Precipitation of Manganese Ammonium Phosphate from Homogeneous Solution by Urea Hydrolysis

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A questionnaire-based exploratory study on self medication among second year MBBS students

Background: The practice of self-medication is expected to be higher in health science students due to their exposure to knowledge about different diseases and drugs. This study was done to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of self-medication and to compare the impact of knowledge of Pharmacology on it, among second-year MBBS students.Methods: A semi-structured questionnaire consisting of both open-ended and close-ended questions was prepared and given to second-year medical students of Kurnool medical college, Kurnool. Data was analysed and entered in Microsoft Excel (version 2019), and associations were tested using the Chi-square test. The results are expressed as counts and percentages. Statistical significance was p<0.05.Results: Among the respondents, 37.33% are practising self- medication, 54.66% think knowledge of Pharmacology aids students to practice without any dire consequences. Most of the students take for fever (95.33%), (97.33%) for cough, cold, sore throat.84% were aware that it’s not safe to take drugs pertaining to alternate systems of medicine like Ayurveda, homoeopathy. A statistically significant association between knowledge, attitude, practice and gender and residence has been observed.Conclusions: The study shows that students are aware that self-medication is dangerous when followed by lay people. On the other hand, health professionals with knowledge about medications can take self-medication for common conditions without any dire consequences. They are also aware that it’s not safe to take medications that come under alternate systems of medicines, and WhatsApp consultation is not to be encouraged

Integrated Multiple Features for Tumor Image Retrieval Using Classifier and Feedback Methods

AbstractThe content based image retrieval method greatly assists in retrieving medical images close to the query image from a large database basing on their visual features. This paper presents an effective approach in which the region of the object is extracted with the help of multiple features ignoring the background of the object by employing edge following segmentation method followed by extracting texture and shape characteristics of the images. The former is extracted with the help of Steerable filter at different orientations and radial Chebyshev moments are used for extracting the later. Initially the images similar to the query image are extracted from a large group of medical images. Then the search is by accelerating the retrieval process with the help of Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier. The performance of the retrieval system is enhanced by adapting the subjective feedback method. The experimental results show that the proposed region based multiple features and integrated with classifier and subjective feedback method yields better results than classical retrieval systems

Radiation and Chemical Reaction Effects on Unsteady MHD Free Convective Periodic Heat Transport Modeling In a Saturated Porous Medium for Arotating System

A rotating model is extended for a two-dimensional, unsteady, incompressible electrically conducting, laminar immediate convection boundary layer flow of light and mass communicate in a saturated porous crystal ball gazer, among an overall vertical porous surface in the perseverance of radiation and vicious circle effects was considered. The fundamental equations governing the flow are in the art an element of partial differential equations and have been reduced to a inhere of non-linear ordinary differential equations by applying suitable similarity transformations. The problem is tackled analytically using classical two term perturbation technique. Pertinent results with respect to embedded parameters are displayed through graphically for the velocity, Temperature, concentration, skin friction, Sherwood number, Nusselt number are discussed qualitatively

HEPATOPROTECTIVE EFFECT OF THE METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF WHOLE PLANT OF BORRERIA ARTICULARIS ON CARBON TETRACHLORIDE INDUCED HEPATOTOXICITY IN ALBINO RATS

The hepatoprotective activity of methanolic extract of Borreria articularis (L.F) F.N. Willams: (Rubiaceae) at doses of 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg were evaluated by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) intoxication in rats. The toxic group which received 25%CCl4inolive oil (1 ml/kg) per oral (p.o), alone exhibited significant increase in serum ALT, AST, ALP, TBlevels. It also exhibited significant (P&lt;0.001) decrease in TP and ALB levels. The groups received pretreatment of Borreria articularis at a dose of 250 and 500 mg/kg b.w.p.o. had reduced the AST, ALT, ALP and TB levels and the effects were compared withstandarddrug(Silymarin100mg/kgb.w.p.o).Thetotal protein (TP) and albumin (ALB) levels were significantly increased in the animalsreceived pretreatment of the extract at the moderate and higher dose levels and the histopathological studies also supported the protective effect of the extract

