Application of quantitative methods in the generation of innovation and creativity

SMEs need to develop approaches to innovation, with defined directions for developing processes based on innovation structures, and integrated with the innovation management approach. Few authors have discussed the measurement and development of scales applied in the area of administration, which provide the preliminary steps for validating measurement scales. What procedures are required to carry out the validation of scales and which constructs measure innovation and creativity? The method adopted in this theoretical essay was that of content analysis. The general objective of this work was to carry out a theoretical-conceptual study of the quantitative method in the measurement of innovation and creativity; and, as specific objectives, 1) to characterize the theoretical-conceptual evolution of a valid quantitative method for measuring innovation and creativity; 2) to develop concepts of ways to validate the quantitative methods used in the academic work on innovation and creativity; and to present constructs that would indicate the presence of innovation and creativity for the generation of modeling. To tackle the problem, the following question is proposed: how can innovation and creativity be validly measured? To answer this question, we first carried out a theoretical-conceptual review of the existing literature. We then used the review to conceptualize innovation and creativity, search for the main instruments to measure innovation and creativity, and set out the steps needed to validate a measurement scale for them. This work is directed to researchers in the area of ​​measurement and the development of scales

COVID-19 and thromboinflammation : is there a role for statins?

The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) showed increased morbidity and mortality rates and worse prognosis in individuals with underlying chronic diseases, especially cardiovascular disease and its risk factors, such as hypertension, diabetes, and obesity. There is also evidence of possible links among COVID-19, myocardial infarction, and stroke. Emerging evidence suggests a pro-inflammatory milieu and hypercoagulable state in patients with this infection. Despite anticoagulation, a large proportion of patients requiring intensive care may develop life-threatening thrombotic complications. Indeed, the levels of some markers of hemostatic activation, such as D-dimer, are commonly elevated in COVID-19, indicating potential risk of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary thromboembolism. In this review, we critically examine and discuss aspects of hypercoagulability and inflammation in COVID-19 and the possible benefits of statins in this scenario, with emphasis on their underlying molecular mechanisms. Moreover, we present recommendations on the use of antiviral drugs in combination with statins

Doses cumulativas de iodo radioativo no tratamento do carcinoma diferenciado de tireoide: sabendo a hora de parar

OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the efficacy of cumulative doses (CDs) of 131I-iodide therapy (RIT) in differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The probability of progressive disease according to CDs was evaluated in patients < 45 years old and &gt; 45 years old and correlated to tumor-node-metastasis (TNM), thyroglobulin values, histological types and variants, age, and zduration of the disease. RESULTS: At the end of a follow-up period of 69 ± 56 months, 85 out of 150 DTC patients submitted to fixed doses RIT had no evidence of disease, 47 had stable disease and 18 had progressive disease. Higher CDs were used in the more aggressive variants (p < 0.0001), higher TNM stages (p < 0.0001), and follicular carcinomas (p = 0.0034). Probability of disease progression was higher with CDs &gt; 600 mCi in patients &gt; 45 years old and with CDs &gt; 800 mCi in patients < 45 years. CONCLUSION: Although some patients may still respond to high CDs, the impact of further RIT should be carefully evaluated and other treatment strategies may be warranted.OBJETIVO: Avaliar a eficácia de doses cumulativas (DCs) da terapia com iodeto-131I (RIT) no câncer diferenciado de tiroide (CDT). SUJEITOS E MÉTODOS: A probabilidade de doença em progressão conforme a DC foi calculada em pacientes com idade < 45 e &gt; 45 anos e correlacionada com o TNM, valores de tiroglobulina sérica, tipos histológicos e variantes, idade e tempo de doença. RESULTADOS: Ao final de um seguimento de 69 ± 56 meses, 85 dos 150 pacientes CDT submetidos a doses fixas de RIT não tinham evidência de doença, 47 tinham doença estável e 18, doença progressiva. DCs mais elevadas foram usadas nas variantes agressivas (p < 0,0001), maior estágio TNM (p < 0,0001) e nos carcinomas foliculares (p = 0,0034). A probabilidade de doença em progressão foi maior com DCs &gt; 600 mCi em pacientes &gt; 45 anos e com DCs &gt; 800 mCi em pacientes < 45 anos. CONCLUSÃO: Apesar de alguns pacientes ainda responderem a altas DCs, o impacto de RITs deve ser cuidadosamente avaliado e outras estratégias terapêuticas devem ser consideradas.80781

Cumulative Doses Of Radioiodine In The Treatment Of Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma: Knowing When To Stop.

Evaluate the efficacy of cumulative doses (CDs) of 131I-iodide therapy (RIT) in differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). The probability of progressive disease according to CDs was evaluated in patients 45 years old and correlated to tumor-node-metastasis (TNM), thyroglobulin values, histological types and variants, age, and zduration of the disease. At the end of a follow-up period of 69 ± 56 months, 85 out of 150 DTC patients submitted to fixed doses RIT had no evidence of disease, 47 had stable disease and 18 had progressive disease. Higher CDs were used in the more aggressive variants (p 600 mCi in patients > 45 years old and with CDs > 800 mCi in patients < 45 years. Although some patients may still respond to high CDs, the impact of further RIT should be carefully evaluated and other treatment strategies may be warranted.54807-1

UNIVERSO EM UMA GOTA D'ÁGUA: PERCURSO DE ENSINO INVESTIGATIVO ACERCA DE ECOSSISTEMAS AQUÁTICOS

Different learning and teaching strategies have been adopted in Brazil so that Science can go beyond the teaching process as well as becomes a source of development and competence to the students; all according to the changes occurred in the 21st century. This research is based on conception, study application and data analysis of a didactic exploratory study concerning the role of unicellular algae in the food chain of aquatic ecosystems. It has been applied to 8th grade students from middle school in their final years, around August and September of 2021. The didactic structure is proceeding from constructivism and social interactionism theories. During the whole investigative studying path, the students were challenged to hold up their previous knowledge on the topics and they could also share them in class on the target subjects. Over the survey procedure, there was a notable growing in terms of the pupils understanding about the function of unicellular algae, thus showing qualifications in their capacity to express, argue and apply the developed concepts. When compared, their prior answers demonstrate meaningful conceptual changes upon the photosynthesizing function of microalgae, such as its fundamental role in the food chain, thus contributing to the proposed didactic sequence as an efficient strategy for teaching and learning about the functioning of aquatic ecosystems in Middle School.Diferentes estratégias de ensino e aprendizagem têm sido adotadas no país para que o ensino de Ciências Naturais ultrapasse a transmissão de conteúdos e se torne, de fato, um meio para o desenvolvimento de habilidades e competências nos estudantes, coerentes com as transformações do século XXI. Este estudo baseia-se construção, aplicação e análise de dados de uma sequência didática de ensino por investigação – acerca do papel das algas unicelulares na cadeia alimentar de ecossistemas aquáticos – aplicada a estudantes do 8º ano do ensino fundamental entre agosto e setembro de 2021. A sequência didática possui como fundamento teórico construtivismo o sociointeracionismo. Antes, durante e após o momento investigativo, os estudantes foram desafiados a aplicar os seus conhecimentos prévios e partilhá-los em aula em torno de uma questão-problema. Nesse percurso, verificou-se aumento significativo da compreensão dos estudantes acerca da função das algas unicelulares, evidenciando qualificações em suas capacidades de expressão, argumentação e aplicação dos conceitos desenvolvidos. A comparação das respostas aos formulários de sondagem de conhecimentos prévios e posterior à aplicação da atividade investigativa demonstrou mudanças conceituais significativas nos estudantes acerca da função fotossintetizante das microalgas, bem como seu papel fundamental na cadeia alimentar, contribuindo, assim, para que a sequência didática proposta se constitua como uma estratégia eficiente de ensino e aprendizagem acerca do funcionamento de ecossistemas aquáticos no Ensino Fundamental

Bibliometric Study: Analysis Of Scientific Productions On Balanced Scorecard In The Public Sector

With the evolution of management practices, new management methods and tools were adopted in public entities in order to optimize the delivery of services to their steakholders. In this scenario, the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) offers an important tool to assist in the strategic management of public entities. Therefore, this work aims to generate a bibliometric analysis of the scientific production on the BSC tool in the public sector in the period of five years (2014-2018), to clarify the functionalities and to survey data through the Web Database of Science. The procedure to perform this review of scientific production involved, initially, access to the database, followed by research by the terms "BSC and Government" and "BSC and Public Management". Afterwards, they were exported and ordered in the matrix in order to perform the analysis of the elements obtained. The methodology used was of a descriptive and quantitative nature. The main results emphasize that the production registered in the database used is scarce, observing that only 27 publications were found in the studied temporal cutout. It also indicates that, in the range comprised, the Brazilian production was on a large scale together with the Australian and Portuguese production equated to other countries contained in the research and, finally, that there is an inconstancy in the publication of articles related to this subject. This article is structured as follows: introduction, theoretical reference, methodology, results and discussions and conclusion

PERFIL DA VIOLÊNCIA QUE VITIMA CRIANÇAS NO ESTADO DA BAHIA, SEGUNDO REGISTROS DO SISTEMA DE GERENCIAMENTO ESTATÍSTICO (SGE) DA SECRETARIA DE SEGURANÇA PÚBLICA

