11 research outputs found
Balanced phosphorus fertilization on grassland in a mixed grazing and mowing system; results after 18 years
In the Netherlands the P application standard including animal manure and P fertilizer has decreased tobalanced P fertilization since 2015. Moving towards balanced P fertilization might affect grassland yieldand quality, because soil processes might influence the P availability for plant uptake. In the short term,balanced P fertilization is not expected to limit dry matter (DM) production of grass on soils with asufficient to high soil P. Decreases in P content and P offtake of grass are, however, expected directly afterdecreasing P fertilization. In the longer term decreases of herbage yield can be foreseen. With balanced Pfertilization, annual DM yield and P content of alternately grazed and mown grassland were lower thanat a surplus of 9 or 18 kg P ha-1 yr-1 on sand and peat. However, differences between P treatments in DMyield and P content remained constant over the whole period. On the marine clay soil, no differences inDM yield were found between P treatments, but P content in the herbage were lower with balanced Pfertilization than with surplus P fertilization. The risk of yield reduction seems to be related to unevendistribution of dung patches and the P buffering capacity of the soil
Diagnostiek bij multipel myeloom: de rol van beeldvorming, chromosomenanalyse en multiparameterflowcytometrie.
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Comparison of modern and conventional imaging techniques in establishing multiple myeloma-related bone disease: A systematic review
This systematic review of studies compared magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET), FDG-PET with computerized tomography (PET-CT) and CT with whole body X-Ray (WBXR) or (whole body) CT in order to provide evidence-based diagnostic guidelines in multiple myeloma bone disease. A comprehensive search of 3 bibliographic databases was performed; methodological quality was assessed using Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS) criteria (score 1-14). Data from 32 directly comparative studies were extracted. The mean QUADAS score was 7·1 (3-11), with quality hampered mainly by a poor description of selection and execution criteria. All index tests had a higher detection rate when compared to WBXR, with up to 80% more lesions detected by the newer imaging techniques; MRI (1·12-1·82) CT (1·04-1·33), PET (1·00-1·58) and PET-CT (1·27-1·45). However, the modern imaging techniques detected fewer lesions in the skull and ribs. In a direct comparison CT and MRI performed equally with respect to detection rate and sensitivity. This systematic review supports the International Myeloma Working Group guidelines, which recommend that WBCT can replace WBXR. In our opinion, the equal performance of MRI also indicates that it is a valuable alternative. As lesions of the skull and ribs are underdiagnosed by modern imaging techniques we advise additional X-rays of these regions. The consequences of this approach are discussed. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons Ltd
Dietary practices in propionic acidemia: A European survey
Background: The definitive dietary management of propionic acidaemia (PA) is unknown although natural protein restriction with adequate energy provision is of key importance.
Aim: To describe European dietary practices in the management of patients with PA prior to the publication of the European PA guidelines.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional survey consisting of 27 questions about the dietary practices in PA patients circulated to European IMD dietitians and health professionals in 2014.
Results: Information on protein restricted diets of 186 PA patients from 47 centres, representing 14 European countries was collected. Total protein intake [PA precursor-free L-amino acid supplements (PFAA) and natural protein] met WHO/FAO/UNU (2007) safe protein requirements for age in 36 centres (77%). PFAA were used to supplement natural protein intake in 81% (n = 38) of centres, providing a median of 44% (14–83%) of total protein requirement. Seventy-four per cent of patients were prescribed natural protein intakes below WHO/FAO/UNU (2007) safe levels in one or more of the following age groups: 0–6 m, 7–12 m, 1–10 y, 11–16 y and >16 y. Sixty-three per cent (n = 117) of patients were tube fed (74% gastrostomy), but only 22% received nocturnal feeds.
Conclusions: There was high use of PFAA with intakes of natural protein commonly below WHO/FAO/UNU (2007) safe levels. Optimal dietary management can only be determined by longitudinal, multi-centre, prospective case controlled studies. The metabolic instability of PA and small patient cohorts in each centre ensure that this is a challenging undertaking