Madwomen and Resistance: Gender and Self-Harm in Romantic and Victorian Literature

Literature of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries was concerned with madness. However, relatively little research has been done to indicate how supposed “madwomen” escaped patriarchal control. This thesis will analyze madwomen from the late eighteenth to mid-nineteenth centuries and will argue that suicide appears in literature as the sole way that “mad” characters can resist patriarchal control. I examine the impact of self-harm and suicide in Mary Wollstonecraft’s Maria or the Wrongs of Woman; John Keats’s “Isabella and the Pot of Basil”; and Charlotte Bronte’s Jane Eyre. I connect self-harm to the desire to escape patriarchal control that is evident in literature of the Pre- Romantic, Romantic, and Victorian eras. I use social and medical contexts to consider the patriarchal biases present in eighteenth- and nineteenth-century society and put those biases in the context of literature

The Lights Are Too Loud: Neurodivergence in the Student Affairs Profession

Much of the current scholarly literature on neurodiversity in higher education tends to focus solely on the experiences of neurodiverse students. There is a significant gap in the literature that highlights how neurodiverse professionals survive and thrive in careers in higher education. Utilizing the Scholarly Personal Narrative (SPN) Methodology, this paper aims to address the current literature gap by using the existing research, coupled with the author\u27s personal experiences, to emphasize the unique needs of neurodiverse people on college campuses. The author offers recommendations for stakeholders in higher education to create equitable and accessible spaces for neurodiverse people on campus. By highlighting the unique needs of neurodiverse people in higher education, the paper aims to validate and amplify their experiences in the higher education sphere

Medium and long-term adherence to postabortion contraception among women having experienced unsafe abortion in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Postabortion contraceptive service is considered an effective means in addressing the problem of unsafe abortion; in spite this fact this component remains one of the weakest parts of postabortion care. In this context, the paper aims to describe the impact of a postabortion contraceptive service intervention among women admitted with complications from unsafe abortions and to explore the women's long-term contraceptive adherence.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>392 women having experienced unsafe abortion were identified by an empathetic approach and offered postabortion contraceptive service, which included counselling on HIV and condom use. Questionnaire interviews about contraceptive use were conducted at the time of inclusion and 12 months after the abortion. Additionally, in-depth interviews were performed 6–12 months after the abortion.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Eighty-nine percent of the women accepted postabortion contraception. Follow-up information was obtained 12 months after the abortion among 59 percent of the women. Among these, 79 percent of the married women and 84 percent of the single women stated they were using contraception at 12 months. Condom use among the single women increased significantly during the 12 months follow up.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Postabortion contraceptive services appear to be well accepted by women who are admitted with complications after an unsafe abortion and should thus be recognized as an important means in addressing the problem of unsafe abortion. In addition, counselling about HIV and condom use should be considered an essential aspect of postabortion care.</p

Large thermomagnetic effects in weakly disordered Heisenberg chains

The interplay of different scattering mechanisms can lead to novel effects in transport. We show theoretically that the interplay of weak impurity and Umklapp scattering in spin-1/2 chains leads to a pronounced dip in the magnetic field dependence of the thermal conductivity $\kappa$ at a magnetic field $B \sim T$. In sufficiently clean samples, the reduction of the magnetic contribution to heat transport can easily become larger than 50% and the effect is predicted to exist even in samples with a large exchange coupling, J >> B, where the field-induced magnetization is small. Qualitatively, our theory might explain dips at $B \sim T$ observed in recent heat transport measurements on copper pyrazine dinitrate, but a fully quantitative description is not possible within our model.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figure

User and provider perspectives on emergency obstetric care in a Tanzanian rural setting: A qualitative analysis of the three delays model in a field study

The aim of this field study was to analyze the main dynamics and conflicts in attending and providing good quality delivery care in a local Tanzanian rural setting. The women and their relatives did not see the problems of pregnancy and birth in isolation but in relation to multiple other problems they were facing in the context of poverty. Local health professionals were aware of the poor quality of care at health facilities but were still blaming the community. The study describes the difficulties within the conceptual framework of thewidely used “three delays model”to disentangle different perspectives and to identify a feasible strategy of action to improve access to timely and effective emergency obstetric care. There seems to be a need for a supplementary analytic model that more clearly has the health system as the central agent responsible for improving maternal health. A modified “actantial model is suggested for that purpose

