Ethnobotanical Survey on Respiratory Disorders in Eastern Ghats of Andhra Pradesh, India

An Ethnopharmacological survey of the Eastern Ghats region of Andhra Pradesh, comprising Chittoor, Cuddapah, East Godavari, Guntur, Khammam, Krishna, Kurnool, Srikakulam, Visakhapatnam, Vijayanagaram and the West Godavari districts, was conducted during 2000-2005. Eighty-four species of folk drug plants belonging to 72 genera and 41 families were found to be used as a remedy for respiratory disorders by the rural people and forest ethnic people (Chenchus, Erukulas, Lambadas, Koyas, Kondareddies, Nukadoras, Yanadis). The scientific, vernacular and family names of these medicinal plants, along with the parts used and the mode of their administration are enumerated

Spin Response and Neutrino Emissivity of Dense Neutron Matter

We study the spin response of cold dense neutron matter in the limit of zero momentum transfer, and show that the frequency dependence of the long-wavelength spin response is well constrained by sum-rules and the asymptotic behavior of the two-particle response at high frequency. The sum-rules are calculated using Auxiliary Field Diffusion Monte Carlo technique and the high frequency two-particle response is calculated for several nucleon-nucleon potentials. At nuclear saturation density, the sum-rules suggest that the strength of the spin response peaks at $\omega \simeq$ 40--60 MeV, decays rapidly for $\omega \geq$100 MeV, and has a sizable strength below 40 MeV. This strength at relatively low energy may lead to enhanced neutrino production rates in dense neutron-rich matter at temperatures of relevance to core-collapse supernova.Comment: 11 pages, 4 figures. Minor change. Published versio

Dynamic analysis of a pre-and-post ice impacted blade

The dynamic characteristics of an engine blade are evaluated under pre-and-post ice impact conditions using the NASA in-house computer code BLASIM. The ice impacts the leading edge of the blade causing severe local damage. The local structural response of the blade due to the ice impact is predicted via a transient response analysis by modeling only a local patch around the impact region. After ice impact, the global geometry of the blade is updated using deformations of the local patch and a free vibration analysis is performed. The effects of ice impact location, size and ice velocity on the blade mode shapes and natural frequencies are investigated. The results indicate that basic nature of the mode shapes remains unchanged after impact and that the maximum variation in natural frequencies occurs for the twisting mode of the blade

Structural tailoring of aircraft engine blade subject to ice impact constraints

Results are presented for the minimum weight design of SR2 unswept blade made of (titanium/graphite-epoxy/titanium) sub s fiber composite. The blade which is rotating at high RPM is subject to ice impact. The root chord length, blade thicknesses at five stations, and graphite-epoxy ply orientation are chosen as design variables. Design constraints are placed on the behavior variables: local leading edge strain and root damage parameter (combined stress failure criteria) as a function due to ice impact, maximum spanwise centrifugal stress at the root of the deformed blade due to local damage, first three natural frequencies, and resonance margin after impact. The method of feasible directions is employed to solve the inequality constrained minimization problem. The effect of ice speed and the ice impact location on the final design are discussed

Root damage analysis of aircraft engine blade subject to ice impact

The blade root response due to ice impact on an engine blade is simulated using the NASA in-house code BLASIM. The ice piece is modeled as an equivalent spherical object impacting on the leading edge of the blade and has the velocity opposite to that of the aircraft with direction parallel to the engine axis. The effect of ice impact is considered to be an impulse load on the blade with its amplitude computed based on the momentum transfer principle. The blade response due to the impact is carried out by modal superposition using the first three modes. The maximum dynamic stresses at the blade root are computed at the quarter cycle of the first natural frequency. A combined stress failure function based on modified distortion energy is used to study the spanwise bending damage response at the blade root. That damage function reaches maximum value for very low ice speeds and increases steeply with increases in engine speed

The Stability of Strange Star Crusts and Strangelets

We construct strangelets, taking into account electrostatic effects, including Debye screening, and arbitrary surface tension sigma of the interface between vacuum and quark matter. We find that there is a critical surface tension sigma_crit below which large strangelets are unstable to fragmentation and below which quark star surfaces will fragment into a crystalline crust made of charged strangelets immersed in an electron gas. We derive a model-independent relationship between sigma_crit and two parameters that characterize any quark matter equation of state. For reasonable model equations of state, we find sigma_crit typically of order a few MeV/fm^2. If sigma <= sigma_crit, the size-distribution of strangelets in cosmic rays could feature a peak corresponding to the stable strangelets that we construct.Comment: 11 pages, LaTe

Low Latency Prefix Accumulation Driven Compound MAC Unit for Efficient FIR Filter Implementation

135–138This article presents hierarchical single compound adder-based MAC with assertion based error correction for speculation variations in the prefix addition for FIR filter design. The VLSI implementation of approximation in prefix adder results show a significant delay and complexity reductions, all this at the cost of latency measures when speculation fails during carry propagation, which is the main reason preventing the use of speculation in parallel-prefix adders in DSP applications. The speculative adder which is based on Han Carlson parallel prefix adder structure accomplishes better reduction in latency. Introducing a structured and efficient shift-add technique and explore latency reduction by incorporating approximation in addition. The improvements made in terms of reduction in latency and merits in performance by the proposed MAC unit are showed through the synthesis done by FPGA hardware. Results show that proposed method outpaces both formerly projected MAC designs using multiplication methods for attaining high speed

Integrated Management of the Yellow Mite, Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Banks), on Sweet Pepper Grown under Polyhouse

Different IPM modules were evaluated for the management of yellow mite, Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Banks) on sweet pepper grown under protected cultivation at the Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bangalore. Results indicated that application of module 1(spray of abamectin followed by ethion and abamectin) or module 2 (spray of abamectin followed by profenophos and abamectin) was significantly more effective (3.91-6.58 mites/ leaf) than module 3 (spray of dicofol followed by pongamia oil and neem seed kernal extract (5.79 -6.95 mites/ leaf) in the first two trials (Sept. 2002- Mar. 2003 and June - Dec.2003). IPM modules like module 4 (spray of dicofol followed by release of Amblyseius tetranychivorus and spray of Verticillium lecanii and module 5 (spray of dicofol followed by release of A. tetranychivorus and spray of pongamia oil (9.25-15.53 mites/leaf) were marginally effective during the first two trials. However, in the third trial (Mar. - Sept., 2004) all the revised modules, viz., abamectin followed by dicofol (M1), dicofol-fenazaquin (M2), fenazaquin-pongamia oil (M3) and organic module oxymetrin-neem soap (M4) were effective (2.30-3.03 mites/leaf) against the yellow mite