Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa Dalam Pembelajaran IPA Pokok Bahasan Panca Indra Dengan Menggunakan Metode Demonstrasi Pada Siswa Kelas 1VA SDN 5 Pusungi

Permasalahan utama pada penelitian ini adalah rendahnya hasil belajar siswa Kelas IVA SDN 5 Pusungi pada mata pelajaran IPA. Salah satu faktor yang menyebabkan kemampuan siswa rendah adalah metode mengajar yang selama ini digunakan cenderung membuat siswa pasif dan berpusat pada guru. Untuk meningkat hasil belajar siswa, maka peneliti menerapkan metode demonstrasi dalam mengajarkan pelajaran IPA di kelas IVA SDN 5 Pusungi. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dua siklus dengan jumlah siswa 20 orang, setiap siklus terdiri dari perencanaan, pelaksanaan tindakan, observasi, dan refleksi. Dari hasil tindakan siklus I diperoleh ketuntasan belajar klasikal 55 % dengan nilai rata-rata 6,7. Hasil tindakan siklus II diperoleh ketuntasan belajar klasikal 90 % dengan nilai rata-rata 7,3. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan metode demonstrasi dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa Kelas IVA SDN 5 Pusungi

Spinocerebellar Ataxias in Brazil-Frequencies and Modulating Effects of Related Genes

This study describes the frequency of spinocerebellar ataxias and of CAG repeats range in different geographical regions of Brazil, and explores the hypothetical role of normal CAG repeats at ATXN1, ATXN2, ATXN3, CACNA1A, and ATXN7 genes on age at onset and on neurological findings. Patients with symptoms and family history compatible with a SCA were recruited in 11 cities of the country; clinical data and DNA samples were collected. Capillary electrophoresis was performed to detect CAG lengths at SCA1, SCA2, SCA3/MJD, SCA6, SCA7, SCA12, SCA17, and DRPLA associated genes, and a repeat primed PCR was used to detect ATTCT expansions at SCA10 gene. Five hundred forty-four patients (359 families) were included. There were 214 SCA3/MJD families (59.6 %), 28 SCA2 (7.8 %), 20 SCA7 (5.6 %), 15 SCA1 (4.2 %), 12 SCA10 (3.3 %), 5 SCA6 (1.4 %), and 65 families without a molecular diagnosis (18.1 %). Divergent rates of SCA3/MJD, SCA2, and SCA7 were seen in regions with different ethnic backgrounds. 64.7 % of our SCA10 patients presented seizures. Among SCA2 patients, longer ATXN3 CAG alleles were associated with earlier ages at onset (p<0.036, linear regression). A portrait of SCAs in Brazil was obtained, where variation in frequencies seemed to parallel ethnic differences. New potential interactions between some SCA-related genes were presented.FAPERGSConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)INAGEMPFIPE-HCPAHosp Clin Porto Alegre, Med Genet Serv, BR-90035903 Porto Alegre, RS, BrazilHosp Clin Porto Alegre, Lab Genet Identificat, BR-90035903 Porto Alegre, RS, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, UNIFESP Escola Paulista Med, Disciplina Neurol Clin, Setor Neurol Geral & Ataxias, São Paulo, BrazilDisciplina Neurol Santa Casa São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Estado Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilUniv Fed Rio de Janeiro, Postgrad Program, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilInst Nacl Canc, Genet Counseling Program, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilUniv Fed Rio Grande do Norte, BR-59072970 Natal, RN, BrazilFed Univ Para, Inst Ciencias Biol, Lab Erros Inatos Metab, BR-66059 Belem, Para, BrazilUniv Fed Bahia, Salvador, BA, BrazilUniv Estadual Paraiba, Campina Grande, BrazilCtr Reabilitacao Dr Henrique Santillo, Goiania, Go, BrazilAPAE Vitoria, Espirito Santo, BrazilUniv Fed Campina Grande, Paraiba, BrazilUniv Fed Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, BrazilAssoc Cearense Doencas Genet, Fortaleza, Ceara, BrazilUniv Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Dept Internal Med, Porto Alegre, RS, BrazilUniv Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Postgrad Program Med Sci, Porto Alegre, RS, BrazilUniv Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Postgrad Program Genet & Mol Biol, Porto Alegre, RS, BrazilInst Nacl Genet Med Populac INAGEMP, Porto Alegre, RS, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, UNIFESP Escola Paulista Med, Disciplina Neurol Clin, Setor Neurol Geral & Ataxias, São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Post-Occupancy Evaluation

Post-occupancy evaluation (POE) is defined as examination of the effectiveness for human users of occupied, designed environments. POEs generally focus on a single type of designed setting, tend to describe rather than manipulate, and are usually aimed at application. Within this wide focus, POEs vary considerably, and three conceptual dimensions-generality, breadth of focus, and applicability-are useful in cataloguing them. These dimensions are described and their implications for POE sponsorship and methods are discussed. Suggestions are proposed for future developments of the field.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/67314/2/10.1177_0013916580124002.pd