Determinants of Employee Satisfaction: A Case Study of Banking Sector in Lahore, Pakistan

The contributing role of financial institutions towards stabilization and growth of an economy cannot be overlooked. Employees play a pivotal role in achieving organizational goals. Gaining employee satisfaction and commitment is a gnawing concern facing banking industry of Pakistan. This paper aims to investigate the impact of factors such as work – family balance, perceived job security and Person-Environment (P.E) Fit on employee satisfaction in the banking sector of Lahore, Pakistan. Using systematic random sampling technique, a sample of 252 employees from various banks was surveyed using a structured and standardized questionnaire. Correlation and regression techniques were applied to analyze the data. The results supported the study hypotheses, revealing that work-family balance, perceived job security and person-environment fit had impact of employee satisfaction in the banking sector. Keywords: Employee Satisfaction, Work-Family Balance, Perceived Job Security, Person-Environment Fi

Determinants of Employee Satisfaction: a case study of Banking Sector in Lahore, Pakistan

The contributing role of financial institutions towards stabilization and growth of an economy cannot be overlooked. Employees play a pivotal role in achieving organizational goals. Gaining employee satisfaction and commitment is a gnawing concern facing banking industry of Pakistan. This paper aims to investigate the impact of factors such as work – family balance, perceived job security and person-environment fit on employee satisfaction in the banking sector of Lahore, Pakistan. Using systematic random sampling technique, a sample of 252 employees from various banks was surveyed using a structured and standardized questionnaire. Correlation and regression techniques were applied to analyze the data. The results supported the study hypotheses, revealing that work-family balance, perceived job security and person-environment fit had impact of employee satisfaction in the banking sector. Keywords: Employee Satisfaction, Work-Family Balance, Perceived Job Security, Person-Environment Fi

Impact of Commodity Concentration and Geographical Concentration upon Export instability in Pakistan

This research study investigates the factors affecting export instability in Pakistan by using time-series data from 1981 to 2017. The determining factors of export instability in this study are commodity concentration index, geographical concentration index, food ratio, export earnings and total export quantity. The study employs Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model to investigate the long-run (LR) relationship between export instability and its employed determinants. The empirical evidence reveals that commodity concentration, geographical concentration, food exports and export earnings are the key factors explaining export instability in Pakistan. The study finds the positive relationship between export instability and commodity concentration, while a negative association with geographical concentration. Furthermore, food exports and export earnings are also found to be negatively related to export instability. The study finds that concentration or depend ence on a few exports causes export instability in Pakistan, but this problem would be overcome if Pakistan’s commodity basket for exports become diversified

Repellent Activity of Certain Plant Extracts (Clove, Coriander, Neem and Mint) Against Red Flour Beetle

Various insect acts as pests for crops and storage grains that cause lot of damage and economic losses. Common control agents are synthetic compounds that are unsafe for humans and environment. Certain parts of plants and herbs are historically used for their repellent activity against insects for grain storage and tree protection. In this context, this study was planned to investigate the repellent activity of extracts of clove, coriander, neem and mint against red flour beetle that cause damage to storage grains and other crops. Insect repellency was tested using multiple concentrations of the extracts. Results of this study demonstrated that these plant extracts proved to have effective repellent activity against the insect. The most effective extract was coriander followed by mint in various concentrations. 1.5 % concentration was found to be most effective. It is concluded from the results that these plants are natural sources of repellent material and hence are a potential source of natural / biological insect repellents

Immunohistochemical Expression of Nkx3.1 in Prostatic Adenocarcinoma and Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Karachi

OBJECTIVES To determine NKX3.1 expression in prostatic adenocarcinoma and benign prostate hyperplasia on Immunohistochemistry at a tertiary care hospital in Karachi. METHODOLOGY 74 prostatic specimens were recruited in this comparative cross-sectional study at the Department of Pathology, Pakistan Navy Station Shifa Hospital, Karachi, from January 2018 to February 2019. Of these, 37 specimens were of prostatic adenocarcinoma, and 37 were benign prostate hyperplasia. All specimens were subjected to immunohistochemical staining with NKX3.1. Statistical analysis was done by using SPSS version 23.0. The association of the extent of NKX3.1 staining between the adenocarcinoma and hyperplasia group was assessed using the Chi-square test x2. RESULTSOf the 37 cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia subjected to NKX3.1 staining, 32 showed positive staining with strong to moderate intensity. No staining was observed in 5 cases. 37 cases of adenocarcinoma prostate stained for NKX3.1 revealed positive staining in 30 cases with strong to moderate intensity. Negative staining was seen in 7 cases. The prostatic adenocarcinoma showed a statistically significant association of NKX3.1 positivity compared to benign prostatic hyperplasia cases. The p-value was found to be 0.03. CONCLUSION NKX3.1 staining was highly specific for prostate epithelium, as it was positive in most cases. This immune marker was useful for distinguishing prostatic origin in the context of metastatic lesions. Adding NKX3.1 protein staining to a panel of features may add value to the diagnosis if applied in the appropriate clinicopathologic context

