Electrochemical reduction of carbamazepine in ethanol and water solutions using a glassy carbon electrode

The electrochemical reduction of carbamazepine in ethanol and water using a glassy carbon electrode has been studied. In all experimental conditions of scan rate and concentration of carbamazepine an irreversible cathodic wave was observed by cyclic voltammetry (CV). Electrochemical parameters and a plausible EqC mechanism have been reported from the electrochemical measurements and digital simulation. The values of thermodynamic E1/2 were correlated with solvent polarity parameters that it can be interesting for biological, pharmaceutical and forensic purposes. Limits of Detection (LOD) for DPV are 1.1 and 9.0 g/mL (4.65x10-6 and 3.81x10-5 M) in ethanol and water, respectively. The precision and recoveries obtained for tablets and plasma samples showed that the method could be successfully used for analysis

Temperature effect on the electrooxidation of gamma hdroxybutyric acid (GHB) on platinum catalyst through cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry, impedance spectroscopy and SERS spectroelectrochemistry

A study of the electro-oxidation of gamma hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) on platinum electrode in acidic media has been investigated by cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in the temperature range between 5 and 30ºC. The variation of the j-E curves allows the determination of activation energy in a wide interval of potentials where three characteristic oxidation peaks appear. The j-t curves were registered at the more positive potentials corresponding with the A and B peaks. Stationary current intensity measurements allowed the determination of the activation energy in pure kinetic region conditions. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy made also possible the study of the electrochemical behavior in the same potential region. Temperature dependence of the charge-transfer resistance (Rct) and the rate constant associated with the surface coverage by an adsorbed intermediate (-1=Ro/L) during the GHB electro-oxidation process were evaluated and discussed. In all cases, the values of activation energy, below 30 kJ/mol, suggest that a complex mechanism takes place for the GHB electro-oxidation free of strong interactions with the platinum surface. In situ Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) spectroelectrochemistry spectra corresponding to coadsorbed species, including intermediates of reaction, have been analyzed at several potentials

Dose-dependent improvement of cardiac function in a swine model of acute myocardial infarction after intracoronary administration of allogeneic heart-derived cells

Allogeneic cardiac-derived progenitor cells (CPC) without immunosuppression could provide an effective ancillary therapy to improve cardiac function in reperfused myocardial infarction. We set out to perform a comprehensive preclinical feasibility and safety evaluation of porcine CPC (pCPC) in the infarcted porcine model, analyzing biodistribution and mid-term efficacy, as well as safety in healthy non-infarcted swine.This work was mainly supported by the European FP7-HEALTH-2009-1.4-3, Grant Agreement 242038. In addition, it was partially supported by FEDER funds and grants from the Ministerio de Economia industria y Competitividad ISCIII (PI16/01172) co-funded by ERDF/ESF, “Investing in your future” and Junta de Extremadura Consejeria de Economía e Infraestructuras (IB16201) to VC, and the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (SAF2015-70882-R; AEI/FEDER, UE) and the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (RETICS-RD12/0019/0018) to AB.Peer reviewe

Solvent and acidification method effects in the performance of new sulfonated copolyimides membranes in PEM-fuel cells

International audienceNew sequenced sulfonated naphthalenic polyimides were synthesized contg. a flexible arom.-aliph. diamine. The obtained membranes present the advantage of being sol. in N-Me pyrrolidone (NMP) which is a less toxic solvent than the previously used m-cresol. The authors report on the solvent and acidification method effects on the properties of the membranes such as d., water uptake, proton cond. as well as on the performance of these membranes in fuel cell operation. The membranes prepd. from NMP soln. and acidified with ion-exchange resins give the best results. They have good mech. properties as well as high ionic cond. (14.4 x 10-2 S cm-1 at 80°C and good performances as proton exchange membrane (PEM) in fuel cell at 70°

Investigación, reflexión y acción de la realidad socio-educativa a principios del siglo XXI : vol. II

Consciente de la importancia de la investigación educativa para promover las transformaciones que permitan ofrecer a la sociedad nacional e internacional una educación pertinente y relevante que al mismo tiempo, contribuya con el desarrollo humano, en febrero del 2011 y en el marco de la celebración del 30 aniversario de su fundación, el Instituto de Investigación en Educación (INIE) organiza el II Congreso Internacional de Investigación Educativa: Su Incidencia en la Realidad Social. Los aportes presentados durante este II Congreso Internacional de Investigación Educativa, se han recopilado en la publicación del libro digital: Investigación, reflexión y acción de la realidad socio-educativa a principios del siglo XXI. Estos trabajos tienen por objetivo ofrecer propuestas para repensar la educación y los procesos educativos que se desarrollan en las aulas, así como valorar la importancia de realizar las transformaciones que se requieren a partir de los resultados de las investigacione

Evaluation of antigen-induced synovitis in a porcine model: Immunological, arthroscopic and kinetic studies

Abstract Background Synovitis is an inflammation-related disease linked to rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, infections and trauma. This inflammation is accompanied by immune cells infiltration which initiates an inflammatory response causing pain, discomfort and affecting the normal joint function. The treatment of synovitis is based on the administration of anti-inflammatory drugs or biological agents such as platelet rich plasma and mesenchymal stem cells. However, the evaluation and validation of more effective therapies of synovitis requires the establishment of clinically relevant animal models. Results In this study, Large White pigs were pre-immunized to evaluate an antigen-induced synovitis. The immune monitoring of synovial fluids in this model allowed us the identification of IL-12p40 and T cell subsets as immune biomarkers. Moreover, the evolution of synovitis was performed by arthroscopic procedures and kinetic analysis. In summary, this paper describes an animal model of antigen-induced synovitis to be used in the evaluation of anti-inflammatory therapies. Conclusions The novelty of this paper lies in the development of a clinically relevant model of synovitis which permits the simultaneous evaluation of synovitis from an immunological, surgical and kinetic point of view