Politics and pilgrimage in North India: Varanasi between communitas and contestation

The paper examines the merger of Hindu pilgrimages and the pace of religious tourism in India. The interacting and counteracting two sides of human life, sacred and profane, consequently turn into contestation, seduction and difference; however they meet at different levels in the formation of what the author terms \u27mosaicness\u27. Drawing on decades of experience in the heritage and pilgrimage fields, the author begins by showing the ways in which pilgrimage has been utilized by political groups to assert their own power, and argues that the growth and importance of pilgrimage-tourism may be related to an increased desire among Hindus to assert their identity against an ever more visible Muslim population. Despite such divisions, the author then argues that the creation of mosaicness at important shrines nevertheless may foster communitas, as revealed by the failure of terrorist attacks on Hindu temples in Varanasi to incite inter-religious violence. Last, he uses the case study of Sarnath to argue that the greater value accorded to tourism as an avenue for development reflects a perception that the marketing of pilgrimage sites and religious buildings offers a means of preserving and enhancing the value and visibility of the endangered remains of the past, but often it is marked by a low understanding of a site\u27s historical value and its contemporary relevance. While site managers have implemented revenue-raising plans to preserve the archaeological remains of Sarnath, they neglect to consider the contemporary importance of the site to practicing Buddhists. A better understanding of the multiple meanings of sacred destinations, and the conscious implementation of mechanisms to foster mosaicness, is urged

Comparison of hot-electron transmission in ferromagnetic Ni on epitaxial and polycrystalline Schottky interfaces

The hot-electron attenuation length in Ni is measured as a function of energy across two different Schottky interfaces viz. a polycrystalline Si(111)/Au and an epitaxial Si(111)/NiSi_2 interface using ballistic electron emission microscopy (BEEM). For similarly prepared Si(111) substrates and identical Ni thickness, the BEEM transmission is found to be lower for the polycrystalline interface than for the epitaxial interface. However, in both cases, the hot-electron attenuation length in Ni is found to be the same. This is elucidated by the temperature-independent inelastic scattering, transmission probabilities across the Schottky interface, and scattering at dissimilar interfaces.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figure

Geometric discord and Measurement-induced nonlocality for well known bound entangled states

We employ geometric discord and measurement induced nonlocality to quantify non classical correlations of some well-known bipartite bound entangled states, namely the two families of Horodecki's ($2\otimes 4$, $3\otimes 3$ and $4\otimes 4$ dimensional) bound entangled states and that of Bennett etal's in $3\otimes 3$ dimension. In most of the cases our results are analytic and both the measures attain relatively small value. The amount of quantumness in the $4\otimes 4$ bound entangled state of Benatti etal and the $2\otimes 8$ state having the same matrix representation (in computational basis) is same. Coincidently, the $2m\otimes 2m$ Werner and isotropic states also exhibit the same property, when seen as $2\otimes 2m^2$ dimensional states.Comment: V2: Title changed, one more state added; 11 pages (single column), 2 figures, accepted in Quantum Information Processin

Effect of chemical reaction and viscous dissipation on MHD nanofluid flow over a horizontal cylinder : analytical solution

An analytical study of the MHD boundary layer flow of electrically conducting nanofluid over a horizontal cylinder with the effects of chemical reaction and viscous dissipation is presented. Similarity transformations have been applied to transform the cylindrical form of the governing equations into the system of coupled ordinary differential equations and then homotopy analysis method has been implemented to solve the system. HAM does not contain any small or large parameter like perturbation technique and also provides an easiest approach to ensure the convergence of the series of solution. The effects of chemical reaction parameter, magnetic parameter and other important governing parameters with no flux nanoparticles concentration is carried out to describe important physical quantities

Five and Six Coordinated Complexes of Di and Trivalent Iron with Ligands Derived from Acidhydrazides and Acetylacetone

Picolinic acid hydrazide(PH) and isonicotinic acidhydrazide (INH) react with acetylacetone in the presence of iron(II) and iron . (III) salts and give complexes of open chain tetradentate ligands through a template effect. The complexes are isolated and characterised as five and six-coordinated by the help of analyses, conductance, molecular weight, magnetic, Mossbauer, electronic and infrared spectral studies. Two molecules of PH or INH condense with a single acetylacetone moiety giving open chain tetradentate ligands. Attempts to isolate the ligand in the free state are, however, unsuccessful. The Ac(PH)2 coordinates through azomethine and pyridine nitrogens, while Ac(INHh does so through azomethine nitrogens and amide oxygens. Mossbauer spectra are consistent with their proposed geometries and reveal that iron is in the high-spin state. Various ligand field parameters are calculated using normalised spherical harmonic Hamiltonian theory and the amount of distortion is calculated in terms of DT/DQ. Metal- ligand vibrations in the far IR region are discussed

