Modified diatomites for Fenton-like oxidation of phenol

Raw diatomites were modified by acid or base treatments; addition of Fe or Cu species through the incipient wet impregnation method (IWI) and calcination at 700 °C. Samples were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDX), Mossbauer spectroscopy, point of zero charge (PZC), pyridine temperature programme desorption (TPD), themogravimetric analysis (TGA) and BET surface area determination. According to characterization results, four samples were selected: simply calcined Diatom (D), iron added (Fe-D), acid treated Fe reimpregnated (H-Fe-D) and copper added (Cu/Fe-D). Materials were tested as catalysts for the peroxidation of phenol solutions (1000 mg/L) in a batch laboratory reactor, at different operating conditions in 5 h tests. D, Fe-D and H-Fe-D samples allowed complete phenol removal under all the operating range studied. At optimum conditions, TOC conversions of 50–55% were obtained. Metal ions added through the IWI procedure resulted more labile than metal present originally. The acidic treatment favored the initiation of the reaction showing a reduction of the induction period at almost neutral initial pH. The Fe-D catalyst exhibited poor performance, lower reactions rates and higher Fe leaching. Conversely, high TOC conversions (80%) were achieved with Cu/Fe-D, however, Cu leaching was excessive (12.7%). D and H-Fe-D samples were used in consecutive runs (up to 20 h) maintaining phenol conversion and TOC reduction. Overall, a good performance was obtained, even comparable to more sophisticated Fe catalysts.Fil: Inchaurrondo, Natalia Soledad. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ingeniería. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales; ArgentinaFil: Ramos, Cinthia Paula. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Gerencia del Área de Seguridad Nuclear y Ambiente. Gerencia de Química (CAC); Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Zerjav, G.. National Institute Of Chemistry; EsloveniaFil: Font, J.. Universitat Rovira I Virgili; EspañaFil: Pintar, A.. National Institute Of Chemistry; EsloveniaFil: Haure, Patricia Monica. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ingeniería. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales; Argentin

Retained austenite phase detected by Mössbauer spectroscopy in ASTM A335 P91 steel submitted to continuous cooling cycles

Samples of ASTM A335 P91 steel submitted to continuous cooling at different rates were analyzed in the form of foils and powders by means of Mössbauer spectroscopy. The Continuous Cooling Transformation (CCT) diagram of steel ASTM A335 P91 displays two basic microstructural domains at low temperatures - ferritic and martensitic - whose limits depend on the austenite holding temperature, the precise chemical composition and the cooling conditions from the austenite mother phase. Under certain conditions, the martensitic transformation may not be completed, leading to a final microstructure with a non-negligible percentage of the austenite phase retained in a metastable state. This retained austenite could be detrimental for the mechanical properties of the steel. Mössbauer analysis suggested that powdering process promotes the retained austenite transformation to martensite; in particular, in the present case, all the austenite transformed into martensite during powdering. Foil samples instead displayed retained austenite whose relative fraction was determined as a function of the cooling rate. At the same time, the carbon content of retained austenite was estimated for the faster cooled samples; a preliminary explanation for the observed trends is given.Fil: Besoky, Jorge Ignacio. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Claudio Ariel Danón. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica; ArgentinaFil: Ramos, Cinthia Paula. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Oficina de Coordinacion Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Unidad Ejecutora Instituto de Nanociencia y Nanotecnologia. Unidad Ejecutora Instituto de Nanociencia y Nanotecnologia - Nodo Constituyentes | Comision Nacional de Energia Atomica. Unidad Ejecutora Instituto de Nanociencia y Nanotecnologia. Unidad Ejecutora Instituto de Nanociencia y Nanotecnologia - Nodo Constituyentes.; Argentin

Mechanochemical synthesis and characterization of nanocrystalline Ni1-xCoxFe2O4 (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) ferrites

