidation in Sertoli cells

La célula de Sertoli (CS), componente somático del tubo seminífero, provee el soporte estructural y nutricional para el desarrollo de las células germinales. La CS metaboliza glucosa a lactato, principal sustrato energético para las células germinales, por lo que se ha postulado que utiliza ácidos grasos (AG) como fuente energética propia. Los factores de transcripción de la familia de los PPARs son receptores activados por ligando que participan en la regulación del metabolismo de AG en diversos tejidos. El objetivo general del presente trabajo de tesis fue estudiar los mecanismos moleculares que intervienen en la regulación del metabolismo energético en el túbulo seminífero. Para ello se utilizó como modelo experimental el cultivo de CS de rata de 20 días de edad. Se observó que la activación farmacológica de PPAR α y PPAR β/δ produce un aumento en la oxidación de AG y en la expresión de genes vinculados con su transporte y metabolismo (FAT/CD36, CPT1, LCAD y MCAD). Además, se observó que sólo la activación de PPAR β/δ regula de manera simultánea la oxidación de AG y la producción de lactato. Asimismo, se evaluaron posibles mecanismos fisiológicos que podrían conducir a la activación de los PPARs en el túbulo seminífero. Se observó que las células germinales apoptóticas (CGA) y el ácido palmítico, AG que podría provenir de la hidrólisis de las gotas de lípidos –generadas por la fagocitosis de CGA– o del exterior de la célula, regulan la expresión de genes vinculados con el transporte y metabolismo de AG y por otra parte, que en dicha regulación participa la activación del PPAR β/δ. Por último, se evaluó la posible regulación hormonal de la oxidación de AG en CS y la participación del PPAR β/δ en dicha regulación. Se demostró que existe una modulación diferencial del metabolismo de AG por FSH y bFGF en CS. Se observó que FSH –hormona anabólica de la CS– disminuye la oxidación de AG y aumenta la expresión génica sin participación de PPAR β/δ, mientras que bFGF regula positivamente el catabolismo de AG y la producción de lactato de manera PPAR β/δ dependiente. En su conjunto, estos resultados revelan la existencia de una compleja regulación de los mecanismos moleculares que participan en la oxidación de ácidos grasos y la producción de lactato en CS que refleja el ajuste fino del metabolismo energético en el túbulo seminífero necesario para una adecuada espermatogénesis.The purpose of this study was to evaluate the molecular mechanisms involved in the regulation of the energetic metabolism in the seminiferous tubule. To achieve this purpose Sertoli cell (SC) cultures obtained from 20-day-old rats were used. We observed that the pharmacological activation of PPAR α and PPAR β/δ increases fatty acid (FA) oxidation and the expression of genes involved in FA transport and metabolism. However, only activation of PPAR β/δ increases SC lactate production as a result of an increase in pyruvate availability. Next, we evaluated possible physiological mechanisms implicated in PPARs activation in the seminiferous tubule. SC were cocultured with apoptotic germ cells or treated with palmitic acid. We observed that both treatments increase the expression of genes that are involved in FA transport and metabolism with the participation of PPAR β/δ activation. Finally, we evaluated the possible hormonal regulation of FA metabolism in SC. We observed that FSH –the SC trophic hormone– decreases FA oxidation and increases gene expression and lactate production in a PPAR β/δ independent manner. On the other hand, we observed that bFGF –a growth factor secreted by germ cells– increases FA oxidation, CPT1 expression and lactate production in a PPAR β/δ dependent manner. Altogether, these results suggest that in SC a fine-tuning of FA metabolism and lactate production occurs in order to ensure the energetic requirements of SC and germ cells simultaneously.Fil:Regueira, Mariana. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina

Lactate regulates rat male germ cell function through reactive oxygen species.

