Spesifikasjonskravet i tvisteloven § 26-6 ved elektronisk lagret materiale

Reglene om bevistilgang er svært viktige i praksis, og et ledd i målsetningen om å få flest mulig materielt riktige avgjørelser. Spesifikasjonskravet i tvisteloven § 26-6 begrenser bevistilgangen ved at den begjærende part må spesifisere hvilket materiale han ønsker fremlagt, og bidrar til å hindre at norsk bevistilgangsrett havner for nært de angloamerikanske ordningene "discovery" og "disclosure". Spesifikasjonskravet skaper imidlertid enkelte særlige utfordringer der bevismaterialet er lagret elektronisk, som følge av de utstrakte lagringsmulighetene og muligheter for komprimering av informasjon. Fremstillingen analyserer innholdet i og anvendelsen av spesifikasjonskravet ved elektronisk lagret materiale. I tillegg drøftes enkelte særskilte problemstillinger knyttet til forholdet mellom spesifikasjonskravet og forholdsmessighetskravet.MasteroppgaveJUS399MAJUR-2MAJU

The Critical Element of Critical Discourse Analysis

This paper is a slightly modified version of the compulsory presentation given in connection with a doctoral course in theory of science and ethics for my PhD degree, delivered on December 3, 2012 at NHH Norwegian School of Economics.This paper is a discussion and presentation of the critical element of critical discourse analysis. To denote something as ‘critical’ can be seen as a desire to indicate that certain linguistic/discursive studies are different, that their methods and theories bring something to the table that others do not. However, what it entails “to be critical” varies, and different scholars emphasize different notions and frameworks related to this subject in their critical work. I here discuss how a critical approach influences both the researcher and the object of study, in a general research setting as well as in relation to my PhD project: The climate change issue as a communicative arena

Emotional Contagion and Mimicry of Behavior between Horses and their Handlers

This study is about emotional contagion and mimicry of behavior between horses and their handlers. Behavioral mimicry is defined as doing what others are doing, and appears to be strongly connected with social affiliative behavior. I investigated mimicry through head tests and walk tests to see if horses changed their movement together with a familiar human handler, also evaluating any effects of the horse’s age, sex, breed type, and housing. I wanted to determine if there was a correlation between the amount of affiliative behavior shown by the horse to their familiar handler and the degree of the horse’s behavioral mimicry of the handler’s movements. Emotional contagion is considered to occur when it appears that an observer spontaneously copies the emotional state of a demonstrator and exhibits an expected behavioral reaction to that emotion. I used an object test to see if a familiar human handler’s reaction to an unfamiliar object affected the horse’s reaction. I also investigated whether the object type, and horse’s age, sex, breed type or housing influenced the horse’s behavioral response.M-H

Administrative control in the shipyard

The organisation of a yard may be strongly influenced by the information system it takes into use. The converse should also be true: Systems development should be subordinated the desired evolution of the organisation. The principle of Communicating Data Processes is introduced as a tool for building information systems that are easily moulded for fitting an existing organisation and for adaption to its continuous development. A description of the principle is given, as well as an outline of a new system designed for testing it out in practical shipbuilding