A Lightweight McEliece Cryptosystem Co-processor Design

Due to the rapid advances in the development of quantum computers and their susceptibility to errors, there is a renewed interest in error correction algorithms. In particular, error correcting code-based cryptosystems have reemerged as a highly desirable coding technique. This is due to the fact that most classical asymmetric cryptosystems will fail in the quantum computing era. Quantum computers can solve many of the integer factorization and discrete logarithm problems efficiently. However, code-based cryptosystems are still secure against quantum computers, since the decoding of linear codes remains as NP-hard even on these computing systems. One such cryptosystem is the McEliece code-based cryptosystem. The original McEliece code-based cryptosystem uses binary Goppa code, which is known for its good code rate and error correction capability. However, its key generation and decoding procedures have a high computation complexity. In this work we propose a design and hardware implementation of an public-key encryption and decryption co-processor based on a new variant of McEliece system. This co-processor takes the advantage of the non-binary Orthogonal Latin Square Codes to achieve much smaller computation complexity, hardware cost, and the key size.Comment: 2019 Boston Area Architecture Workshop (BARC'19

Post-quantum cryptographic hardware primitives

The development and implementation of post-quantum cryptosystems have become a pressing issue in the design of secure computing systems, as general quantum computers have become more feasible in the last two years. In this work, we introduce a set of hardware post-quantum cryptographic primitives (PCPs) consisting of four frequently used security components, i.e., public-key cryptosystem (PKC), key exchange (KEX), oblivious transfer (OT), and zero-knowledge proof (ZKP). In addition, we design a high speed polynomial multiplier to accelerate these primitives. These primitives will aid researchers and designers in constructing quantum-proof secure computing systems in the post-quantum era.Published versio

A lightweight McEliece cryptosystem co-processor design

Due to the rapid advances in the development of quantum computers and their susceptibility to errors, there is a renewed interest in error correction algorithms. In particular, error correcting code-based cryptosystems have reemerged as a highly desirable coding technique. This is due to the fact that most classical asymmetric cryptosystems will fail in the quantum computing era. Quantum computers can solve many of the integer factorization and discrete logarithm problems efficiently. However, code-based cryptosystems are still secure against quantum computers, since the decoding of linear codes remains as NP-hard even on these computing systems. One such cryptosystem is the McEliece code-based cryptosystem. The original McEliece code-based cryptosystem uses binary Goppa code, which is known for its good code rate and error correction capability. However, its key generation and decoding procedures have a high computation complexity. In this work we propose a design and hardware implementation of an public-key encryption and decryption co-processor based on a new variant of McEliece system. This co-processor takes the advantage of the non-binary Orthogonal Latin Square Codes to achieve much smaller computation complexity, hardware cost, and the key size.Published versio

HRV ANALYSIS USING ECG AS DATA SOURCE

Heart Rate Variability (HRV) is a physical phenomenon where the time interval between heart beats varies. It is measured by the variation in the beat to beat interval. Abnormalities present in the time interval between R wave peaks in the Electro-cardiogram (ECG) indicate cardiac dysfunction. Autonomic Nervous System controls the cardiac activity of the body and provides the beat to beat regulation of the cardiovascular system. Thus Heart Rate Variability is an important tool to access autonomic function also. The source for HRV is a continuous beat to beat measurement of interbeat intervals. An ECG signal can be used as the data source for HRV analysis. In this study the HRV data is obtained from ECG signal and is processed to calculate spectral HRV index, LF/HF ratio

Does trade liberalization promote regional disparities? Evidence from a multiregional CGE model of India

YesOver last few decades, there has been a growing interest among researchers in understanding the link between trade liberalization and regional disparities within the context of an individual country. In this study, we develop the first ever single-country multiregional Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model for the Indian economy to investigate this linkage. Overall our results suggest that, in the short run, trade liberalization has a beneficial impact on the rich and fast-growing middle-income states and a marginal or negative impact on the poor states

A note on natural population levels of Phthirapteran species on sheep at district Rampur (U. P.), India