Besides giving structural support, Sertoli cells regulate the fate of germ cells by supplying a variety of factors. These factors include hormones, several pro- and anti-apoptotic agents and also energetic substrates. Lactate is one of the compounds produced by Sertoli cells, which is utilized as an energetic substrate by germ cells, particularly spermatocytes and spermatids. Beyond its function as an energy source, some studies have proposed a role of lactate in the regulation of gene expression not strictly related to the energetic state of the cells. The general hypothesis that motivated this investigation was that lactate affects male germ cell function, far beyond its well-known role as energetic substrate. To evaluate this hypothesis we investigated: 1) if lactate was able to regulate germ cell gene expression and if reactive oxygen species (ROS) participated in this regulation, 2) if different signal transduction pathways were modified by the production of ROS in response to lactate and 3) possible mechanisms that may be involved in lactate stimulation of ROS production. In order to achieve these goals, cultures of germ cells obtained from male 30-day old rats were exposed to 10 or 20 mM lactate. Increases in lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) C and monocarboxylate transporter (MCT)2 expression, in Akt and p38-MAPK phosphorylation levels and in ROS production were observed. These effects were impaired in the presence of a ROS scavenger. Lactate stimulated ROS production was also inhibited by a LDH inhibitor or a NAD(P)H oxidase (NOX) inhibitor. NOX4 expression was identified in male germ cells. The results obtained herein are consistent with a scenario where lactate, taken up by germ cells, becomes oxidized to pyruvate with the resultant increase in NADH, which is a substrate for NOX4. ROS, products of NOX4 activity, may act as second messengers regulating signal transduction pathways and gene expression

Time-course recovery of estrogen-responsive genes of a cichlid fish exposed to waterborne octylphenol

The aim of this study was to describe the time-course of estrogen-induced gene expression, corresponding plasma protein detection and histological alterations after cessation of octylphenol (OP) exposure of Cichlasoma dimerus, to test differential responses of biomarkers suitable for environmental monitoring. Male fish were exposed to a nominal concentration of 150μg/L OP for 28 days, and later transferred to OP-free water aquaria for 1, 3, 7, 14, 21 or 28 days. Blood and mucus samples were obtained in order to analyze vitellogenin (VTG) and zona pellucida (ZP) proteins by Western blot; liver samples were used for gene expression and to assess tissue damage and further recovery of all the analyzed endpoints. Partial sequences of C. dimerus VTG and Na +/K +-ATPase were obtained. Comparison with VTGs of several teleosts supports that the partial sequence obtained for C. dimerus belongs to VTGAb type. ZP and VTG expression was highly up-regulated by OP. Immunoreactive (ir-) bands of 62, 52 and 50kDa for ZP and 140, 103, 75 and 64kDa for VTG, were detected after 28 days of OP exposure in plasma and mucus samples. After transfer of treated fish to clean water, ZP ir-bands in plasma disappeared rapidly (day 3), while VTG ir-bands decreased gradually; no ir-bands were detected on day 28 of recovery. Similarly, ZPB transcripts abruptly returned to background levels (day 3), earlier than for ZPC (day 7) or VTG (day 14). Liver from OP treated fish showed tissue disarrangement, eccentric and euchromatic hepatocytes nuclei and intense perinuclear basophilia. After the recovery period, these changes were still evident though less pronounced, accounting for irreversibility of tissue damage or the requirement for a longer period of depuration. The present results confirm that for biochemical and molecular biomarkers, such as induction of female proteins in male fish exposed to OP, complete recovery is achieved after adequate time of depuration (28 days). Male ZPB expression reflects a recent exposure to estrogenic contaminants, while VTG may reveal past exposures. The combination of biomarkers with different temporal responses such as C. dimerus ZP and VTG provides a more comprehensive interpretation of pollution status.Fil: Genovese, Griselda. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental; Argentina. Mount Desert Island Biological Laboratory; Estados Unidos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Regueira, Mariana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Piazza, Yanina Grisel. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Towle, David Walter. Mount Desert Island Biological Laboratory; Estados UnidosFil: Maggese, Maria Cristina Irene. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Lo Nostro, Fabiana Laura. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental; Argentin

