O equipamento multifuncional como revitalização da frente ribeirinha em Alburrica, Barreiro

Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Arquitetura, com a especialização em Arquitetura apresentada na Faculdade de Arquitetura da Universidade de Lisboa para obtenção do grau de Mestre.O enquadramento de excelência do Barreiro, numa coexistência constante com o rio Tejo, carateriza-o enquanto lugar único pela evidente singularidade paisagística de uma composição de água, natureza e património, num meio natural que lhe serve de suporte e inspiração para a integração/adaptação de uma futura estrutura edificada. É inequívoco o modo como Alburrica, território peninsular de ambiência aquática a oeste da cidade, veio construindo a simbiose entre a cidade e o meio segundo uma coesão de valores do Homem e da sua ação metamórfica com a paisagem. O despontar da intensa ocupação do território levada a cabo pela atividade industrial e portuária veio redefinir novos contornos para a linha de costa e , consequentemente, suscitar vazios urbanos e áreas obsoletas. Apesar do cenário de obsolescência redutor do lugar, ainda lhe é reconhecido o devido valor e potencial paisagístico e urbano pela população que o mantém bem presente no seu imaginário. Nesse sentido, o Projeto Final centra-se na reinterpretação do principal vazio urbano da frente ribeirinha de Alburrica e na reintegração de novos e atualização de elementos pré-existentes do lugar, de força ou exceção, para a produção de um novo espaço de cidade que reinterprete o rio enquanto paisagem e elemento urbano, para a reconquista da vitalidade urbana e enriquecimento do seu genius loci. O novo equipamento é, portanto, pretexto para uma revitalização da frente de água e restituição do vínculo com a cidade de forma a auferir um novo sentido ao principal componente da paisagem: a água. É intencional produzir um novo facto urbano, valorizador da atmosfera aquática ao incluí-la e fundi-la com o meio urbano, mas, sobretudo, numa arquitetura que a consagre.ABSTRACT: The excellence framework of Barreiro, which is in constant coexistence with the Tagus River, characterizes it as an unique place due to its evident landscape singularity of a composition of water , nature and natural heritage, in a natural environment that serves as a support and inspiration for the integration and adaptation of a future built structure. It is unmistakable how Alburrica, a peninsular territory of an aquatic ambience located on the west side of the city, has been building the symbiosis between the city and the surrounding environment according to a cohesion of values of the man and his metamorphic action with the landscape. The emergence of the intense territorial ocupation in Barreiro, carried out by the industrial and port activity, redifined new coastline's contours and, consequently, raised urban voids and obsolete areas. Despite of the obsolescence scenario, it is still recognized for its value and landscape potential by the population that still keeps it in their imaginary. In this sense, the Final Project focuses on the reinterpretation of the main urban void of Alburrica’s riverfront and the reintegration of new and update of pre-existing elements of the place, of force or exception, to produce a new urban place which reinterprets the river as a landscape and an urban element, in order to reconquer the urban vitality and enrich its genius loci. Therefore, the new equipment is a pretext for a revitalization of the riverfront and restoration of the bond with the city in order to give a new meaning to the main component of the landscape: the water. It is intentional to produce a new urban fact that enhances the aquatic atmosphere by including and merging it with the urban environment, but, above all, in an architecture that consecrates it.N/

Management practices for postdural puncture headache in obstetrics: a prospective, international, cohort study

© 2020 British Journal of AnaesthesiaBackground: Accidental dural puncture is an uncommon complication of epidural analgesia and can cause postdural puncture headache (PDPH). We aimed to describe management practices and outcomes after PDPH treated by epidural blood patch (EBP) or no EBP. Methods: Following ethics committee approval, patients who developed PDPH after accidental dural puncture were recruited from participating countries and divided into two groups, those receiving EBP or no EBP. Data registered included patient and procedure characteristics, headache symptoms and intensity, management practices, and complications. Follow-up was at 3 months. Results: A total of 1001 patients from 24 countries were included, of which 647 (64.6%) received an EBP and 354 (35.4%) did not receive an EBP (no-EBP). Higher initial headache intensity was associated with greater use of EBP, odds ratio 1.29 (95% confidence interval 1.19–1.41) per pain intensity unit increase. Headache intensity declined sharply at 4 h after EBP and 127 (19.3%) patients received a second EBP. On average, no or mild headache (numeric rating score≤3) was observed 7 days after diagnosis. Intracranial bleeding was diagnosed in three patients (0.46%), and backache, headache, and analgesic use were more common at 3 months in the EBP group. Conclusions: Management practices vary between countries, but EBP was more often used in patients with greater initial headache intensity. EBP reduced headache intensity quickly, but about 20% of patients needed a second EBP. After 7 days, most patients had no or mild headache. Backache, headache, and analgesic use were more common at 3 months in patients receiving an EBP

Management practices for postdural puncture headache in obstetrics : a prospective, international, cohort study

Background: Accidental dural puncture is an uncommon complication of epidural analgesia and can cause postdural puncture headache (PDPH). We aimed to describe management practices and outcomes after PDPH treated by epidural blood patch (EBP) or no EBP. Methods: Following ethics committee approval, patients who developed PDPH after accidental dural puncture were recruited from participating countries and divided into two groups, those receiving EBP or no EBP. Data registered included patient and procedure characteristics, headache symptoms and intensity, management practices, and complications. Follow-up was at 3 months. Results: A total of 1001 patients from 24 countries were included, of which 647 (64.6%) received an EBP and 354 (35.4%) did not receive an EBP (no-EBP). Higher initial headache intensity was associated with greater use of EBP, odds ratio 1.29 (95% confidence interval 1.19-1.41) per pain intensity unit increase. Headache intensity declined sharply at 4 h after EBP and 127 (19.3%) patients received a second EBP. On average, no or mild headache (numeric rating score <= 3) was observed 7 days after diagnosis. Intracranial bleeding was diagnosed in three patients (0.46%), and backache, headache, and analgesic use were more common at 3 months in the EBP group. Conclusions: Management practices vary between countries, but EBP was more often used in patients with greater initial headache intensity. EBP reduced headache intensity quickly, but about 20% of patients needed a second EBP. After 7 days, most patients had no or mild headache. Backache, headache, and analgesic use were more common at 3 months in patients receiving an EBP