Electrooptic and viewing angle characteristics of a display device employing a discotic nematic liquid crystal

Recently we developed a novel liquid crystal display device employing discotic nematic material. This device exhibits the following improvements over a conventional twisted nematic (TN) display device using a calamitic nematic material. The device (i) is simple to fabricate and (ii) has excellent viewing angle characteristics showing a wide and symmetric viewing angle profile, (iii) has much less difference in the pixel capacitance between the ON and OFF states resulting in reduced cross talk problem. However the response time of the device is slower than conventional TN devices. An obvious solution to this problem is to reduce the viscosity of the material. To achieve this we have doped, in small concentrations, a long chain alkane compound to the parent room-temperature discotic nematic material. Systematic studies show that both the switch ON and switch OFF response times show a significant decrease, i.e., the device switches faster, in the case of the mixtures. It should be mentioned that wide and symmetric viewing angle characteristics remain unaffected by the addition of the dopant material. However both the switch ON and switch OFF response times are still an order of magnitude slower compared to that of conventional TN devices. Considering the fact that these response times are not very different from those for the STN displays, the achievement of symmetric and wide viewing angle characteristics with a simple fabrication process makes this device quite interesting. To make them attractive enough to be considered for commercial applications new materials with faster response have to be developed. Efforts in this direction are underway in our laboratory

Schlieren textures in free-standing nematic films: evidence of biaxiality

Conoscopic studies reveal that the nematic phase of 4,4-( p -terphenyl)-bis\[2,3,4-tri(dodecyloxy)benzal]imine is biaxial, the biaxial angle increasing with schlieren textures exhibited by the nematic phase have been between glass plates, as well as free-standing consisting entirely of s or 2-brush disclinations, confirming an earlier suggestion that the absence of 4-brush disclinations is evidence of biaxiality. decreasing temperature. The examined. Films sandwiched films, exhibit a nematic schlieren texture

Cryptographic Primitive to Enable a User to Check And Update Integrity Of Outsourced Files In a Cloud Server

We present the idea of deduplicatable powerful evidence of storage and propose a proficient development called DeyPoS, to accomplish dynamic PoS and secure cross-client deduplication, all the while. Thinking about the difficulties of structure decent variety and private label age, we abuse a novel instrument called Homomorphic Authenticated Tree (HAT). We demonstrate the security of our development, and the hypothetical examination and test comes about demonstrate that our development is efficient in practice

Physico-chemical and microbial analysis of water samples in Anakapalli Municipal Corporation

An investigation of microbiological and physico-chemical properties of drinking water samples from five different locations in Anakapalli municipal corporation. The water samples are subject to physico-chemical analysis by standard methods. The microbial isolation was done by a streak plate method on nutrient agar and on selective media for their identification. The final identification was done according to the Bergey’s Manual. The physico-chemical characters of all the five drinking water samples were within the recommended permissible level of WHO. The total plate count was above the WHO guideline values (<10CFU’s/ml) in the five water samples. The highest count was noticed in S5 sample (54 CFU’s/ml). The highest coliform count was observed in S3 samples (11/100 ml). Six isolates of bacteria namely: E.coli, Enterobacter aerogenes, Klebsiella pneumonia, Salmonella, Shigella, and Staphylococcus were isolated, which are highly pathogenic, the result of the study indicates that the water in Andhra University pump houses is highly contaminated and not safe for drinking and utility purposes. The study therefore, stresses on the need to control the fecal pollution of water bodies

A first low-molar-mass, monodispersive, bent-rod dimer exhibiting biaxial nematic and smectic A phases

A "peelable banana" is formed when a bent-core molecule is linked to a rodlike mesogen through a flexible aliphatic spacer. This is an appropriate description of this novel low-molar-mass organic system, which displays a transition from a biaxial nematic (Nb) phase to a biaxial smectic A phase. The illustration gives a schematic representation of the dimeric molecules in the Nb phase as well as the corresponding textural and conoscopic patterns obtained

Quantitative and qualitative assessment of exploitation of juvenile cephalopods from the Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal and determination of minimum legal sizes

Using the minimum size at maturity (MSM) as a biological reference point and relatively low reproductive loads and generation times of the studied animals, the minimum legal sizes (MLS) for the Indian squid Loligo duvauceli, the pharaoh cuttlefish Sepia pharaonis and for the webfoot octopus Octopus membranaceous was fixed at 80, 115 and 45 mm Dorsal Mantle Length (DML) respectively with corresponding minimum legal weights at 25, 150 and 15 g. For L. duvauceli, during 1997-2001, 12.8% of the average catch was constituted by juveniles, the proportion being higher along the west coast. In 2002-05, the proportion of juveniles was lower at 5.3% and the total weights were also much less (1817 t as compared to 5354 t). In the case of S. pharaonis, 6.9% (2281 t) of the catch was constituted by juveniles, but the proportion was very high (22.4%) along the east coast. In O. membranaceous during 2002-04, an estimated 527 t (5.9%) of the total catch comprised of juveniles. The present Lmean in the fishery is lower than the Lopt and their difference is considerably high at 60 mm for L. duvauceli. However, in the case of S. pharaonis this difference is only 10 mm and in the case of O. membranaceous the Lmean is higher than the Lopt. If the juveniles are permitted to grow to Lmean by implementing the MLS, the estimated economic gain is to the tune of Rs. 426 crores per annum. The present study shows that harvest weights can be improved by up to 34 times and would result in higher incomes to trawl fishers

Transition metal saccharide chemistry and biology: syntheses, characterization, solution stability and putative bio-relevant studies of iron-saccharide complexes

A number of Fe(III) complexes of saccharides and their derivatives, and those of ascorbic acid were synthesized, and characterized by a variety of analytical, spectral (FT-IR, UV-Vis, EPR, Mossbauer and EXAFS), magnetic and electrochemical techniques. Results obtained from various methods have shown good correlations. Data obtained from EPR, magnetic susceptibility and EXAFS techniques could be fitted well with the mono-, di- and trinuclear nature of the complexes. The solution stability of these complexes has been established using UV-Vis absorption and cyclic voltammetric techniques as a function of pH of the solution. Mixed valent, Fe(II,III) ascorbate complexes have also been synthesized and characterized. Reductive release of Fe(II) from the complexes using sodium dithionite has been addressed. In vitro absorption of Fe(III)-glucose complex has been studied using everted sacs of rat intestines and the results have been compared with that of simple ferric chloride. Fe(III)-saccharide complexes have shown regular protein synthesis even in hemin-deficient rabbit reticulocyte lysate indicating that these complexes play a role that is equivalent to that played by hemin in order to restore the normal synthesis of protein. These complexes have exhibited enhanced DNA cleavage properties in the presence of hydrogen peroxide with pUC-18 DNA plasmid