Fabrication and Characterization of Chromium Nanotube Using (AAO) Template

 في البحث الحالي تم تصنيع Cr Nanotube بعملية الترسيب الكهروكيميائي وذلك بترسيبها على أساس من الألمنيوم المؤنود AAO كذلك تم تشخيص الأنابيب الكروم النانوية بواسطة XRD, SEM/EDS and TEM . وقد تبين من خلال هذه التقنيات إن الأنابيب الكروم النانوية كانت تمتلك نقاوة عالية جدا , ومن خلال تقنية SEM لوحظ نمو منتظم للأنابيب النانوية على مستوى عمودي للـ AAO. وكذلك يتضح ذلك من  خلال تقنية TEM والتي يظهر فيها الأنابيب ذات جدار منفرد single wall  بقطر مقارب إلى 60nm.In the current research, the fabricating of Cr nanotubes was done by electrochemical deposition in anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) as template. Characterization of fabricated Cr nanotubes were a achieved by XRD, SEM/EDS and TEM. These techniques indicated that the deposited chromium nanotubes have high purity within experimental conditions, the peaks in XRD was good agreement with JCPDS cards, SEM images showed the growth of ordered nanotubes in one plane perpendicular to the template (AAO). The purity of fabricating nanotubes was confirmed by EDS analysis, while the produced single walled nanotubes was shown from TEM images with open ends of tubes. 60 nm as diameter was obtained for fabricating Cr nanotubes. The fabrication of Cr nanotubes suggests producing quintuple bonds (Cr ≡ Cr) to form tubes without any chance to deposit chromium as particles

Tribocorrosion

This chapter includes some of the definitions of corrosion as important problem in many industries. The main forms of corrosion have been discussed in this chapter which depended on the appearance of corroded surface with some details of their mechanisms and how can prevent them. This chapter reviews tribocorrosion and explains the simplest method for tribocorrosion test by certain set-up using electrochemical test with three electrodes. Tribocorrosion test is needs to special arrangement of cell to be predicted which also has been mentioned in this chapter

Electrodeposition of NiCr Nanowires Using Anodic Aluminum Oxide

 يشير هذا البحث الى تصنيع اسلاك نانوية لسبيكة نيكل-كروم بواسطة الترسيب الكهروكيميائي. انجز الترسيب الكهروكيميائي على اساس من اوكسيد الالمنيوم المؤنود ( AAO ) ذات ثقوب نانوية قطرها ( 70 nm ). تمت عملية الانودة للالمنيوم بأستعمال حامض الاوكزالك وذلك بخطوتين من الانودة للحصول على الاساس AAO ثم تلاها ترسيب سبيكة نيكل-كروم من املاح كبريتات النيكل وكبريتات الكروم وكانت نسب العناصر الناتجة للسبيكة هي 72.3Ni27.7Cr . الاسلاك النانوية الناتجة تم تشخيصها بأستعمال المجهر الالكتروني SEM والمجهر الالكتروني TEM.ان الاسلاك النانوية الناتجة تمتلك قطر بمقدار( 70 nm ) وطول ( 420-500 nm ).This research highlights fabrication of NiCr nanowires by electrochemical deposition. The deposition was achieved using anodic aluminum oxide AAO template with 70 nm diameter of pores. The anodization was performed using oxalic acid with two steps to obtain AAO template. 72.3Ni27.7Cr nanowires were obtained using nickel and chromium sulfate. The nanowires were characterized by SEM and TEM. The obtained nanowires with 70 nm diameter and 420-500 nm length

Study the Corrosion Inhibition on the Iraqi Fuel Tanks using Cefoperazone Drug

Corrosion is one of the most important problems that face the petroleum industry, both production and refining, and cause damage to petroleum equipment, tanks, and transmission lines, and increasing maintenance costs. in this study ,  was  adding six concentrations of the drug expired Cefoperzone (Exp CEF) (50, 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 ppm) to a Simulated Oil Well Water (SOWW), the inhibitive role of (Exp CEF)  drug was investigated to Reduce the corrosion risk of carbon steel. Four different temperatures were used to conduct electrochemical tests (303, 313, 323 and 333 K) to achieve the study. The study was then supported by an examination of the inhibited surface using field emission scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive (FESEM) and (AFM). The results indicated occurring the inhibition by an anodic inhibitor that controls the dissolution of iron from steel gave the highest inhibition efficiency (IE%) by adding 500 ppm, while the calculation of polarization resistance (Rp) gave the highest resistance by 400 ppm through adsorption the added drug to show flakes shaped structures with decreasing surface roughness (Ra ) from 307.1 to 83.15  after inhibition. The calculation of adsorption isotherm confirmed the obeying of Langmuir adsorption isotherm by giving the coefficient of linear regression was about one in the range of 0.999 > R^2 > 0.995, with the spontaneous adsorption that estimated from the negative values of 〖∆H〗_ads^o and variation in the type of adsorption to be physically or chemically according to the added concentration because of the differential sign of 〖∆H〗_ads^o . The sign of 〖∆H〗_ads^o was positive that reflecting the increase in randomness at the metal/solution interface.

Effect of tempering on thermal analysis of Al-Ti-Si alloy and its composites

The investigation of the effect of tempering on thermal analysis of Al-Ti-Si alloy and its composites with MgO and SiC particles was performed. Thermal analysis was performed before and after tempering by DSC scan. Optical microscopy was used to identify the phases and precipitations that may be formed in base alloy and composites. X-ray diffraction test indicated that the Al3Ti is the main phase in Al-Ti-Si alloy in addition to form Al5Ti7Si12 phase. Some chemical reactions can be occurred between reinforcements and matrix such as MgO.Al2O3 in Al-Ti/MgO, and Al4C3 and Al(OH)3 in Al-Ti/SiC composite. X-ray florescence technique is used to investigate the chemical composition of the fabricated specimens. Heat treatment (Tempering) changes the microstructure of base alloy and its composites which was assessed by DSC scan. Generally, three main peaks appeared in DSC represented by GP zone, S phase (precipitations) and dissolution of phases or precipitations. After tempering, composite with SiC particles showed better results than base alloy and composite with MgO. Since the optical microscopy revealed reforming the stable phase Al3Ti with evaporation some gases from composite. DSC analysis showed the stability of composite with SiC was up to 270oC