Magnetic ferrites Ni1-xCoxFe2O4 are synthesized by means of a simple, clean and scalable route consisting of a solid-state reaction induced by high energy ball-milling between metal salts (Lewis'acids) and sodium hydroxide (base). The chemical reaction occurs at room temperature and produces nanocrystalline Ni1-xCoxFe2O4 and soluble byproducts, which are efficiently removed by washing. Thermal treatments at several temperatures are performed to favor the crystallization of the desired phase. The evolution of the system with mechanochemical reaction and heating is followed by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, thermal analyses and scanning electron microscopy. The magnetic properties of the obtained ferrites are studied by Mössbauer spectroscopy and vibrating sample magnetometry. The adequate combination of mechanochemical and thermal treatments leads to obtain pure materials with excellent magnetic properties, depending on the composition, the particle size, the cation distribution and the canted spin structure at the surface of the nanoparticles.Fil: Castrillon Arango, Jhon Alejandro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ingeniería. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales; ArgentinaFil: Cristobal, Adrian Alberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ingeniería. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales; ArgentinaFil: Ramos, Cinthia Paula. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Unidad Ejecutora Instituto de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Unidad Ejecutora Instituto de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología; Argentina. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Gerencia de Área Investigaciones y Aplicaciones No Nucleares. Gerencia Física (CAC). Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada; ArgentinaFil: Bercoff, Paula Gabriela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Física Enrique Gaviola. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Física Enrique Gaviola; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Matemática, Astronomía y Física; ArgentinaFil: Botta, Pablo Martín. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ingeniería. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales; Argentin

Crystal structure, cobalt and iron speciation and oxygen non-stoichiometry of La0.6Sr0.4Co1-yFeyO3-δ nanorods for IT-SOFC cathodes

Single-phased La0.6Sr0.4Co1-yFeyO3-δ (y = 0.2, 0.5, 0.8) nanorods exhibiting the rhombohedral perovskite-type phase were synthesized by a pore-wetting technique. We studied their chemical composition, crystal and electronic structures, morphology and hyperfine properties as a function of the Co/Fe content of the samples. Our results demonstrate that Co cations exhibit a slightly lower oxidation state than Fe ones, resulting in a higher oxygen non-stoichiometry δ for Co-rich samples. In addition, the values of δ determined in this work for nanostructured samples are much higher than those reported in the literature for bulk materials. This can be attributed to the high number of defects in nanomaterials and is probably one important factor in the high electrochemical performance for the oxygen reduction reaction of nanostructured La0.6Sr0.4Co1-yFeyO3-δ IT-SOFC cathodes, which have been reported in a previous work.Fil: Mejía Gómez, Augusto Enrique. Pontificia Universidad Javeriana; ColombiaFil: Sacanell, Joaquin Gonzalo. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Centro Atómico Constituyentes; Argentina. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Unidad Ejecutora Instituto de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Unidad Ejecutora Instituto de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología; ArgentinaFil: Huck Iriart, Cristián. Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Escuela de Ciencia y Tecnología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Ramos, Cinthia Paula. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Centro Atómico Constituyentes; Argentina. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Unidad Ejecutora Instituto de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Unidad Ejecutora Instituto de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología; ArgentinaFil: Soldati, Analía Leticia. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Unidad Ejecutora Instituto de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Unidad Ejecutora Instituto de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología; ArgentinaFil: Figueroa, Santiago Jose Alejandro. Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais; Brasil. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Tabacniks, Manfredo H.. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Fantini, Márcia C.. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Craievich, Aldo Felix. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Lamas, Diego Germán. Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Escuela de Ciencia y Tecnología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

Mortuary Pottery and Sacred Landscapes in Complex Hunter-gatherers in the Paraná Basin, South America

Tubular pottery comprises certain peculiar artifacts that were produced by late Holocene complex hunter-gatherer societies in southeastern South America for unknown purposes. Some authors have related them to mortuary behaviour which has also been suggested by historical sources, while others have considered domestic use. In this paper, the technical, compositional and functional properties of these artifacts are explored in order to contrast both hypotheses, given an example of how technical analysis allows the identification of special pottery within archeological contexts. This analysis includes a study of the fabrics involved using low and high magnification, thin sections, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy, Mössbauer Spectroscopy, Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy and fatty acid profiles. The results show that these tubular artifacts are not fit structurally for utilitarian purposes and show no evidence of domestic use. Based on these results and on historical data, it can be postulated that they were used as part of mortuary rituals, thus becoming part of the select global group of pottery manufactured exclusively for mortuary purposes.Fil: Loponte, Daniel Marcelo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Secretaría de Cultura de la Nación. Dirección Nacional de Cultura y Museos. Instituto Nacional de Antropología y Pensamiento Latinoamericano; ArgentinaFil: Ottalagano, Flavia Vanina. Secretaría de Cultura de la Nación. Dirección Nacional de Cultura y Museos. Instituto Nacional de Antropología y Pensamiento Latinoamericano; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Pérez, Maricel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Secretaría de Cultura de la Nación. Dirección Nacional de Cultura y Museos. Instituto Nacional de Antropología y Pensamiento Latinoamericano; ArgentinaFil: Malec, Laura. Universidad de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Ramos, Cinthia Paula. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Unidad Ejecutora Instituto de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Unidad Ejecutora Instituto de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología; ArgentinaFil: Bozzano, Patricia Beatriz. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica; ArgentinaFil: Iribarren, Manuel José. Universidad Nacional de San Martín; Argentina. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica; ArgentinaFil: Perez, Rodolfo Ariel. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Leiva, Graciela Edith. Universidad de Belgrano. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; ArgentinaFil: Domínguez Gutiérrez, Silvia. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Centro Atómico Constituyentes; ArgentinaFil: Ali, Sheila Grisel. Secretaría de Cultura de la Nación. Dirección Nacional de Cultura y Museos. Instituto Nacional de Antropología y Pensamiento Latinoamericano; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Acosta, Alejandro Alberto. Secretaría de Cultura de la Nación. Dirección Nacional de Cultura y Museos. Instituto Nacional de Antropología y Pensamiento Latinoamericano; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