Cultural Basis of Sport Anglersˈ Response to Reduced Lake Trout Catch Limits

The cultural domain of southeastern Wisconsin anglers along Lake Michigan was assessed from responses to a state‐proposed reduction in the daily allowable catch of lake trout Salvelinus namaycush. The studyˈs baseline was an extensive random survey in 1980 of the areaˈs anglers with respect to Lake Michigan fishery resources. The 1984 lake trout issue was addressed by a restudy involving a small dimensional subsample of 1980 respondents and was cross‐validated with ethnographic interviews. The findings suggest that anglers have responded over time to the stateˈs policy proposals in a manner consistent with a stable value system that is not seriously masked by changes in short‐term attitudes about the fishery. The results further indicate that, once a good cultural data base is established, the sociocultural impacts of proposed fishery policies can be evaluated inexpensively by a restudy approach.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/141485/1/tafs0503.pd

The potential impact of CT-MRI matching on tumor volume delineation in advanced head and neck cancer

To study the potential impact of the combined use of CT and MRI scans on the Gross Tumor Volume (GTV) estimation and interobserver variation. Four observers outlined the GTV in six patients with advanced head and neck cancer on CT, axial MRI, and coronal or sagittal MRI. The MRI scans were subsequently matched to the CT scan. The interobserver and interscan set variation were assessed in three dimensions. The mean CT derived volume was a factor of 1.3 larger than the mean axial MRI volume. The range in volumes was larger for the CT than for the axial MRI volumes in five of the six cases. The ratio of the scan set common (i.e., the volume common to all GTVs) and the scan set encompassing volume (i.e., the smallest volume encompassing all GTVs) was closer to one in MRI (0.3-0.6) than in CT (0.1-0.5). The rest volumes (i.e., the volume defined by one observer as GTV in one data set but not in the other data set) were never zero for CT vs. MRI nor for MRI vs. CT. In two cases the craniocaudal border was poorly recognized on the axial MRI but could be delineated with a good agreement between the observers in the coronal/sagittal MRI. MRI-derived GTVs are smaller and have less interobserver variation than CT-derived GTVs. CT and MRI are complementary in delineating the GTV. A coronal or sagittal MRI adds to a better GTV definition in the craniocaudal directio

Simple model of the rf noise generated by multipacting electrons

A simplified analytical model is developed to predict the spectrum of electric current induced by the multipacting electrons between two parallel electrodes exposed to an rf voltage of fixed amplitude. The model is based on the resonant multipactor theory and makes it possible to calculate the relative spectral amplitudes of electric current at different harmonics and sub-harmonics of the applied rf frequency. The theoretical predictions are confirmed by numerical simulations of multipactor inside a rectangular waveguide. Specifically it is seen that the relative height of the spectral peaks decreases with increasing gap height

Using item response theory to explore the psychometric properties of extended matching questions examination in undergraduate medical education

BACKGROUND: As assessment has been shown to direct learning, it is critical that the examinations developed to test clinical competence in medical undergraduates are valid and reliable. The use of extended matching questions (EMQ) has been advocated to overcome some of the criticisms of using multiple-choice questions to test factual and applied knowledge. METHODS: We analysed the results from the Extended Matching Questions Examination taken by 4th year undergraduate medical students in the academic year 2001 to 2002. Rasch analysis was used to examine whether the set of questions used in the examination mapped on to a unidimensional scale, the degree of difficulty of questions within and between the various medical and surgical specialties and the pattern of responses within individual questions to assess the impact of the distractor options. RESULTS: Analysis of a subset of items and of the full examination demonstrated internal construct validity and the absence of bias on the majority of questions. Three main patterns of response selection were identified. CONCLUSION: Modern psychometric methods based upon the work of Rasch provide a useful approach to the calibration and analysis of EMQ undergraduate medical assessments. The approach allows for a formal test of the unidimensionality of the questions and thus the validity of the summed score. Given the metric calibration which follows fit to the model, it also allows for the establishment of items banks to facilitate continuity and equity in exam standards