Complexes of ruthenium(II) and ruthenium(III) with tertiary arsines

Ruthenium trichloride reacts with stoichiometric amounts of tertiary arsines in boiling ethanol to give paramagnetic complexes, RuCl3(Ph2RAs)3 (R = Me, Et, Pr, Bu), which react further with 2,2′-bipyridyl(bipy) and o-phenanthroline(phen) to yield brick red crystalline products, RuCl3 (N-N)(Ph2RAs) (N-N = bipy, phen). In the presence of excess arsine Ru(III) is reduced to Ru(II), and trichloro-bridged complexes of the formula [Ru2Cl3(Ph2RAs)6]Cl are formed. These on treatment with carbonylated solutions of rhodium chloride produce yellow crystals of [Ru2Cl3(Ph2RAs)6][RhCl2(CO)2] containing Ru(II) and Rh(I). Several dicarbonyl complexes cis-RuX2(CO)2(Ph2RAs)2 (X = Cl, Br; R = Pr, Bu) have also been isolated. © 1977

Complexes of osmium with tertiary arsines and carbonmonoxide

Osmium halides (Cl and Br) react with monotertiary arsines Ph2RAs (R=Me, Et, Pr and Bu) in alcoholic medium to give paramagnetic octahedral complexes of the type OsX3L3 (X=Cl, Br; L=Ph2RAs) which further react with carbonmonoxide to give dihalo dicarbonyl complexes of osmium(II) of the type OsX2 (CO)2 L2. Similarly, osmium halides react with tertiary arsines in the presence of formaldehyde to give monocarbonyl complexes of osmium(II) of the type OsX2 (CO)L3. Structures have been assigned to all these compounds on the basis of IR and NMR studies. © 1980 Indian Academy of Sciences

Magnetism in Dense Quark Matter

We review the mechanisms via which an external magnetic field can affect the ground state of cold and dense quark matter. In the absence of a magnetic field, at asymptotically high densities, cold quark matter is in the Color-Flavor-Locked (CFL) phase of color superconductivity characterized by three scales: the superconducting gap, the gluon Meissner mass, and the baryonic chemical potential. When an applied magnetic field becomes comparable with each of these scales, new phases and/or condensates may emerge. They include the magnetic CFL (MCFL) phase that becomes relevant for fields of the order of the gap scale; the paramagnetic CFL, important when the field is of the order of the Meissner mass, and a spin-one condensate associated to the magnetic moment of the Cooper pairs, significant at fields of the order of the chemical potential. We discuss the equation of state (EoS) of MCFL matter for a large range of field values and consider possible applications of the magnetic effects on dense quark matter to the astrophysics of compact stars.Comment: To appear in Lect. Notes Phys. "Strongly interacting matter in magnetic fields" (Springer), edited by D. Kharzeev, K. Landsteiner, A. Schmitt, H.-U. Ye

Temperature, pH, and media requirements for bacterial antagonism of soilborne pathogens

Non-Peer ReviewedSelect rhizobacteria, Pseudomona fluorescens strain 63-49 and P. cepacia strain Ral-3, were evaluated for their ability to suppress the growth of several isolates of Rhizoctonia solani and Cochliobolus sativus, respectively, in liquid medium, on several solid media, at different temperature regimes and at varying pH. The two bacterial strains tested significantly reduced the growth of the fungi, irrespective of the growth medium, temperature or pH. Among the solid media tested, the efficacy of bacteria against fungi was best on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) for strain 63-49 and Pseudomonas Agar F (PAF) for strain Ral-3. However, liquid medium results were quite variable depending on the fungal isolate especially for C. sativus. The activity of strain 63-49 was highest at 22°C and the activity of strain Ral-3 was at 30°C

Carbonyl and hydridocarbonyl complexes of ruthenium (II) and osmium (II) with tertiary arsines

