Analysis of an unswept propfan blade with a semiempirical dynamic stall model

The time history response of a propfan wind tunnel model with dynamic stall is studied analytically. The response obtained from the analysis is compared with available experimental data. The governing equations of motion are formulated in terms of blade normal modes which are calculated using the COSMIC-NASTRAN computer code. The response analysis considered the blade plunging and pitching motions. The lift, drag and moment coefficients for angles of attack below the static stall angle are obtained from a quasi-steady theory. For angles above static stall angles, a semiempirical dynamic stall model based on a correction to angle of attack is used to obtain lift, drag and moment coefficients. Using these coefficients, the aerodynamic forces are calculated at a selected number of strips, and integrated to obtain the total generalized forces. The combined momentum-blade element theory is used to calculate the induced velocity. The semiempirical stall model predicted a limit cycle oscillation near the setting angle at which large vibratory stresses were observed in an experiment. The predicted mode and frequency of oscillation also agreed with those measured in the experiment near the setting angle

Synthesis and Characterisation of Bis-(chloromethyl) Oxetane, its Homopolymer and Copolymer with Tetrahydrofuran

Bis-(chloromethyl) oxetane (BCMO) was synthesised from pentaerythritol by chlorination,followed by ring closure. It was polymerised using BF3-etherate and butanediol system, similarlythe BCMO–THF (tetrahydrofuran) copolymer was also synthesised. The monomers and thepolymers were characterised by IR, 1H-NMR and molecular weight. Flame retardant propertiesof the poly-BCMO were also investigated

Experimental Investigations on Effect of Modified Piston Geometry in CI Engine Fuelled with Blends of Diesel and Tyre Pyrolysis Oil

The performance and emission characteristics of modification of piston geometry on compressed ignition engine with tyre pyrolysis blends was investigated. The piston geometry was changed to grooved piston (6-holes D8 and 6 mm depth with 2x2 mm slot, each hole on piston crown and 7 V-grooves cut on piston bowl) to create automatic internal swirling of air during suction stroke. Four different blends of diesel and tyre pyrolysis oil like TPO10, TPO20, TPO30 and TPO40 were used to conduct the experiments at a constant speed of 1200 rpm. Experimental results indicate that the brake thermal efficiency, specific fuel consumption and volumetric efficiency are optimal at TPO20 i.e 20% blend with the grooved piston engine. Modified geometry piston with TPO20 blends given complete combustion as well as reduced hydro carbon, and CO emissions. Nitrogen oxides emission was remarkably maximum reduced at ideal condition operated with grooved piston compared to basic line engine. The emission rates were found linearly increasing for more than 20% of blending

Experimental Investigations on Effect of Modified Piston Geometry in CI Engine Fuelled with Blends of Diesel and Tyre Pyrolysis Oil

598-603The performance and emission characteristics of modification of piston geometry on compressed ignition engine with tyre pyrolysis blends was investigated. The piston geometry was changed to grooved piston (6-holes D8 and 6 mm depth with 2x2 mm slot, each hole on piston crown and 7 V-grooves cut on piston bowl) to create automatic internal swirling of air during suction stroke. Four different blends of diesel and tyre pyrolysis oil like TPO10, TPO20, TPO30 and TPO40 were used to conduct the experiments at a constant speed of 1200 rpm. Experimental results indicate that the brake thermal efficiency, specific fuel consumption and volumetric efficiency are optimal at TPO20 i.e 20% blend with the grooved piston engine. Modified geometry piston with TPO20 blends given complete combustion as well as reduced hydro carbon, and CO emissions. Nitrogen oxides emission was remarkably maximum reduced at ideal condition operated with grooved piston compared to basic line engine. The emission rates were found linearly increasing for more than 20% of blending

Effect of Paclobutrazol on Fruit Quality Attributes in Mango (Mangifera indica L.) Cv. Totapuri

Paclobutrazol application restricts vegetative growth while improving flowering and fruiting in mango. In the present study, effect of soil drenching with Paclobutrazol @ 3.0ml m-1 canopy diameter, applied during the 3rd week of August, on fruit quality attributes was investigated in cv. Totapuri. Parameters like fruit weight, total soluble solids (TSS), % acidity, and content of ascorbic acid, carotenoids, lycopene and individual sugars was estimated. Paclobutrazol application increased average fruit weight, TSS and content of ascorbic acid and total carotenoids, and reduced the acidity in fruits compared to fruits in untreated trees. Lycopene content was only marginally influenced by paclobutrazol. In fruits of paclobutrazol treated trees, increase of 23.4% in total sugars, 29.6% in reducing sugars, 77.4% in glucose and 27.8% in sucrose content was recorded over fruits from the untreated trees. Results indicated that, paclobutrazol application improved quality in mango fruit