Perception of Employees Regarding Employment Opportunities Created under CPEC: A Case Study of Coal Fire and Solar Project in Punjab, Pakistan

Purpose: CEPC is a mass investment for the struggling economy of Pakistan as it opens up new avenues of opportunities. The current study aims to probe employees’ perception working in coal power projects in central and south Punjab under CEPEC. Research Gap: The infrastructure investments in any economy are evaluated generally or partially through cost benefit analysis or cash flow criterion. Response of target population is more often not evaluated through primary survey. This study is novel in its nature to know the perception of the employees working in two power projects installed in central and southern Punjab, Pakistan. Design/Methodology/Approach: The study is based on primary data collected through well-structured questionnaire from employees. Descriptive analytical method and Ordinary Least Square (OLS) estimation method are adopted for analysis. Four indices of multiple opportunities are constructed using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The Main Findings: Results of the study portray key importance of education to enhance opportunities under CPEC. Findings do support that multiple opportunities created under CPEC and social change in the surroundings of installed projects also create employment opportunities. Theoretical/Practical Implications of the Findings: Findings of the study emphasize skill development in labor force so that more benefits can be achieved from investments in various projects of CPEC. A close linkage between educational institutes and industry seems a necessary policy implication. Originality/Value: The study is novel in exploring the employees perceptive regarding employment opportunities created under CPEC for the power projects installed in central and southern Punjab

Nødvendigheten av oral kontrast ved CT akutt abdomen

Sammendrag Innledning Et omdiskutert tema innenfor radiografi er bruk av oral kontrast ved CT akutt abdomen. Denne oppgaven ser nærmere på dette i tilknytning til prosedyrene til Sykehuset Innlandet. Formålet med oppgaven er å undersøke om det er et behov for oral kontrast ved diagnose av pasienter som har symptomer på akutt abdomen. Innledningen munner ut i en problemstilling og et forskningsspørsmål; “Er det nødvendig å benytte oral kontrast ved CT undersøkelse av akutt abdomen?” og “I hvilke tilfeller må CT akutt abdomen undersøkelser tatt uten oral kontrast tas om igjen?”. Metode Denne oppgaven har benyttet litteraturstudie som metode, ved å hente inn skriftlige artikler fra ulike databaser. Det ble utformet og brukt inklusjons - og eksklusjonskriterier for å spesifisere databasesøket. Ut ifra kriteriene ble det til slutt valgt åtte artikler for denne oppgaven som videre ble analysert. Resultater Resultatene tar utgangspunkt i åtte studier og omhandler deres funn i forbindelse med behovet for oral kontrast og omtak av undersøkelser tatt uten oral kontrast. Det er stor enighet mellom de ulike studienes funn, noe som styrker argumentene knyttet til behovet for oral kontrast. Konklusjon Resultatene til oppgaven viser at oral kontrast ikke vil være nødvendig i de fleste tilfeller, på bakgrunn av samsvaret mellom prosedyren til Sykehuset Innlandet og funnene til studiene. Ut ifra studienes funn kan det konkluderes med at enkelte CT akutt abdomen undersøkelser som er tatt uten oral kontrast tas om igjen grunnet usikkerhet rundt diagnostisering. Nøkkelord Oral kontrast, Computed tomography, akutt abdomen, behov, omtak av undersøkelse

Mild Solution for the Time-Fractional Navier–Stokes Equation Incorporating MHD Effects

The Navier–Stokes (NS) equations involving MHD effects with time-fractional derivatives are discussed in this paper. This paper investigates the local and global existence and uniqueness of the mild solution to the NS equations for the time fractional differential operator. In addition, we work on the regularity effects of such types of equations which are caused by MHD flow