НАЩАДКИ КОШОВОГО ОТАМАНА ЙОСИПА ГЛАДКОГО

Постать останнього кошового отамана Задунайської запорозької Січі а згодом й Азовського козацького війська Йосипа Михайловича Гладкого не залишилася поза увагою істориків [1] і народної пам’яті [2]. Діяльність цієї, безумовно, харизматичної людини отримала неоднозначну оцінку в попередній і сучасній історіографії. Останнім часом з’явилися ґрунтовні дослідження запорозького історика Людмили Маленко, присвячені історії Азовського козацького війська [3] і персонально діяльності отамана цього війська Й.Гладкого [4]. Дослідниця ввела до наукового обігу потужний корпус нових джерел. У полі зору Л.Маленко опинилася також і генеалогія Гладких. Проте ще наприкінці 1880-х рр. цього питання торкався відомий дослідник Запорожжя Дмитро Іванович Яворницький (1855-1940). Він був чи не першим, хто більш-менш повно висвітлив родинні стосунки Й.Гладкого. Вже у першій своїй великій монографії “Запорожжя в залишках старовини і переказах народу” Д.Яворницький приділив немало рядків Й.Гладкому та його нащадкам [5]. Головним джерелом у цьому дослідженні були документи родинного архіву Гладких. Яворницькому допомагав в цьому питанні його олександрівський приятель і відомий дослідник історії й фольклору місцевого краю Яків Павлович Новицький (1847-1925). В творчому доробку історика є й спеціальна стаття, присвячена Й. Гладкому та його генеалогії [6]

Feeding difficulties in children with food allergies: An EAACI Task Force Report

The term “feeding difficulties” refers to a spectrum of phenotypes characterized by suboptimal intake of food and/or lack of age‐appropriate eating habits. While it is evident that feeding difficulties are prevalent within healthy children, no consensus has been reached for those with food allergies. The aim of this study was to systematically review all the available literature reporting the prevalence of feeding difficulties within food allergic children. We searched eight international electronic databases for all published studies until June 2022. International experts in the field were also contacted for unpublished and ongoing studies. All publications were screened against pre‐defined eligibility criteria and critically appraised by established instruments. The substantial heterogeneity of included studies precluded meta‐analyses, so narrative synthesis of quantitative data was performed. A total of 2059 abstracts were assessed, out of which 21 underwent full‐text screening and 10 studies met the study criteria. In these, 12 different terms to define feeding difficulties and 11 diagnostic tools were used. Five papers included data of feeding difficulty prevalence in children with food allergies, ranging from 13.6% to 40%. Higher prevalence was associated with multiple food allergies. The current literature suggests that feeding difficulties are prevalent within food allergic children, particularly those with multiple food allergies. However, the heterogeneity of terminologies and diagnostic tools makes drawing conclusions challenging. Consensus guidelines for the diagnosis and management of feeding difficulties within food allergic children and further research on the development and perpetuation of feeding difficulties are needed to appropriately manage such patients

White paper on peanut allergy: treatment pathway

Background: Peanuts are a member of the legume family (botanical family Leguminosae) and peanut allergies are the most common cause of food anaphylaxis in many countries. The prevalence of peanut allergy is increasing. Methods: Experts from Germany and Austria performed a standardized literature search and published their consensus recommendations in a White Paper on Peanut Allergy, which this care pathway is based upon, thus, providing a comprehensive diagnosis and treatment algorithm. Results: The most important diagnostic key elements include a detailed clinical medical history, evidence of peanut-specific sensitization by means of skin prick testing and/or in vitro determination of the peanut (extract)-specific IgE and/or the molecular component diagnostics (most important Ara h 2-specific IgE, sometimes also Ara h1-, 3-, 6-, 8- and 9-specific IgE) as well as the gold standard, the double-blind, placebo-controlled food challenge. The diagnostic algorithms were created for the following constellations: Suspected primary peanut allergy with a clear history of systemic immediate-type reaction, suspected primary peanut allergy with questionable symptoms, suspected secondary (possibly pollen-associated) peanut allergy with a history of solely oropharyngeal symptoms and incidental finding of sensitization and no peanut ingestion so far. Conclusions: After established diagnosis the standard of care is counseling to avoid peanut contact and prescription of emergency medications (oral antihistamines, oral steroids, inhaled β2-agonists, injectable intramuscular epinephrine) as needed. Instruction on the use of these emergency medications should be provided. A preparation for oral immunotherapy (OIT) for 4 to 17 years old peanut allergic children/ adolescents has been recently approved by the regulatory authorities. OIT for peanut allergy shows high efficacy and an acceptable safety profile, improves quality of life, and health economic aspects. Thus it offers a therapeutic option for peanut allergic children and adolescents

German guideline for the management of adverse reactions to ingested histamine: guideline of the German Society for Allergology and Clinical Immunology (DGAKI), the German Society for Pediatric Allergology and Environmental Medicine (GPA), the German Association of Allergologists (AeDA), and the Swiss Society for Allergology and Immunology (SGAI)

Adverse food reactions are far more often perceived than objectively verified. In our scientific knowledge on non-allergic adverse reactions including the so called histamine intolerance, there are large deficits. Due to the fact that this disorder is increasingly discussed in the media and the internet, more and more people suspect it to be the trigger of their symptoms. The scientific evidence to support the postulated link between ingestion of histamine and adverse reactions is limited, and a reliable laboratory test for objective diagnosis is lacking. This position paper by the "Food Allergy" Working Group of the German Society for Allergology and Clinical Immunology (DGAKI) in collaboration with the German Association of Allergologists (AeDA), the Society for Pediatric Allergology and Environmental Medicine (GPA), and the Swiss Society for Allergology and Immunology (SGAI) reviews the data on the clinical picture of adverse reactions to ingested histamine, summarizes important aspects and their consequences, and proposes a practical diagnostic and therapeutic approach

Position paper of the Food Allergy Working Group of the German Society for Allergology and Clinical Immunology (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Allergologie und klinische Immunologie, DGAKI)

Background: Parents of school-age children with food allergies and potential anaphylactic reactions want their children to have an unburdened and risk-free everyday school life. Thus, particularly in the case of peanut allergy, demands for peanut-free schools are put forward. Results and discussion: The position paper of the food allergy working group of the German Society for Allergology and Clinical Immunology (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Allergologie und klinische Immunologie) highlights why the concept of peanut-free schools does not protect peanut allergic children, but rather bears potential disadvantages and risks for all those involved. The focus on peanut as a potential trigger of anaphylactic reactions ignores other relevant triggers. Conclusion: In order to address the fears and concerns of patients, parents, and school staff, it is mandatory to develop various coping strategies. These should enable and ensure the safety and participation of food-allergic pupils in classes and other school activities. Therefore, it is important to implement adequate measures for allergen avoidance and emergency treatment for students with confirmed food allergies