In re Cox\u27 Estate, 380 P.2d 584 (Mont. 1963)

In re Cox\u27 Estat

In re Cox\u27 Estate, 380 P.2d 584 (Mont. 1963)

In re Cox\u27 Estat

Lane v. Warden, Maryland Penitentiary, 320 F.2d 179 (4th Cir. 1963)

Lane v. Warden, Maryland Penitentiar

Lane v. Warden, Maryland Penitentiary, 320 F.2d 179 (4th Cir. 1963)

Lane v. Warden, Maryland Penitentiar

Cost of Appeal

Cost of Appea

Cost of Appeal

Cost of Appea

New ring shear deformation apparatus for three-dimensional multiphase experiments: First results

Multiphase deformation, where a solid and fluid phase deform simultaneously, play a crucial role in a variety of geological hazards, such as landslides, glacial slip, and the transition from earthquakes to slow slip. In all these examples a continuous, viscous or fluid-like phase is mixed with a granular or brittle phase where both phases deform simultaneously when stressed. Understanding the interaction between the phases and how they will impact deformation dynamics is essential to improve hazard assessments for a wide variety of geo-hazards. Here, we present the design and first experimental results from a ring shear deformation apparatus capable of deforming multiple phases simultaneously. The experimental design allows for three dimensional observations during deformation in addition to unlimited shear strain, controllable normal force, and a variety of boundary conditions. To impose shear deformation, either the experimental chamber or lid rotate around its central axis while the other remains stationary. Normal and pulling force data are collected with force gauges located on the lid of the apparatus and between the pulling motor and the experimental chamber. Experimental materials are chosen to match the light refraction index of the experimental chamber, such that 3D observations can be made throughout the experiment with the help of a laser light sheet. We present experimental results where we deform hydropolymer orbs and cubes (brittle phase) and Carbopol&reg; hydropolymer gel (fluid phase). Preliminary results show variability in force measurements and deformation styles between solid and fluid end member experiments. The ratio of solids to fluids and their relative competencies in multiphase experiments control deformation dynamics, which range from stick-slip to creep. The presented experimental strategy has the potential to shed light on multi-phase processes associated with multiple geo-hazards.</p

Federal Aid and Equality of Educational Opportunity: Evidence from the Introduction of Title I in the South

Title I of the 1965 Elementary and Secondary Education Act substantially increased federal aid for education, with the goal of expanding educational opportunity. Combining the timing of the program’s introduction with variation in its intensity, we find that Title I increased school spending by 46 cents on the dollar in the average school district in the South and increased spending nearly dollar-for-dollar in Southern districts with little scope for local offset. Based on this differential fiscal response, we find that increases in school budgets from Title I decreased high school dropout rates for whites, but not blacks.

AGL StimSelect: Software for automated selection of stimuli for artificial grammar learning

Artificial Grammar Learning (AGL) is an experimental paradigm that has been used extensively in cognitive research for many years to study implicit learning, associative learning, and generalization based either on similarity or rules. Without computer assistance it is virtually impossible to generate appropriate grammatical training stimuli along with grammatical or non-grammatical test stimuli that control relevant psychological variables. We present the first flexible, fully automated software for selecting AGL stimuli. The software allows users to specify a grammar of interest, and to manipulate characteristics of training and test sequences, and their relationship to each other. The user thus has direct control over stimulus features that may influence learning and generalization in AGL tasks. The software enables researchers to develop AGL designs that would not be feasible without automatic stimulus selection. It is implemented in Matlab