Patterns of language choice in the education domain: The Malaysian context

With Malaysia being a multilingual, multicultural and multiracial country, it is not surprising that everyone in Malaysia speaks at least two or more languages. Such a multilingual situation leads people to choose and use different languages for different purposes in different domains. Even within a single domain the choice of language varies on contexts, topics and participants. The purpose of this study was thus to investigate the patterns of language choice and use in the domain of education in Malaysia and also to investigate what influences this choice. The study examined the patterns of language choice among UPM(University Putra Malaysia) undergraduates through a questionnaire survey and the data was analyzed. The findings reveal that language choice in education varies on sub-domains. It is also found that language proficiency, ethnicity, gender, and discipline of study constrain the choice and use of language

Telehealth in Yemen: An overview and a proposed model

Yemen’s Health sector has grown significantly gauged from the increasing number of hospitals, health units, health centers, beds and medical staff. Despite the country's direction towards the health sector development and improvement, Yemen ranked poorly in all central factors of health services and access.This paper aims to propose a high level telehealth model which is peculiar to Yemen in terms of its existing health services, culture, geography and ICT readiness.In achieving the aim, a series of interview and document study were conducted to access its ICT potential-infrastructure;rural communication; and available manpower and skill set. It is hoped that implementation of the framework will be able to address the issue

What determines the choice of language with friends and neighbors? the case of Malaysian university undergraduates.

Bi-/multilingual people exercise choices of language among the languages of their linguistic repertoire for different purposes in different domains. The choice is determined by various factors such as ethnicity, proficiency, attitudes, socio-cultural background, language policy, and in particular, the domain itself.Malaysia being a multilingual country, what languages are chosen with friends and relatives, and what determines the choice constitute the main objectives of this paper.Data for this paper was collected through a questionnaire survey administered to a sample of university undergraduates and analyzed those using SPSS. The findings show that respondents from the major ethnic groups preferred their respective ethnic languages with friends and neighbours of the same ethnic backgrounds but choice of Bahasa Malaysia (BM) among the non-Malays and choice for English among respondents irrespective of ethnicity increase while the interlocutors belong to other ethnic backgrounds. Ethnicity, proficiency and domain of use were found to be contributing factors of language choice with friends and neighbours in Malaysia

Numerical estimation of thermal radiation effects on Marangoni Convection of dusty fluid

In this paper, numerical solutions to thermally radiating Marangoni convection of dusty fluid flow along a vertical wavy surface are established. The results are obtained with the understanding that the dust particles are of uniform size and dispersed in optically thick fluid. The numerical solutions of the dimensionless transformed equations are obtained through straightforward implicit finite difference scheme. In order to analyze the influence of various controlling parameters, results are displayed in the form of rate of heat transfer, skin friction coeffcient, velocity and temperature profiles, streamlines and isotherms. It is observed that the variation in thermal radiation parameter significantly alters the corresponding particle pattern and extensively promotes the heat transfer rate

Natural convection of gas along a vertical wavy surface with effect of variable thermophysical properties

The intent of this paper is to establish the detailed parametric study for laminar natural convection ow along a vertical wavy plate. Typical sinusoidal surface is used to elu- cidate the heat transport phenomena for the gas having variable thermophysical properties. From the present analysis, we will interrogate whether the presence of roughness element disturbs the gas ow and alter the physical characteristics associates with the wavy surface or not? The numerical solutions are obtained after converting the governing equations into a suitable coordinate system. The results are interpreted for the parameters which emerge from the temperature dependent physical properties of the gases and transverse curvature of the surface. In order to ensure the accuracy, the present numerical results are also compared with some special cases and are found in good agreement. The key observation from the present analysis is that the amplitude of wavy surface parameter, a contributes in reduction of heat transfer rate