Unsteady electromagnetic radiative nanofluid stagnation-point flow from a stretching sheet with chemically reactive nanoparticles, Stefan blowing effect and entropy generation

The present article investigates the combined influence of nonlinear radiation, Stefan blowing and chemical reactions on unsteady EMHD stagnation point flow of a nanofluid from a horizontal stretching sheet. Both electrical and magnetic body forces are considered. In addition, the effects of velocity slip, thermal slip and mass slip are considered at the boundaries. An analytical method named as homotopy analysis method is applied to solve the non-dimensional system of nonlinear partial differential equations which are obtained by applying similarity transformations on governing equations. The effects of emerging parameters including Stefan blowing parameter, electric parameter, magnetic parameter etc. on the important physical quantities are presented graphically. Additionally, an entropy generation analysis is provided in this article for thermal optimization. The flow is observed to be accelerated both with increasing magnetic field and electrical field. Entropy generation number is markedly enhanced with greater magnetic field, electrical field and Reynolds number, whereas it is reduced with increasing chemical reaction parameter

Politics and pilgrimage in North India: Varanasi between communitas and contestation

The paper examines the merger of Hindu pilgrimages and the pace of religious tourism in India. The interacting and counteracting two sides of human life, sacred and profane, consequently turn into contestation, seduction and difference; however they meet at different levels in the formation of what the author terms \u27mosaicness\u27. Drawing on decades of experience in the heritage and pilgrimage fields, the author begins by showing the ways in which pilgrimage has been utilized by political groups to assert their own power, and argues that the growth and importance of pilgrimage-tourism may be related to an increased desire among Hindus to assert their identity against an ever more visible Muslim population. Despite such divisions, the author then argues that the creation of mosaicness at important shrines nevertheless may foster communitas, as revealed by the failure of terrorist attacks on Hindu temples in Varanasi to incite inter-religious violence. Last, he uses the case study of Sarnath to argue that the greater value accorded to tourism as an avenue for development reflects a perception that the marketing of pilgrimage sites and religious buildings offers a means of preserving and enhancing the value and visibility of the endangered remains of the past, but often it is marked by a low understanding of a site\u27s historical value and its contemporary relevance. While site managers have implemented revenue-raising plans to preserve the archaeological remains of Sarnath, they neglect to consider the contemporary importance of the site to practicing Buddhists. A better understanding of the multiple meanings of sacred destinations, and the conscious implementation of mechanisms to foster mosaicness, is urged

Facilitating Transformation in Workforce Training: Using Clinical Theory to Understand Psychological Self-Sufficiency

Acknowledging the scarcity of a bottom up social work practice model in facilitating the development of success in workforce development programs, this study explores Psychological self-sufficiency (PSS) as an emerging social work practice theory. Phenomenological studies of low-income jobseekers in employment training along with the empirical validation of measures of the core constructs of PSS – employment hope scale (EHS) and perceived employment barrier scale (PEBS) – and testing of the theoretical model resulted in the emergence of a new theory of PSS. PSS was conceptually defined as a dynamic and internal drive that activates the process of transforming cognitively and affectively perceived barriers into hope driven action – the process that enables individuals to move forward toward goals. Based on the evidence of PSS, a participant-centered group intervention model called transforming impossible into possible (TIP) program was developed. This article delineates the trajectory of PSS theory development by critically reviewing various streams of practice theories influencing the PSS theory. Next, the conditions that necessitated the creation of the TIP program and its core principles underlying the functions of PSS are explained. By depicting the TIP program with direct quotes of clients’ experiences, authors exemplify the successful self-discovery process through enhanced PSS skills as a result of participating in the TIP program

Adoption of AI-empowered industrial robots in auto component manufacturing companies

The usage of AI-empowered Industrial Robots (InRos) is booming in the Auto Component Manufacturing Companies (ACMCs) across the globe. Based on a model leveraging the Technology, Organisation, and Environment (TOE) framework, this work examines the adoption of InRos in ACMCs in the context of an emerging economy. This research scrutinises the adoption intention and potential use of InRos in ACMCs through a survey of 460 senior managers and owners of ACMCs in India. The findings indicate that perceived compatibility, external pressure, perceived benefits and support from vendors are critical predictors of InRos adoption intention. Interestingly, the study also reveals that IT infrastructure and government support do not influence InRos adoption intention. Furthermore, the analysis suggests that perceived cost issues negatively moderate the relationship between the adoption intention and potential use of InRos in ACMCs. This study offers a theoretical contribution as it deploys the traditional TOE framework and discovers counter-intuitively that IT resources are not a major driver of technology adoption: as such, it suggests that a more comprehensive framework than the traditional RBV should be adopted. The work provides managerial recommendations for managers, shedding light on the antecedents of adoption intention and potential use of InRos at ACMCs in a country where the adoption of InRos is in a nascent stage