Signal transduction pathways in FSH regulation of rat sertoli cell proliferation

The final number of Sertoli cells reached during the proliferative periods determines sperm production capacity in adulthood. It is well known that FSH is the major Sertoli cell mitogen; however, little is known about the signal transduction pathways that regulate the proliferation of Sertoli cells. The hypothesis of this investigation was that FSH regulates proliferation through a PI3K/Akt/mTORC1 pathway, and additionally, AMPK-dependent mechanisms counteract FSH proliferative effects. The present study was performed in 8-day-old rat Sertoli cell cultures. The results presented herein show that FSH, in addition to increasing p-Akt, p-mTOR, and p-p70S6K levels, increases p-PRAS40 levels, probably contributing to improving mTORC1 signaling. Furthermore, the decrease in FSH-stimulated p-Akt, p-mTOR, p-p70S6K, and p-PRAS40 levels in the presence of wortmannin emphasizes the participation of PI3K in FSH signaling. Additionally, the inhibition of FSH-stimulated Sertoli cell proliferation by the effect of wortmannin and rapamycin point to the relevance of the PI3K/Akt/mTORC1 signaling pathway in the mitotic activity of FSH. On the other hand, by activating AMPK, several interesting observations were made. Activation of AMPK produced an increase in Raptor phosphorylation, a decrease in p70S6K phosphorylation, and a decrease in FSH-stimulated Sertoli cell proliferation. The decrease in FSH-stimulated cell proliferation was accompanied by an increased expression of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CDKIs) p19INK4d, p21Cip1, and p27Kip1. In summary, it is concluded that FSH regulates Sertoli cell proliferation with the participation of a PI3K/Akt/mTORC1 pathway and that AMPK activation may be involved in the detention of proliferation by, at least in part, a decrease in mTORC1 signaling and an increase in CDKI expression.Fil: Riera, Maria Fernanda. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergada". Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergada". Fundación de Endocrinología Infantil. Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergada"; ArgentinaFil: Regueira, Mariana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergada". Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergada". Fundación de Endocrinología Infantil. Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergada"; ArgentinaFil: Galardo, Maria Noel Lujan. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergada". Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergada". Fundación de Endocrinología Infantil. Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergada"; ArgentinaFil: Pellizzari, Eliana Herminia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergada". Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergada". Fundación de Endocrinología Infantil. Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergada"; ArgentinaFil: Meroni, Silvina Beatriz. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergada". Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergada". Fundación de Endocrinología Infantil. Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergada"; ArgentinaFil: Cigorraga, Selva Beatriz. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergada". Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergada". Fundación de Endocrinología Infantil. Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergada"; Argentin

Different signal transduction pathways elicited by basic fibroblast growth factor and interleukin 1β regulate CREB phosphorylation in Sertoli cells

Background and aim: Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and interleukin 1β (IL1β) belong to the set of intratesticular regulators that provide for the fine-tuning of processes implicated in the maintenance of spermatogenesis. The aim of this study was to investigate if bFGF and IL1β activate CREB, what signaling pathways may be participating and the possible relationship between CREB activation and the regulation of Sertoli cell function. Methods: Twenty-day-old rat Sertoli cell cultures were used. Results: Cultures stimulated with bFGF and IL1β produced a time-dependent increment in phosphorylated CREB levels that reached maximal values in 5- and 15-minute incubations respectively. MEK inhibitors — PD98059 and U0126 — blocked the effect of bFGF on phosphorylated CREB while a p38-MAPK inhibitor — SB203580 — blocked the effect of IL1 β on phosphorylated CREB. A possible correlation between CREB regulation and two Sertoli cell-differentiated functions, Ldh A and transferrin expression, was explored. PD98059 blocked the ability of bFGF to stimulate Ldh A expression and SB203580 blocked the ability of IL1 β to stimulate Ldh A expression and LDH activity. Concerning transferrin, PD98059 and U0126 were able to inhibit the ability of bFGF to stimulate its secretion. On the contrary, SB203580 was unable to block IL1β induced increase in transferrin secretion suggesting that the p38-MAPK pathway does not participate in the mechanism of action of the cytokine to regulate transferrin. Conclusions: The results presented herein suggest that CREB is stimulated in response to bFGF and IL1 β through p42/p44-MAPK and p38-MAPK pathways and that this transcription factor may be partially responsible for the regulation of Sertoli cell function.Fil: Galardo, Maria Noel Lujan. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas; ArgentinaFil: Riera, Maria Fernanda. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas; ArgentinaFil: Regueira, Mariana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas; ArgentinaFil: Pellizzari, Eliana Herminia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas; ArgentinaFil: Cigorraga, Selva Beatriz. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas; ArgentinaFil: Meroni, Silvina Beatriz. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas; Argentin

