Association between nitrogen and seed inoculation with bacteria diazotrópica in Maize

O Brasil é o terceiro maior produtor mundial de milho e mais de 50% desta produção está concentrada no Cerrado. Esta produção está relacionada ao fornecimento adequado de nutrientes, especialmente o nitrogênio (N), que é fornecido via adubação mineral, contudo a inoculação das sementes com bactérias diazotrópicas tem complementado as necessidades da cultura. Neste estudo avaliou-se o desenvolvimento e a produção da cultura do milho cultivado com diferentes doses de N, na presença e ausência de Azospirillum. Com delineamento de blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial (5 x 2), sendo cinco doses de N (0, 50, 100, 150 e 200 kg ha-1), duas formas de inoculação da bactéria (1 – Com, 2 – Sem), com seis repetições. Mediu-se a altura da planta, inserção, comprimento e diâmetro da espiga, massa de mil grãos, percentual de grãos ardidos e produtividade. A inoculação das sementes de milho com a bactéria Azospirillum brasilense melhora a eficiência da planta na absorção do nitrogênio disponível. O diâmetro de espiga e a produtividade aumentaram linearmente com as doses de nitrogênio na presença da bactéria. A inoculação da semente com a bactéria não substitui o uso de fertilizantes nitrogenados, mas melhora a resposta da planta à adubação, especialmente em doses elevadas.Brazil is the world's third largest producer of corn and over 50% of this production is concentrated in the Cerrado. This production is related to adequate supply of nutrients, especially nitrogen (N), which is provided via mineral fertilization, however the inoculation of seeds with bacteria has complemented the needs of culture. This study evaluated the development and production of cultivated maize with different doses of N in the presence and absence of Azospirillum. With a randomized block design in a factorial scheme (5 x 2), with five N rates (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 kg ha-1), two forms of inoculation of bacteria (1 - with, 2 - Without) with six replications. Measured the height of the plant, insertion length and diameter of the ear, thousand grain weight, percentage of crop burned and productivity. The inoculation of corn seeds with the bacterium Azospirillum brasilense improves the efficiency of the plant in the uptake of nitrogen available. The diameter of the cob and productivity increased linearly with the dose of nitrogen in the presence of the bacteria. The inoculation of seed with the bacterium does not replace the use of nitrogenous fertilizers, but improves the response of the plant to nitrogen, especially in high doses.Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestale

Association between nitrogen and seed inoculation with bacteria diazotrópica in Maize

Brazil is the world's third largest producer of corn and over 50% of this production is concentrated in the Cerrado. This production is related to adequate supply of nutrients, especially nitrogen (N), which is provided via mineral fertilization, however the inoculation of seeds with bacteria has complemented the needs of culture. This study evaluated the development and production of cultivated maize with different doses of N in the presence and absence of Azospirillum. With a randomized block design in a factorial scheme (5 x 2), with five N rates (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 kg ha-1), two forms of inoculation of bacteria (1 - with, 2 - Without) with six replications. Measured the height of the plant, insertion length and diameter of the ear, thousand grain weight, percentage of crop burned and productivity. The inoculation of corn seeds with the bacterium Azospirillum brasilense improves the efficiency of the plant in the uptake of nitrogen available. The diameter of the cob and productivity increased linearly with the dose of nitrogen in the presence of the bacteria. The inoculation of seed with the bacterium does not replace the use of nitrogenous fertilizers, but improves the response of the plant to nitrogen, especially in high doses.O Brasil é o terceiro maior produtor mundial de milho e mais de 50% desta produção está concentrada no Cerrado. Esta produção está relacionada ao fornecimento adequado de nutrientes, especialmente o nitrogênio (N), que é fornecido via adubação mineral, contudo a inoculação das sementes com bactérias diazotrópicas tem complementado as necessidades da cultura. Neste estudo avaliou-se o desenvolvimento e a produção da cultura do milho cultivado com diferentes doses de N, na presença e ausência de Azospirillum. Com delineamento de blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial (5 x 2), sendo cinco doses de N (0, 50, 100, 150 e 200 kg ha-1), duas formas de inoculação da bactéria (1 – Com, 2 – Sem), com seis repetições. Mediu-se a altura da planta, inserção, comprimento e diâmetro da espiga, massa de mil grãos, percentual de grãos ardidos e produtividade. A inoculação das sementes de milho com a bactéria Azospirillum brasilense melhora a eficiência da planta na absorção do nitrogênio disponível. O diâmetro de espiga e a produtividade aumentaram linearmente com as doses de nitrogênio na presença da bactéria. A inoculação da semente com a bactéria não substitui o uso de fertilizantes nitrogenados, mas melhora a resposta da planta à adubação, especialmente em doses elevadas

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio