Book Review: Creativity and Collaborative Learning: The Practical Guide to Empowering Students, Teachers, and Families, 2nd edition

Editor: Jacqueline S. Thousand, Richard A. Villa, & Ann I. Nevin Reviewer: Katherine T. Ratliffe Publisher: Brookes, 2002 ISBN: 1-55766-578-8 Cost: $49.95 US

Book Review: Culture and Disability: Providing Culturally Competent Services

Editor: John H. Stone Reviewer: Katherine T. Ratliffe Publisher: Sage, 2005 Paper, ISBN: 9870-7619-3084-6, 272 pages Cost: $39.95, US

Reviews of teaching/learning resources

Books COMMUNICATE! By Rudolph F. Verderber. Belmont, California: Wadsworth Publishing Co., Inc., 1975; pp. 246; Instructor's Manual, pp. 65. $5.95 paper. EASY-TO-MAKE-PUPPETS. By Joyce Luckin. Photographs by Livia Rolandini. Boston: Plays, Inc., 1975; pp. 48.$4.95, paper. CHILDREN AND DRAMA. By Nellie Mc-Caslin. New York: David McKay Company, Inc., 1975; pp. v+193. $4.95, paper. TRUE, FALSE, OR IN BETWEEN: AN ELECTIVE COURSE IN LOGICAL THINKING. By Donald A. Hiatt. Lexington, Mass.: Ginn and Company, 1975; pp. 140.$2.00, paper. Teacher's Guide, pp. 44. $1.50, paper. INTIMATE COMMUNICATION. By Gerald M. Phillips and Nancy J. Metzger. Boston, Mass.: Allyn and Bacon, Inc., 1975; pp. x+412.$8.95. PROCEEDINGS OF THE CONFERENCE ON INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION AND TEACHER EDUCATION. Eds. Nemi C. Jain and Richard L. Cummings. Milwaukee Urban Observatory: University of Wisconsin at Milwaukee, 1975; 148 pp. $450, paper. TEACHING ELEMENTARY LANGUAGE ARTS. By Dorothy Rubin. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1975; pp. vii+452.$10.95. TREASURY OF TEACHING ACTIVITIES FOR ELEMENTARY LANGUAGE ARTS. By Richard A. Thompson. West Nyack, New York: Parker Publishing Company, Inc., 1975; pp. v+263. $9.95. CREATIVE DRAMATICS FOR THE CLASSROOM TEACHER. By Ruth Beall Heining and Lyda Stillwell. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Pientice-Hall, Inc., 1974; pp. xiii+ 285.$8.95. INTERPERSONAL CONFLICT RESOLUTION by Alan C. Filley. Glenview, Ill.: Scott, Fores-man, 1975; pp. 322. Paper, $4.75

Pharmacokinetics of Intravenous, Intramuscular, Oral, and Transdermal Administration of Flunixin Meglumine in Pre-wean Piglets

Castration and tail-docking of pre-wean piglets are common procedures that are known to induce pain and would benefit from pain mitigation. Flunixin meglumine (FM) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug currently approved in the United States for pyrexia in swine and lameness pain in cattle. The objective of this study was to establish the pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters resulting from intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM), oral (PO) and transdermal (TD) administration of FM in pre-wean piglets. FM was administered to thirty-nine pre-wean piglets at a target dose of 2.2 mg/kg for IV and IM and 3.3 mg/kg for PO and TD route. Plasma was collected at twenty-seven time points from 0 to 9 days after FM administration and concentrations were determined using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS). Pharmacokinetic data were analyzed using noncompartmental analysis (NCA) methods and nonlinear mixed-effects (NLME). Initial plasma concentration for IV (C0) 11,653 μg/L and mean peak plasma concentrations (Cmax) 6,543 μg/L (IM), 4,883 μg/L (PO), and 31.5 μg/L (TD) were measured. The time points of peak FM concentrations (tmax) were estimated 30 min, 1 h, and 24 h for IM, PO, and TD, respectively. The bioavailability (F) of PO and IM FM was estimated at >99%, while the bioavailability of TD FM was estimated to be 7.8%. The reported Cmax of FM after IM and PO administration is consistent with therapeutic concentration ranges that mitigate pain in other species and adult pigs. However, the low estimated concentration of FM after TD dosing is not expected to mitigate pain in pre-wean piglets. The low F of TD FM suggests that expanding the surface area of application is unlikely to be sufficient to establish an effective TD dose for pain, while the high bioavailability for PO FM should allow for an effective dose regimen to be established.This article is published as Kittrell, Heather C., Jonathan P. Mochel, Justin T. Brown, Anna Marie K. Forseth, Kristen P. Hayman, Suzanne M. Rajewski, Johann F. Coetzee et al. "Pharmacokinetics of intravenous, intramuscular, oral, and transdermal administration of flunixin meglumine in pre-wean piglets." Frontiers in Veterinary Science 7 (2020): 586. DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.00586. Copyright 2020 Kittrell, Mochel, Brown, Forseth, Hayman, Rajewski, Coetzee, Schneider, Ratliffe, Skoland and Karriker. Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0). Posted with permission