Introdução: Estatísticas sobre violência em criança expõem apenas uma parte da realidade, embora os indicadores sejam alarmantes, fazendo deste problema uma preocupação mundial. Objetivo: analisar informações sobre violência perpetrada em crianças, utilizando o Sistema de informação da Secretaria de Segurança Pública/Estado da Bahia. Metodologia: Estudo de série histórica das ocorrências violentas em crianças (0 a 11 anos), em todos os municípios do Estado, divididos por densidade populacional: Salvador/capital; municípios com menos de 100 mil habitantes; municípios com mais de 100 mil habitantes. Utilizaram se registros do Sistema de Gerenciamento Estatístico (SGE), período 2008-2014. Resultados: a maioria dos 16.466 registros era de violência física/VF (47,6%), seguida da sexual/ VS (34,6%) e psicológica/VP (17,4%). Salvador apresentou as maiores taxas no período, enquanto as menores foram observadas nos municípios com menos de 100 mil habitantes. O risco de uma criança de Salvador ser vítima de violência foi maior, comparado aos demais municípios. Conclusão: O SGE permitiu caracterizar as principais formas de violência praticada em crianças, apontando a magnitude do problema na Bahia, entretanto os prejuízos relacionados à captação e qualidade dos dados dificultaram o detalhamento de informações imprescindíveis à adoção de ações de proteção e atendimento às vítimas, medidas legais e atuação jurídicosocial de prevenção às recidivas.AbstractIntroduction: Statistics on violence expose only part of the reality, although the indicators are alarming, making this problem a global concern. Objective: to analyze information about violence perpetrated in children, using the Information System of the Department of Public Security\State of Bahia. Methodology: historical series study of violent occurrences in children (0 to 11 years old), in all municipalities of the State, divided by population density: Salvador\capital; municipalities with less than 100 thousand inhabitants; municipalities with more than 100 thousand inhabitants. Records of the Statistical Management System (SGE), period 2008-2014, were used. Results: most of the 16,466 records were of physical violence (PV) (47.6%), followed by sexual/SV (34.6%) and psychological/VP (17.4%). Salvador presented the highest rates in the period, while the lowest were observed in municipalities with lessthan 100 thousand inhabitants. The risk of a child from Salvador being a victim of violence was higher compared to other municipalities. Conclusion: the SGE allowed to characterize the main forms of violence practiced in children, pointing out the magnitude of the problem in Bahia, however the losses related to the capture and quality of the data made it difficult to detail the information essential to the adoption of actions of protection and assistance to the victims, measures legal and social legal action of relapse prevention

Prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in Brazil : baseline of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil)

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Dyslipidemia is a pivotal risk factor for coronary heart disease (CHD). The purpose of this study was to identify the profile of dyslipidemia in a Brazilian population, according to high low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) levels. We used the classification of the 2004 update of National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP-III). METHODS: Of the 15,105 men and women aged 35 to 74 years enrolled in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil), we included 14,648 subjects (97%). They had data to categorize them according to the NCEP-ATP-III criteria. We compared 4 categories: ‘‘0–1’’ risk factors, ‘‘2 or more risk factors’’, ‘‘CHD or CHD risk equivalent’’, and ‘‘CHD at very high risk’’. The sociodemographic determinants used were sex, age, ethnicity, income, education, and health insurance. Poisson regression was used to estimate the prevalence ratios for cholesterol (LDL-C), frequency, awareness, treatment, and control of high LDL-C

Cumulative doses of radioiodine in the treatment of differentiated thyroid carcinoma: knowing when to stop Doses cumulativas de iodo radioativo no tratamento do carcinoma diferenciado de tireoide: sabendo a hora de parar

ABSTRACT Objective: Evaluate the efficacy of cumulative doses (CDs) of 131 I-iodide therapy (RIT) in differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). Subjects and methods: The probability of progressive disease according to CDs was evaluated in patients ≤ 45 years old and &gt; 45 years old and correlated to tumor-node-metastasis (TNM), thyroglobulin values, histological types and variants, age, and zduration of the disease. Results: At the end of a follow-up period of 69 ± 56 months, 85 out of 150 DTC patients submitted to fixed doses RIT had no evidence of disease, 47 had stable disease and 18 had progressive disease. Higher CDs were used in the more aggressive variants (p &lt; 0.0001), higher TNM stages (p &lt; 0.0001), and follicular carcinomas (p = 0.0034). Probability of disease progression was higher with CDs ≥ 600 mCi in patients &gt; 45 years old and with CDs ≥ 800 mCi in patients ≤ 45 years. Conclusion: Although some patients may still respond to high CDs, the impact of further RIT should be carefully evaluated and other treatment strategies may be warranted