Indian Jujuba Seed Powder as an Eco-Friendly and a Low-Cost Biosorbent for Removal of Acid Blue 25 from Aqueous Solution

Indian jujuba seed powder (IJSP) has been investigated as a low-cost and an eco-friendly biosorbent, prepared for the removal of Acid Blue 25 (AB25) from aqueous solution. The prepared biomaterial was characterized by using FTIR and scanning electron microscopic studies. The effect of operation variables, such as IJSP dosage, contact time, concentration, pH, and temperature on the removal of AB25 was investigated, using batch biosorption technique. Removal efficiency increased with increase of IJSP dosage but decreased with increase of temperature. The equilibrium data were analyzed by the Langmuir and the Freundlich isotherm models. The data fitted well with the Langmuir model with a maximum biosorption capacity of 54.95 mg g−1. The pseudo-second-order kinetics was the best for the biosorption of AB25 by IJSP, with good correlation. Thermodynamic parameters such as standard free energy change (ΔG0), standard enthalpy changes (ΔH0), and standard entropy changes (ΔS0) were analyzed. The removal of AB25 from aqueous solution by IJSP was a spontaneous and exothermic adsorption process. The results suggest that IJSP is a potential low-cost and an eco-friendly biosorbent for the AB25 removal from synthetic AB25 wastewater

A Hybrid Machine Learning Model to Recognize and Detect Plant Diseases in Early Stages

This paper presents an improved Inception module to recognise and detect plant illnesses substituting the original convolutions with architecture based on modified-Xception (m-Xception). In addition, ResNet extracts features by prioritising logarithm calculations over softmax calculations to get more consistent classification outcomes. The model’s training utilised a two-stage transfer learning process to produce an effective model. The results of the experiments reveal that the suggested approach is capable of achieving the specified level of performance, with an average recognition fineness of 99.73 on the public dataset and 98.05 on the domestic dataset, respectively

From synthesis to bioactivity: A comprehensive study of Cu-based biocidal tool

The present study reports on the biogenic synthesis of a copper-based biocidal material through the fermentation of gruel, a traditional non-alcoholic beverage. This process may involve a bio-beneficiation mechanism, in which the indigenous microorganisms in the ferment interact with the material. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed the powder's crystalline copper composition. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy revealed the crucial role of organic acids in the capping process. Transmission electron microscopy, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, and antimicrobial susceptibility tests were conducted to characterize the powder. Furthermore, the biocidal material was combined with the anticancer drug curcumin to explore its additional anti-proliferative effects, including apoptosis, on human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines in vitro. These findings highlight the potential of this biogenic copper material as a promising candidate for biomedical applications

Design of Multi-Layer Protocol Architecture using Hybrid Optimal Link State Routing (HOLSR) Protocol for CR Networks

There is a lack of spectrum due to the rising demand for sensing device communication and the inefficient use of the existing available spectrum. Through opportunistic access to licenced bands, which does not obstruct the primary sensory users (PU), it is feasible to enhance the inefficient use of the current sensor device frequency spectrum. Cognitive settings are a demanding environment in which to carry out tasks like sensor network routing and spectrum access since it is difficult to access channels due to the presence of PUs. The basic goal of the routing problem in sensor networks is to establish and maintain wireless sensor multihop paths between cognitive sensor nodes. The frequency to be used as well as the number of hops at each sensor node along the path must be determined for this assignment. In order to improve performance while using less energy, scientists suggested a unique adaptive cross-layer optimisation subcarrier distribution technique with the HOLSR protocol for wireless sensor nodes. Throughput and energy consumption parameters are used to analyse the sensor network architecture protocol that has been developed. The energy usage of the sensor nodes in the network has increased by 50%. The performance of the proposed HOLSR algorithm is assessed using the simulation results, and the results are contrasted with those of a conventional multicarrier (MC) system in terms of bit error rate and throughput