Neutron Radiography

The field of neutron radiography with special reference to isotopic neutron radiography has been reviewed. Different components viz., sources, collimators, imaging systems are described. Various designs of neutron radiography facilities, their relative merits and demerits , the appropriateness of each design depending on the object to be radiographed, and economics of each technique are also dealt. The applications of neutron radiography are also briefly presented

The effects of rotational flow, viscosity, thickness, and shape on transonic flutter dip phenomena

The transonic flutter dip phenomena on thin airfoils, which are employed for propfan blades, is investigated using an integrated Euler/Navier-Stokes code and a two degrees of freedom typical section structural model. As a part of the code validation, the flutter characteristics of the NACA 64A010 airfoil are also investigated. In addition, the effects of artificial dissipation models, rotational flow, initial conditions, mean angle of attack, viscosity, airfoil thickness and shape on flutter are investigated. The results obtained with a Euler code for the NACA 64A010 airfoil are in reasonable agreement with published results obtained by using transonic small disturbance and Euler codes. The two artificial dissipation models, one based on the local pressure gradient scaled by a common factor and the other based on the local pressure gradient scaled by a spectral radius, predicted the same flutter speeds except in the recovery region for the case studied. The effects of rotational flow, initial conditions, mean angle of attack, and viscosity for the Reynold's number studied seem to be negligible or small on the minima of the flutter dip

Estimation and Determinants of Chronic Poverty in India : An Alternative Approach

The paper conceptualizes chronic poverty by using the spaces of income and nutrition and estimates its incidence among states and social groups. It also aims to improve our understanding of the determinant of chronic poverty by considering economic, demographic and social factors. It attempts to answer the following questions : How important a determinant of chronic poverty is household income? What factors inhibit escape from chronic poverty? How different are the other poor from chronic poor? The analysis uses the unit level NSS and NFHS data.Chrinic Poverty, India

Estimation and determinants of chronic poverty in India: An Alternative approach

The paper conceptualizes chronic poverty by using the spaces of income and nutrition and estimates its incidence among states and social groups. It also aims to improve our understanding of the determinant of chronic poverty by considering economic, demographic and social factors. It attempts to answer the following questions: How important a determinant of chronic poverty is household income? What factors inhibit escape from chronic poverty? How different are the other poor from chronic poor? The analysis uses the unit level NSS and NFHS data.

Synthesis, characterization, antibacterial, antifungal and anthelmintic activities of a new 5-​nitroisatin Schiff base and its metal complexes

The copper (II)​, cobalt (II)​, nickel (II) and zinc (II) complexes of 5 - nitroisatin Schiff base (L) (L = Schiff base derived from 5-​nitroisatin and 2-​methyl-​4-​nitroaniline) were synthesized and characterized. The authenticity of the ligand and its metal complexes has been established by micro anal., IR, NMR, LC​/MS, UV-​VIS and elec. conductance measurements. The ligand acts as a bidentate agent in which the carbonyl oxygen and the azomethine nitrogen of 5-​nitroisatin are involved in co-​ordination. Square planar geometry was proposed for the Cu (II) and Ni (II) complexes and tetrahedral geometry was proposed for the Co (II) and Zn (II) complexes. The ligand and its metal complexes have been screened for antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, etc. and for antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavous, etc. The Schiff base and its complexes were also screened for anthelmintic activity on earthworms. Both samples displayed significant activitie

Development of floating matrix tablets of Ofloxacin and Ornidazole in combined dosage form: in vitro and in vivo evaluation in healthy human volunteers

Ofloxacin (OFX) is a synthetic broad spectrum analog of second generation fluoroquinolone antibiotic. It is used for the treatment of urinary tract, prostate, skin, urinary and respiratory tract infections. Ornidazole (ORN) is a nitroimidazole derivative. It is used in the treatment of bacterial vaginosis, trichomoniasis, amoebiasis, giardiasis and infections due to anaerobic bacteria. These drugs are highly soluble in acidic media and precipitates in alkaline media thereby losing its solubility. Hence we attempted to develop a gastro retentive floating matrix type drug delivery system for Ofloxacin and Ornidazole in combined dosage form with hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) K15M, HPMC K100M and polyethylene oxide 18NF (PEO). The physicochemical compatibility of the drug and the polymers was studied by infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. The results suggested no physicochemical incompatibility between the drug and the polymers. The prepared floating drug delivery systems were evaluated for physicochemical characteristics, mainly in vitro release and in vivo residence time by radiographic studies. The best formulation (F2) was selected based on in vitro release and physicochemical characteristics and used in vivo radiographic studies by incorporating BaSO4. These studies revealed that tablets 300 ± 30 minutes in healthy human volunteers in fasting state and indicated that the gastric retention was increased by floating principle. By fitting the data into zero order, first order and Higuchi models, it was concluded that drug release from matrix tablets followed Higuchi model and the mechanism of drug release was diffusion mediated. Based on the physical evaluation, in vitro drug release and in vivo characteristics, it was concluded that for potential therapeutic use, suitable for the development of a floating drug delivery system of Ofloxacin and Ornidazole in combined dosage form

Studies on the extraction and characterization of thermostable a-amylase from pericarp of Borassus indica

Thermostable a-amylase was extracted and characterized from the fruits (pericarp) of Borassus indica. Analysis on the influence of various physico-chemical parameters on the extracted enzyme revealed a Vmax of 0.793 and a Km of 0.022. The optimum temperature was found to be 370C at pH 4.5. The stability studies on enzyme activity envisaged that the enzyme is stable up to 800C and retained its activity over a wide range of pH (4.0 – 8.5). Significant enhancement in the enzyme activity was observed in the presence of metal ions like Manganese and Strontium and an insignificant decrement in the presence of Sodium ions.African Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 4 (3), pp. 289-291, 200

A splenic hydatid cyst in young female: a case report

Splenic hydatid disease is a rare kind of hydatid disease, accounting for less than 8% of cases in humans. Here we present a case of 23 years old female patient came to hospital with chief complaints of pain radiating to left quadrant in the last 2 years and cough with sputum and nausea and admitted in the hospital for further evaluation. CT chest shows cystic mass in the left hypochondrium lateral to the stomach compressing the stomach, later did CT abdomen which clearly indicates the spleen is enlarged in size with well-defined hypodense non enhancing unilocular cystic lesion measuring 13×13×11 cm (CC×AP×TR) in the upper and mid poles