HVDC grids protection systems - algorithms and circuit breakers

The protection issues surrounding multiterminal High Voltage Direct Cur- rent (MT-HVDC) grids based on Voltage Source Converters (VSC) are ex- amined in this thesis, with an emphasis on the function of hybrid HVDC circuit breakers in reducing DC-side faults. The study emphasises how im- portant it is to isolate and detect faults quickly, accurately, and specifically as HVDC networks become more intricate as a result of the growing inte- gration of renewable energy sources. The study evaluates the performance of hybrid HVDC circuit breakers under various fault scenarios by compre- hensive modelling and simulation using Simulink, demonstrating their ef- ficiency in shortening fault clearing times and improving system stability. Undervoltage, overcurrent, and current/voltage derivative-based fault de- tection algorithms are compared, and the results show that voltage-based techniques perform better in high-resistance fault scenarios.Hybrid HVDC circuit breakers, which combine the reliability of mechanical disconnectors with the speed of solid-state devices, are identified as a promising solu- tion for modern MT-HVDC grids. This research contributes valuable insights into the design and application of hybrid HVDC circuit breakers and protection algorithms, showing that they significantly improve the operational safety and reliability of HVDC grids. Future studies ought to concentrate on lowering power losses that occur during regular operations and improving the scalability of hybrid HVDC circuit breaker designs for bigger grids. It is projected that improvements in self-triggering mechanisms and circuit breaker technology will further reduce conduction losses and speed up operation. Furthermore, the inte- gration of machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) into fault detection algorithms presents a promising opportunity to enhance detec- tion efficiency and precision, all the while accommodating dynamic grid conditions. The effect of communication latency on problem detection may be lessened by investigating communication-independent protection systems, such as travelling wave-based methods. For a viable deployment, extensive testing and validation in real HVDC grid environments are nec- essary, and complicated failure scenarios should be simulated in order to better inform future implementations.By addressing these issues, HVDC grid protection will be improved, along with system efficiency, depend- ability, and capacity to handle the increasing needs of renewable energy integration

Two-phase Natural Convection Dusty Nanofluid Flow

An analysis is performed to study the two-phase natural convection flow of nano fluid along a vertical wavy surface. The model includes equations expressing conservation of total mass, momentum and thermal energy for two-phase nano fluid. Primitive variable formulations (PVF) are used to transform the dimensionless boundary layer equations into a convenient coordinate system and the resulting equations are integrated numerically via implicit finite difference iterative scheme. The effect of controlling parameters on the dimensionless quantities such as skin friction coefficient, rate of heat transfer and rate of mass transfer is explored. It is concluded from the present analysis, that the diffusivity ratio parameter, N_A and particle-density increment number, N_B have pronounced influence on the reduction of heat transfer rate

Devonian crustal stretching in the northern Tasmanides (Australia) and implications for oroclinal bending

The Tasmanides in eastern Australia exhibit a number of orogenic curvatures (oroclines), and possibly, a continental-scale bend that defines the continuation of the Delamerian Orogen with the Thomson Orogen. We provide an insight into the geodynamic processes associated with the origin of this orocline. We present interpretations of seismic reflection profiles and potential field data from the Thomson Orogen, which provide information on the crustal architecture and unravel major structures and kinematic relationships. Results show that a large area in the northern Tasmanides is underlain by thinned crust, bounded in the north and south by ~E-W trending geophysical features with apparent sinistral and dextral sense of kinematics, respectively. Within the highly extended crust of the Thomson Orogen, there is evidence for widespread Devonian basins bounded by normal faults. In stark contrast to the southern Tasmanides, where rocks show evidence for an earlier (Silurian) episode of extension and Devonian contractional deformation, no evidence for Silurian synrift sedimentation is observed in the Thomson Orogen. Evidence for ~E-W trending sinistral and dextral crustal-scale shear zones in the northern and southern boundaries of the Thomson Orogen, respectively, may represent tear faults, which were active during the Early Devonian and were possibly accompanied by tear-related magmatism. We suggest that crustal stretching in the northern Tasmanides was associated with Devonian back-arc extension in response to trench retreat, bounded by zones of slab-tearing and crustal segmentation that ultimately led to the development of the Delamerian-Thomson Orocline