Effective Gap Equation for the Inhomogeneous LOFF Superconductive Phase

We present an approximate gap equation for different crystalline structures of the LOFF phase of high density QCD at T=0. This equation is derived by using an effective condensate term obtained by averaging the inhomogeneous condensate over distances of the order of the crystal lattice size. The approximation is expected to work better far off any second order phase transition. As a function of the difference of the chemical potentials of the up and down quarks, $\delta\mu$, we get that the octahedron is energetically favored from $\delta\mu=\Delta_0/\sqrt 2$ to $0.95\Delta_0$, where $\Delta_0$ is the gap for the homogeneous phase, while in the range $0.95\Delta_0-1.32\Delta_0$ the face centered cube prevails. At $\delta\mu=1.32\Delta_0$ a first order phase transition to the normal phase occurs.Comment: 11 pages, 5 figure

Reversal of hepatorenal syndrome type 1 with terlipressin plus albumin vs. placebo plus albumin in a pooled analysis of the OT-0401 and REVERSE randomised clinical studies

Background The goal of hepatorenal syndrome type 1 (HRS-1) treatment is to improve renal function. Terlipressin, a synthetic vasopressin analogue, is a systemic vasoconstrictor used for the treatment of HRS-1, where it is available. Aim To compare the efficacy of terlipressin plus albumin vs. placebo plus albumin in patients with HRS-1. Methods Pooled patient-level data from two large phase 3, randomised, placebo-controlled studies were analysed for HRS reversal [serum creatinine (SCr) value ≤133 μmol/L], 90-day survival, need for renal replacement therapy and predictors of HRS reversal. Patients received intravenous terlipressin 1–2 mg every 6 hours plus albumin or placebo plus albumin up to 14 days. Results The pooled analysis comprised 308 patients (terlipressin: n = 153; placebo: n = 155). HRS reversal was significantly more frequent with terlipressin vs. placebo (27% vs. 14%; P = 0.004). Terlipressin was associated with a more significant improvement in renal function from baseline until end of treatment, with a mean between-group difference in SCr concentration of −53.0 μmol/L (P \u3c 0.0001). Lower SCr, lower mean arterial pressure and lower total bilirubin and absence of known precipitating factors for HRS were independent predictors of HRS reversal and longer survival in terlipressin-treated patients. Conclusions Terlipressin plus albumin resulted in a significantly higher rate of HRS reversal vs. albumin alone in patients with HRS-1. Terlipressin treatment is associated with improved renal function

Aromatic polyamide fibres

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Evaluation of analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of a combination of tramadol-pregabalin in animal models of pain and inflammation

Background: A major goal of pain management is to provide pain relief that is clinically meaningful, sustained, and associated with minimum and reversible adverse effects. Since single analgesic drug is not effective in all patients, there is a need either to develop new and more effective drugs or to identify favourable combinations of drugs that are already available. The aim of the present was to evaluate the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of tramadol and pregabalin when used alone or in combination in animal models of pain and inflammation.Methods: The animals (rats and mice) were divided into eight groups with six animals in each group. Analgesia was assessed by acetic acid induced writhing and tail flick methods in mice and hot plate method in rats. Paw oedema model in rats after induction with 0.1 ml of 1% carrageenan was used to assess the anti‑inflammatory activity. The percentage inhibition of writhes and prolongation of reaction time were used for assessing analgesic activity and reduction in paw volume was used for assessing anti-inflammatory activity. The results obtained were analysed by ANOVA and Tukey HSD Post-hoc Test.Results: Treatment with tramadol pregabalin alone or in combination reduced writhing episodes significantly in acetic acid induced writhing in mice as compared to control indicating its analgesic effect and the highest percentage inhibition of pain was seen with high dose tramadol plus pregabalin. Treatment in Hot plate and Tail flick methods significantly prolonged the reaction time at all time points.Conclusions: Tramadol when combined with pregabalin may enhance its anti-nociceptive effects. If confirmed in additional models of acute and/or chronic pain this combination might be useful in the clinical management of pain not associated with inflammation