A look on the available literature indicated that population characteristics of Phthiraptera on Indian sheep deserved investigation. Two hundred sheep were sampled to reveal the population levels of phthirapteran species on sheep in the district Rampur (U.P.). Three phthirapteran species were recovered (Bovicola ovis Schrank, the facelouse, Linognathus ovillus Neumann and the foot louse of sheep, Linognathus pedalis Osborn). The prevalence to Phthiraptera on sheep was 26.5%, (n= 200) during 2007. The difference in the prevalence of Phthiraptera on two sexes of sheep was not found significant at 5% level. Likewise, the difference in the prevalence of phthirapteran species on young, adult and older sheep was also insignificant at 5% level. The prevalence and intensity of infestation of Phthiraptera were found significantly correlated (at 5% level) to mean monthly temperature. The correlation between prevalence and relative humidity was not found significant at 5% level. The present report provides first information on the population characteristics of phthirapteran ectoparasites infesting Indian sheep

Impact of radio Siddhartha community radiostation on the integrated development of Tumkur taluk - A Sociological study

In the Indian context community radio has great possibilities of creatingimpact on society. India being a country of villages,rural populationbeing predominantly engaged in different categories of employment,find it convenient to listen to the radio for both information andentertainment. Such a need can be effectively satisfied by the communityradio stations. Our study focuses on understanding how the programmesare designed and their impact on the community of Tumkur taluk. Thestudy was conducted in Tumkur taluk of Tumkur district in Karnatakastate. Tumkur was selected because the community radio station servicesare reaching the people through direct broadcasting, narrowcastingand web streaming in this taluk. 80 respondents were selectedpurposively for the study through non-probability sampling technique.Questionnaire and interview schedules were used for data collection.The overall impact of community radio indicated that more changeshave occurred in lifestyle and local culture of the respondents. Thiskind of research would help the researchers to understand howcommunity radio plays an important role in integrated development

Clinical study of factors affecting outcome of tubal recanalization using microsurgical techniques: a retrospective study

Background: In India, many couples complete their families by the age of 25 to 30 years and opt for tubal sterilization as a method of family planning in spite of availability of other spacing methods. Due to unforeseen circumstances, 10 % of them regret their decision and about 1% want to restore their fertility due to various reasons like loss of only child, loss of male child, desire to have more children, loss of children in natural calamities, remarriage and other socioeconomic factors. The objective of the present study was to analyze various factors which are involved in pregnancy rate in tubal recanalization.Methods: 31 women undergoing microsurgical tubal recanalization by mini laparotomy in RRMCH, Bengaluru during a study period of 2 year from 2014 -2016 were followed up for a period of 2 years by telephonic conversation.Results: An overall 67.7 % pregnancy rate was achieved with microsurgery technique.Conclusions: The important factors determining the success of operation were age of the patient, method of previous ligation and the remaining length of tube after recanalization. The microsurgical technique should be available at specialized centres to improve the success of family planning services and also this could be the hope for hopeless

ASSESSMENT OF LEVELS OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN PERIMENOPAUSAL WOMEN

Aim: Various physical, psychological and hormonal changes during the perimenopause may affect their quality of life. It results in Joint pain, stiffness and urinary incontinence may limit the ability to take the exercise and to socialize. Poor sleep and mood changes can have an impact on women`s ability to work effectively. Objective: To categories level of physical activity in terms of light, moderate and vigorous through RAPA scale. Methodology: Questionnaire based survey was carried out in 100 perimenopausal women aged 45 to 55 years. After the anthropometric and demographic assessment RAPA was administered and then data was analyzed. Result: Out of 100 subjects only 17 women were categorized as active with moderate physical activity for 30 minutes on 5 or more days of week and 10 did vigorous physical activity for 20 minutes for 3 or more days a week and were called as active. Out of the 10 active only 4 did flexibility and no strengthening. Conclusion: Only 10 perimenopausal women could reach second level of RAPA. 22 were eliminated in question no. 1 i.e. they were inactive apart from daily household activities . KEY WORDS: Perimenopausal women; Rapid Assessment of Physical Activity