CORRELATION OF CONCEPT OF AMA AND FREE RADICAL THEORY

Majority of the endogenous disease begins with the formation of Ama in the body. It has tremendous capacity to vitiate the Doshas and disturbing the homeostasis (Dhatu-samya). Ama is the resultant of improper digestion or partially digestion of the food particle due to hypofunction of Jatharagni and also due to accumulation of mala in the body and also considered as Prathamdoshadusti. It may be considered as partially or incompletely metabolized Dhatu in case of Dhatvagnimandya. In modern parameters, Ama is supposed to be deadly Free radical. Free radical is an atom/molecule that contains one or more unpaired electron, which requires neutralization by free radical scavengers. Ama is not a single entity but is a generalized term, which can be applied to many malformed substances in the body. This Ama is responsible for the production of various diseases. In the same way, free radicals are also found to be the root cause of many diseases. Here we discuss about properties and qualities in both entities, which are similar and dissimilar, also whether free radicals can be considered under Ama. The present article attempts to correlate the most recent concept of todays i. e. free radical concept with that of the concept of Ama, described in research for remedies from Ayurvedic research, which may be helpful in the presentation and care of free radicals mediated disease

Complexation of O-Vanillin with Some First Transition Cations in Aqueous Ethanol (70%) Medium

The present paper summarizes the complexation behaviour of Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(lI) and Zn(II) with 2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde examined by Crow\u27 s me an diffusion coefficient method. Diffusion currents of polarographic waves were used to determine the stability constants of the 1: 1 and 1 : 2 complexes of the respective ions (298 K) which were 4.0, 2.7; 4.7, 3.3; 5.4, 2.5; 5.3, 3.5 and 4.5, 3.5, respectively. Overall stability constants at three temperatures 288, 298 and 308 K yielded the thermodynamic parameters

Elucidating Signal Transduction Modulatory Drug Target Network of Colon Cancer: A Network Biology Approach

Latest evaluation and validation of cancer drugs and their targets has demonstrated the lack and inadequate development of new and better drugs, based on available protocols. Even though the specificity of drug targets is a great challenge in the pharmaco-proteomics field of cancer biology, for eradicating such hurdles and paving the way for the drugs of future, a novel step has been envisaged here to study the relation between drug target network and the corresponding drug network using the advanced concepts of proteomics and network biology. The literature mining was done for the collection of receptors and the ligands. About 1000 natural compounds were collected and out of those 300 molecules showed anti-cancer activity against colon cancer. Ligand Vs multiple receptor docking was done using the software Quantum 3.3.0; the results were further used for the designing of a well connected Protein Ligand Interaction (PLI) network of colon cancer. The obtained network is then extrapolated to sort out the receptors expressed in the specific cancer type. The network is then statistically analyzed and represented by the graphical interpretation, in order to ascertain the hub nodes and their locally parsed neighbours. Based on the best docking scores, the graphs obtained from the docking analysis are statistically validated with the help of VisANT. In the network three hub nodes Neutrophil cytosol factor 2, UV excision repair protein RAD23 homolog A, & Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase eta were identified, which showed the highest interaction with the ligands. Butyrate and Farnesol showed highest interaction as ligands. Multiple Sequence Alignment was done of the binding site sequence of the drug targets to find out the evolutionary closeness of the binding sites. The phylogenetic tree was also constructed to further validate the observation. Further in-vitro and in-vivo studies needs to be done to analyse the receptor specificity and anti tumor activity of these compounds in Colon cancer

PROCESS OPTIMIZATION OF FRP SANDWICH COMPOSITE STRUCTURE FOR ENGINEERING APPLICATION

“Composites are the combination of a reinforcement fibre in a thermoset polymer resin matrix, where the reinforcement has an aspect ratio that enables the transfer of loads between fibres, and the fibres are chemically bonded to the resin matrix.” FRP (fibre reinforced plastic) Sandwich structure are defined as a three layer type of construction a thick layer known as core and two thin polymer layer known as face . In automobile and aerospace industries FRP composites are used due to numerous advantage like mechanical, chemical, thermal properties and light weight. The mechanical, thermal chemical properties can be optimize by stabilizing the core[1][2]. For this study various raw material characterization done .Aluminium honeycomb used as a Core material (25mm thick) and Epoxy prepreg (layer used as a face sheet material) & PU foam provide housing for core [5]. The experiment conducted according to raw material characterization test report . by autoclave curing At a particular temperature, pressure ,vacuum with respect to time process optimized ,sandwich cured and stabilized. Finally the test conducted According to ASTMD & DIN standard as a result it shows that the stabilized FRP sandwich having excellent mechanical properties compare to core crushing FRP sandwich

Genetic diversity assessment in Indian cultivated pea (Pisum sativum L.) varieties using RAPD markers

In the present study, the genetic diversity and inter-relationships among 12 varieties of pea were analyzed by using RAPD markers. A total of 118 bands were generated with 20 RAPD primers, of which 107 bands were polymorphic (90.81%). The PIC value ranged from 0.602-0.863 with an average of 0.754. High level of polymorphism and low genetic similarity within pea varieties suggested that they have a high level of genetic diversity. Unique RAPD fragments (700bp-1500bp) were also observed in five varieties i.e., AP-01, Aparna, Uttra, Rachna and Rachna-1D. In the dendrogram, 12 varieties were broadly grouped into 2 main clusters consisting of 5 (Cluster-I) and 4 (Cluster-II) varieties, respectively, while other three varieties i.e., KPMR-522, Aparna and AP-03 were out of group. In cluster-I, Ambika and AP-01 and Rachna and Vikas showed 62% and 58% similarities whereas, HUDP-15 grouped with 56% similarities with rest two varieties. In cluster II, Uttara and Prakash showed maximum similarity (65%) whereas, Rachna1-D showed (58%) similarities with them. KPMR-400 showed 52% similarity in this group. KPMR-400, Aparna and AP-03 were more diverse in comparison to others. A two-dimensional plot generated from principal co-ordinate analysis of RAPD data also supported the clustering pattern of dendrogram. This study indicated the presence of high genetic diversity among pea varieties, which could be used for developing core collections of pea germplasm for breeding and germplasm management purposes

Non hodgkin’s lymphoma misdiagnosed as tuberculosis: A case report

Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma is a heterogeneous group of malignancies characterized by an abnormal clonal proliferation of T-cells, B-cells or both. Sometimes, tuberculosis and lymphoma presentation can share common symptoms and features. A 37-year-old male patient was admitted in the hospital with complains of shortness of breath associated with cough, loss of appetite, generalized weakness and weight loss since two months. There were no palpable peripheral lymph nodes present anywhere in the body. The patient had no personal or family history of tuberculosis. The chest X-ray showed bilateral mild pleural effusion with confluent radio opacities in both lung fields. Pleural fluid biochemistry showed increased Adenosine deaminase level with increased protein and low sugar. Antitubercular drugs were started after initial diagnosis of tuberculosis. After non improvement in symptoms fine needleaspiration cytology (FNAC) was done from spleen which showed finding suggestive of non- hodgkins lymphoma