Effect of Viscous Dissipation, Soret and Dufour Effect on Free Convection Heat and Mass Transfer from Vertical Surface in a Porous Medium

AbstractIn the present approach, a two dimensional steady free convection flow of heat and mass transfer from a vertical surface in porous media with viscous dissipation has been analyzed numerically considering Soret and Dufour effects. The governing non linear partial differential equations have been transformed by a similar transformation in to a system of ordinary differential equations, which are solved numerically by using implicit finite difference scheme. The dimensionless velocity, temperature and concentration profiles are displayed graphically showing the effects for the different values of the Lewis number, soret number and viscous dissipation parameter

Change in refractive status and pupil size during different yoga posture among healthy subjects

366-370The purpose of this study was to find out the effect of different yoga postures on the refractive status and pupil size among healthy individuals. The cross-sectional study involved 27 healthy individuals with a mean age of 19.9±1.69 years. The procedure was explained to the subjects and written informed consent obtained. Structured yoga training was given for all participants to get them to perform five yoga postures. On completion of training, refractive error and pupil size were measured for each subject using photo refractometer at rest and while performing yoga. Comparing refractive error measurements with all the yoga postures no statistical significant difference observed, but when the mean value of pupil size baseline reading compared with each yoga postures, we found a significant change in pupil size during the asana (p<0.001). The study shows a significant increase in pupil size across yoga postures as compared to prone position. There was no change in the refractive status across all yoga postures

Role of yoga intervention on quality of life and prehypertension

351-355   In developing countries like India, hypertension poses a major problem. Rise in blood pressure for a prolonged period above the normal range is labeled as hypertension and this is usually preceded by prehypertension. Yogic exercises done on regular basis can have beneficial effects on hypertension. The aim of present study was to evaluate the effects of yogic exercises in controlling blood pressure in pre-hypertensive.    Security personnel were screened for hypertension and the subjects with pre-hypertension were selected for study. subjects with pre-hypertension were divided into control and intervention group by using simple random sampling method. Intervention group were trained for yoga and both the groups were followed up to check blood pressure every 3 months.    The study observed a decrease in weight and blood pressure of intervention group as compared to the control group but it was not statistically significant. The intervention group showed significant improvement in self rated quality of life compared to the control group.    Yogasanas and meditation seems to have an antihypertensive effect and a positive effect on self rated quality of lifeby intervention group as compared to the control group. This proves that simple yogasanas and meditation could be useful to improve the quality of life and control blood pressure in subjects with pre-hypertension

AN EFFICIENT METHOD-LEVEL CODE CLONE DETECTION SCHEME THROUGH TEXTUAL ANALYSIS USING METRICS

ABSTRACT Code cloning or the act of copying code fragments and making minor, non-functional alterations, is a well known problem for evolving software systems which leads to duplicated code fragments known as code clones. A Clone Detection approach is to find out the reused fragment of code in any application to maintain different types of clones that are being identified by the clone detection techniques. Ever since clone detection evolved, it has been providing better results by reducing the complexity. A different clone detection tool makes the detection process easier and produces efficient results. In many existing systems, main focus is on line by line detection or token based detection to find out the clones in the system. So, it makes the system to take long time to process the entire source code. If the fragment of code is not an exact copy but the functionalities make it similar to each other, then existing system doesn&apos;t figure out that type of clones in it. This paper proposes combination of textual and metric analysis of a source code for the detection of all types of clones in a given set of fragment of java source code. Various semantics have been formulated and their values are used during the detection process. This metrics with textual analysis provides less complexity in finding the clones and giving accurate results

Role of water in Protein Aggregation and Amyloid Polymorphism

A variety of neurodegenerative diseases are associated with the formation of amyloid plaques. Our incomplete understanding of this process underscores the need to decipher the principles governing protein aggregation. Most experimental and simulation studies have been interpreted largely from the perspective of proteins: the role of solvent has been relatively overlooked. In this Account, we provide a perspective on how interactions with water affect folding landscapes of A$\beta$ monomers, A$\beta_{16-22}$ oligomer formation, and protofilament formation in a Sup35 peptide. Simulations show that the formation of aggregation-prone structures (N$^*$) similar to the structure in the fibril requires overcoming high desolvation barrier. The mechanism of protofilament formation in a polar Sup35 peptide fragment illustrates that water dramatically slows down self-assembly. Release of water trapped in the pores as water wires creates protofilament with a dry interface. Similarly, one of the main driving force for addition of a solvated monomer to a preformed fibril is the entropy gain of released water. We conclude by postulating that two-step model for protein crystallization must also hold for higher order amyloid structure formation starting from N$^*$. Multiple N$^*$ structures with varying water content results in a number of distinct water-laden polymorphic structures. In predominantly hydrophobic sequences, water accelerates fibril formation. In contrast, water-stabilized metastable intermediates dramatically slow down fibril growth rates in hydrophilic sequences.Comment: 27 pages, 4 figures; Accounts of Chemical Research, 201

The Pseudouridine Synthases Proceed through a Glycal Intermediate

The pseudouridine synthases isomerize (U) in RNA to pseudouridine (Ψ), and the mechanism that they follow has long been a question of interest. The recent elucidation of a product of the mechanistic probe 5-fluorouridine that had been epimerized to the <i>arabino</i> isomer suggested that the Ψ synthases might operate through a glycal intermediate formed by deprotonation of C2′. When that position in substrate U is deuterated, a primary kinetic isotope effect is observed, which indisputably indicates that the proposed deprotonation occurs during the isomerization of U to Ψ and establishes the mechanism followed by the Ψ synthases