Nonmonotonic response of vitellogenin and estrogen receptor geneexpression after octylphenol exposure of Cichlasoma dimerus(Perciformes, Cichlidae)

In oviparous vertebrates, vitellogenin (VTG) is mainly produced by the liver in response to estrogen(E2) and its synthesis is traditionally coupled to estrogen receptor alpha induction. Even though VTG isa female-specific protein, chemicals that mimic natural estrogens, known as xenoestrogens, can acti-vate its expression in males causing endocrine disruption to wildlife and humans. Alkylphenols such asnonylphenol (NP) and octylphenol (OP) are industrial additives used in the manufacture of a wide vari-ety of plastics and detergents, and can disrupt endocrine functions in exposed animals. For more than adecade, the freshwater cichlid fish Cichlasoma dimerus has been used for ecotoxicological studies in ourlaboratory. We recently found an up-regulation of VTG gene expression in livers of male fish exposed toOP, from a silent state to values similar to those of E2-induced fish. To better understand the underlyingmechanisms behind the action of xenoestrogens, the aim of this study was to analyze the dose?responserelationship of C. dimerus VTG and estrogen receptors (ERs) gene expression after waterborne exposureto 0.15, 1.5, 15, and 150 g/L OP for up to 1 month (0, 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days). At the end of theexperiment, histological features of exposed fish included active hepatocytes with basophilic cytoplasmand high eosinophilic content in their vascular system due to augmented expression of VTG. In testis,high preponderance of sperm was found in fish exposed to 150 g/L OP. A classic dose?response down-regulation of the expression of Na+/K+-ATPase, a ?non-gender specific gene? used for comparison, wasfound with increasing OP concentrations. No VTG and very low levels of ER were detected in controlmale livers, but an up-regulation of both genes was found in males exposed to 0.15 or 150 g/L OP. More-over, VTG transcripts were significant as early as day 3 or day 1 of exposure to these OP concentrations,respectively. Nearly no response was detected in 1.5 and 15 g/L OP exposed-fish. Data was curve-fittedevidencing a nonmonotonic dose?response curve. Interestingly, ER2 mRNA expression was augmentedabove baseline levels only when males were exposed to the lowest OP concentration. We speculate thatgenomic control of vitellogenesis is under control of multiple steroid receptors with different affinitiesfor ligands. ER isoform, only up-regulated with very low concentrations of ligand, would act as a sen-sors of OP (or E2) to induce ER and VTG. With high OP concentrations, the expression of ER isoform ispromptly augmented, with the concomitant VTG transactivation.Fil: Genovese, Griselda. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental. Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología Acuática; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada; ArgentinaFil: Regueira, Mariana. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental. Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología Acuática; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Da Cuña, Rodrigo Hernán. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental. Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología Acuática; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada; ArgentinaFil: Ferreira, Maria Florencia. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental. Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología Acuática; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Varela, María Luisa. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental. Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología Acuática; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Lo Nostro, Fabiana Laura. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental. Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología Acuática; Argentin

Activation of PPAR alfa and PPAR beta/delta regulates Sertoli cell metabolism.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the existence of a possible simultaneous regulation of fatty acid (FA) metabolism and lactate production by PPAR a and PPAR b/d activation in Sertoli cells (SC). SC cultures obtained from 20-day-old rats were incubated with WY14643 or GW0742-pharmacological activators of PPAR alfa and PPAR beta/delta respectively. The fatty acid transporter CD36, carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1, long- and medium-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenases mRNA levels were analyzed. An increase in the above-mentioned genes in response to activation of both nuclear receptors was observed. Additionally, PPAR b/d activation increased lactate production as a consequence of increased pyruvate availability by inhibiting the Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex. Altogether, these results suggest that in SC, PPAR a activation participates in the regulation of FA metabolism. On the other hand, PPAR b/d activation regulates FA metabolism and lactate production ensuring simultaneously the energetic metabolism for SC and germ cells.Fil: Regueira, Mariana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas; ArgentinaFil: Riera, Maria Fernanda. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas; ArgentinaFil: Galardo, Maria Noel Lujan. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas; ArgentinaFil: Pellizzari, Eliana Herminia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas; ArgentinaFil: Cigorraga, Selva Beatriz. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas; ArgentinaFil: Meroni, Silvina Beatriz. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas; Argentin