Ruthenium halides (Cl and Br) react with monotertiary arsines-Ph2RAs (R=Me, Et, Prn ) in methoxyethanol, in the presence of aq. formaldehyde to give monocarbonyl complexes of ruthenium(II) of the type RuX2(CO) (Ph2RAs)3. Carbonylation of an ethanolic solution containing ruthenium trichloride and the arsine at room temperature yield trans dicarbonyl compounds of the formula RuCl2(CO)2 (Ph2RAs)2. The osmium monocarbonyls OsX2(CO) (Ph2RAs)3 (X=Cl, Br; R=Me, Et) react with NaBH4 in methanol to yield complexes of the composition OsHX(CO) (Ph2RAs)3. The ruthenium analogues RuHCl(CO) (Ph2RAs)3 have also been made. Structures have been assigned to all these compounds on the basis of IR and NMR spectral results. © 1981 Indian Academy of Sciences

Reactions of trichloro and tribromo complexes of ruthenium(III) and rhodium(III) with p-​tolyl isocyanide

Trichloro and tribromo complexes of ruthenium and rhodium MX2(AsRPh2)​3 (M = Ru, Rh; X = Cl, Br; R = Me, Et, Pr) react with p-​tolyl isocyanide (p-​tNC) in acetone or alc. to afford RuX2(AsRPh2)​2(p-​tNC)​2 and RhX3(AsRPh2)​2(p-​tNC)​. The νCN values suggest an increase in the bond order of the CN group and decrease in π-​character in the metal-​C bond in the Rh complexes, and a decrease in the bond order of the CN group and an increase in the metal-​C bond π-​character in the Ru complexes

The effect of pre-weaning exposure to soybean meal on subsequent post-weaning growth performance in the early-weaned pig

Two hundred and forty pigs averaging 11.3 lb and 21 d of age were utilized to determine the effect of pre-weaning exposure to soybean meal on nursery performance. Pigs were derived from sows that were fed either a soybean meal based- or a corn gluten meal based-diet throughout gestation and lactation. Across sow treatments, pigs were stomach-infused with 6 g/d of soybean meal or placebo from d 5 to 9 of age. Treatment structuring prior to weaning allowed for comparisons between pigs immunologically sensitized to soy proteins and pigs nonsensitized to soy proteins. Nursery treatments allowed for a comparison between a diet containing known soy antigens (glycinin and beta-eonglycinin) and a diet that did not contain dietary antigens (milk protein). Thus, eight nursery treatments resulted based upon sow treatment (soybean meal vs corn gluten meal diets), stomach infusion (soybean meal vs placebo), and Phase I dietary treatment (soybean meal vs milk diets). Pigs were allotted by weight and sex within sow treatment by stomach infusion group. Pig weights and feed consumption were recorded weekly for the determination of average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), and feed efficiency (F/G). Sow treatment and infusion treatments did not cause differences in growth performance, allowing data to be analyzed for the main effect of nursery diet treatment. Phase I diets (1.4% lysine) were fed from d 0 to 14 post-weaning. During this time, ADG was increased by 18% in pigs fed a diet containing all milk protein. Average daily feed intake was decreased by 6% and F/G by 24% in pigs fed the soybean meal diet, compared to pigs fed the milk diet. Pigs fed a soybean meal diet during Phase I appeared to respond to the diet with a delayed transient hypersensitivity (DTH) to soy proteins. On d 14, all pigs were placed on a common (1.25% lysine) Phase II diet. This diet contained 22.7% soybean meal and 10% dried whey. Phase II performance was inverse to Phase I performance, with pigs fed a milk diet during Phase I having a 20% decrease in ADG, an 8% decrease in ADFI, and 14% poorer F/G than pigs fed a soybean meal diet during Phase I. These results suggest that the DTH response occurred during Phase II in pigs fed an all milk diet during Phase I. The magnitude of the DTH response was similar for pigs in both phases. The overall performance (d 0 to 35) indicated a 7% decrease in ADG, a 5% decrease in ADFI, with a 2% poorer F/G in pigs fed a milk diet during the Phase I period. These data indicate that pigs develop a tolerance to soy proteins within 2 wk post-weaning. Early-weaned pigs fed a diet devoid of soybean meal for 14 d will exhibit the same DTH response when placed on a corn-soybean meal diet as pigs fed a diet containing soybean meal immediately following weaning. This experiment also points out that prior infusion to soy protein is not necessary for a possible DTH response