TRENDS OF ENGINEERING EDUCATION

В статье представлено видение проблем и задач инженерного образования на предстоящее десятилетие, обсуждаемое в рамках инициативы CDIOThe article presents a vision of the challenges of engineering education for the coming decade, discussed in the initiative CDI

Corrosion resistance of alloys of Hastelloy in chloroaluminate melts

The corrosion of Hastelloy S, Hastelloy X, Haynes 230, Hastelloy N, Hastelloy G35 and Hastelloy C2000 alloys was studied in KCl-AlCl3 melts at 550°С. The rates and the mechanisms of corrosion of the studied materials were determined. The processes taking place during the interaction between alloys and chloroaluminate melts were investigated

Spectroelectrochemical study of stainless steel corrosion in NaCl-KCl melt

High-temperature spectroelectrochemestry was applied to study corrosion of various types of stainless steel in molten salts. The electronic absorption spectra of products of anodic dissolution of stainless steel major components (iron, chromium, nickel, molybdenum, manganese, titanium) were measured in NaCl-KCl melt at 750 °C The effectiveness and limitations of applying spectroscopic method for studying alloys corrosion was demonstrated on example of anodic dissolution of AISI 316L, 316Ti and 321 austenitic steels. The major corrosion products of steels are iron, manganese and chromium species. Prolongation of anodic dissolution leads to increasing chromium-to-iron ratio in the melt. Titanium in steels forms very stable carbonitride species that aren't dissolved during anodic oxidation. © The Electrochemical Society.Physical and Analytical Electrochemistry;Electrodeposition;Energy Technolog

Study of causes of film formation on the electrolyte surface during niobium electrorefining

Formation of a conducting film on the surface of fused electrolyte during electrorefining of niobium in chloride melts was investigated. It was found that this film has metallic nature and is formed as a result of disproportionation of niobium(III) ions at a liquid-gas interface. Decreasing temperature gradient along the heated part of the electrolyser can be used to limit the influence of the disproportionation onto film formation. The metal film formation on solid ceramics can be used for creation of conducting layers on various oxide materials. copyright The Electrochemical Society.Electrochemical Society, Phys. Anal. Electrochem. Div.;Electrochemical Society, Electrodeposition Division;Electrochemical Society, High Temperature Materials Division;Electrochemical Society, Battery Division;Electrochemical Society, Energy Technology Divisio

Processing of vanadium and niobium electrodeposited from alkali chloride melts

The methods of hydrometallurgical treatment of cathodic deposits obtained by electrorefining vanadium and niobium metals in chloride melts were studied. The effectiveness of employing nitric acid was demonstrated. The optimal conditions of leaching trapped salt were determined: HNO3 concentration of 2.5 wt. % for vanadium and 5 wt. % for niobium; solid-to-liquid ratio 1:10 for both metals. The effect of increasing duration of a washing cycle on number of process stages was investigated. The methods of final washing and drying metallic powders were considered. ©The Electrochemical Society.Physical and Analytical Electrochemistry;Electrodeposition;Energy Technolog

Corrosion of stainless steels in NaCl-KCl based melts

Corrosion behavior of stainless steel types AISI 316L, 316Ti and 321 was studied at 750 °C in NaCl-KCl equimolar melts. Iron, chromium and manganese species constitute the major corrosion products. The following mechanism of stainless steel corrosion in molten chlorides was proposed: 1) chemical interaction between the alloy and the salt intensified by the formation of microgalvanic pairs; 2) formation of chromium and molybdenum carbide-containing phases in steel as a result of heating to 750 °C; 3) additional formation of galvanic pairs between the grains of austenitic alloys and the carbide phases at the grain boundaries resulting in enhanced intergranular corrosion. ©The Electrochemical Society.Physical and Analytical Electrochemistry;Electrodeposition;Energy Technolog

Modeling and forecasting the parameters of a railroad transport system

The article describes an algorithm for constructing a mathematical model to predict the demand for railway passenger transportation. The model based on the SARIMAX methodology, considering the influence of seasonality and external variables on demand. The average absolute error of prediction result of the created model with the calculated parameters is 8%. The created model can be used as a decision support system in the field of passenger transportation. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.The article was prepared with the financial support of the Center of Competence «Systems Engineering» established within the International Scientific and Methodological Center for the Transfer of Competencies of the Digital Economy of Ural Federal University, created in accordance with the Agreement dated 09.12.2019 No. 075-15-2019-1907

Определение растворимости хлоридов переходных d-элементов в хлоралюминатных расплавах

Solubility of several transition metal chlorides (NiCl2, CrCl2, MoCl3, FeCl2) was measured in KCl-AlCl3 based melts. It was found that the solubility of studied metal chlorides depends on K : Al mole ratio. MoCl3 solubility decreases with increasing AlCl3 content. Solubility of CrCl2 and FeCl2 reaches maximum at K : Al ratio of 1 and decreases when this ratio either de-creases or increases. The dependence of NiCl2 solubility on K : Al mole ratio is V-shaped with the maximum near 0.9-0.95. The effect of temperature on solubility of transition metal chlorides in KCl-AlCl3 melts was also investigated. Increasing temperature does not alter the character of «solubility – K : Al mole ratio» dependences.Представлены результаты выполненных исследований по определению растворимости в расплавах на основе KCl-AlCl3 хлоридных соединений ряда переходных d-элементов (Ni, Cr, Mo, Fe). Изучено влияние мольного отношения KCl : AlCl3 и температуры на растворимость хлоридов исследуемых металлов в хлоралюминатных расплавах