31 research outputs found

    Stage Separation Wind Tunnel Tests of a Generic Two-Stage-to-Orbit Launch Vehicle

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    In support of NASA s Space Launch Initiative Program, stage separation wind tunnel tests of a generic two-stage-to-orbit (TSTO) launch vehicle were conducted to determine the interference aerodynamic forces and moments and to determine the proximity flow environment. The tests were conducted in the NASA Marshall Space Flight Center s Aerodynamic Research Facility using a manual separation fixture for a Mach number range of 2.74 to 4.96 and separation distances up to 80 percent and 35 percent of the body length in the vehicle X and Z coordinates, respectively. For the TSTO bimese, winged-body vehicle configuration, both wing-to-wing and wing-to-fuselage configurations were tested. Individual-body force and moment, schlieren, and surface pressure data were acquired. The results showed that the proximity aerodynamics were dominated by complex bow shock interactions, and that he booster was statically unstable at several separation positions. As compared to the isolated body, the proximity normal force change with pitch angle was found to be nearly the same, and the proximity axial force increased, in general, by 3% for both bodies

    Higher lessons in English : a work on English grammar and composition, in which the science of the language is made tributary to the art of expression ... /

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    With: Word-building with roots, or stems, and prefixes and suffixes, by Brainerd Kellogg and Alonzo Reed, 1892.Includes index."A course of practical lessons carefully graded, and adapted to every-day use in the school-room."Mode of access: Internet

    Modality in General Linguistic Investigations Conducted in China Prior to 1949

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    This article focuses on the investigations by Li Jinxi (New Grammar of the National Language. Li Jinxi collected works. Heilongjiang Education Press, Harbin, 1924), Lu Shuxiang (Outline of Chinese Grammar. The Commercial Press, Shanghai, 1942a, Outline of Chinese grammar. Collection of Lu Shuxiang's works. Liaoning Education Press, Shenyang, 1942), Wang Li (Modern Chinese Grammar. Series in Chinese grammar. The Commercial Press, Beijing, 1943, The theory of Chinese grammar. Collection of Wang Li's works. Shandong Education Press, Jinan, 1944) and Gao Mingkai (On Chinese Grammar. Kaiming shudian, Shanghai, 1948). The aim is shedding light on their notable anticipations of contemporary theories on modality. It will be shown that those works were not confined to a language-specific discourse but had the depth and vastness of the best General Linguistics tradition. After an introduction on the relevant seminal tenets on modality, the article presents five sections focussing on a different critical issue as analysed in the literature above. Namely, the attitudinal theme and the relation between sentential and verbal mood (Sect. 6.2); the illocutionary and propositional levels of modality (Sect. 6.3); the notion of modals as a semantic category (Sect. 6.4); the distinction between modalities of moral duty and mere necessity (Sect. 6.5); modal interdefinability and negation scope (Sect. 6.6)

    Modality in General Linguistic Investigations Conducted in China Prior to 1949

    No full text
    This article focuses on the investigations by Li Jinxi (New Grammar of the National Language. Li Jinxi collected works. Heilongjiang Education Press, Harbin, 1924), L\ufc Shuxiang (Outline of Chinese Grammar. The Commercial Press, Shanghai, 1942a, Outline of Chinese grammar. Collection of L\ufc Shuxiang\u2019s works. Liaoning Education Press, Shenyang, 1942), Wang Li (Modern Chinese Grammar. Series in Chinese grammar. The Commercial Press, Beijing, 1943, The theory of Chinese grammar. Collection of Wang Li\u2019s works. Shandong Education Press, Jinan, 1944) and Gao Mingkai (On Chinese Grammar. Kaiming shudian, Shanghai, 1948). The aim is shedding light on their notable anticipations of contemporary theories on modality. It will be shown that those works were not confined to a language-specific discourse but had the depth and vastness of the best General Linguistics tradition. After an introduction on the relevant seminal tenets on modality, the article presents five sections focussing on a different critical issue as analysed in the literature above. Namely, the attitudinal theme and the relation between sentential and verbal mood (Sect. 6.2); the illocutionary and propositional levels of modality (Sect. 6.3); the notion of modals as a semantic category (Sect. 6.4); the distinction between modalities of moral duty and mere necessity (Sect. 6.5); modal interdefinability and negation scope (Sect. 6.6)
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