Efficacy of acupuncture and electroacupuncture in patients with nonspecific low back pain: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Abstract\ud \ud Background\ud Previous studies have shown that acupuncture and electroacupuncture (EA) are effective in the treatment of patients with low back pain. However, there is little evidence to support the use of one intervention over the other. The aim of this study is to compare the effect of acupuncture and electroacupuncture in the treatment of pain and disability in patients with chronic nonspecific low back pain.\ud \ud \ud Methods/design\ud The study design is a randomized controlled trial. Patients with nonspecific chronic low back pain of more than three months duration are recruited at Rehabilitation Center of Taboao da Serra - SP (Brazil). After examination, sixty-six patients will be randomized into one of two groups: acupuncture group (AG) (n = 33) and electroacupuncture group (EG) (n = 33). Interventions will last one hour, and will happen twice a week for 6 weeks. The primary clinical outcomes will be pain intensity as measured and functional disability. Secondary outcomes: quality of pain, quality of life. perception of the overall effect, depressive state, flexibility and kinesiophobia. All the outcomes will be assessed will be assessed at baseline, at treatment end, and three months after treatment end. Significance level will be determined at the 5 % level. Results of this trial will help clarify the value of acupuncture and electroacupuncture as a treatment for chronic low back pain and if they are different.\ud \ud \ud Discussion\ud Results of this trial will help clarify the value of acupuncture needling and electroacupuncture stimulation of specific points on the body as a treatment for chronic low back pain.\ud \ud \ud Trial Registration\ud Clinicaltrials.gov: \ud NCT02039037\ud \ud . Register October 30, 2013.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior-(CAPES

ANÁLISE DA MORTALIDADE POR NEOPLASIA MALIGNA DE MAMA NO BRASIL ENTRE OS ANOS DE 2017 E 2021

Breast cancer is a carcinoma that arises due to the unbridled multiplication of abnormal cells in the mammary glands that affect other tissues and organs, thus causing the malignant tumor. In Brazil, it is observed that deaths from breast cancer are high, accounting for approximately 20% of new cases per year, possibly due to late diagnosis, where the disease is already in advanced stages. This is a cross-sectional, descriptive, epidemiological, quantitative and retrospective study regarding mortality from malignant breast neoplasia in Brazil. The data were extracted from the Mortality Information System of the Information Technology Department of the Unified Health System (SIM/DATASUS). In the research, option 041-malignant breast neoplasm in the ICD-10 morbidity list (10th revision of the International Classification of Diseases) was selected as the cause of mortality, based on the following variables: period (2017-2021), color/ race, education and marital status. In the period from 2017 to 2021, 88,322 deaths were recorded, with the southeast region accounting for 49.6% of cases. Regarding age group, 23% of deaths were women over 50 years old. Regarding color/race, 59.2% of deaths occurred in women of white color/race. 32.8% of the women who died had 8 to 11 years of education and 39.2% were married. Therefore, it is important to strengthen and frequently carry out campaigns such as “Pink October”, as such government action is capable of raising awareness and promoting greater access to diagnosis and treatment services, thus providing a reduction in mortality.O câncer de mama é um carcinoma que surge devido a multiplicação desenfreada de células anormais das glândulas mamárias que afetam outros tecidos e órgãos, originando assim, o tumor maligno. No Brasil, observa-se que os óbitos por câncer de mama estão elevados, sendo responsáveis por aproximadamente 20% dos novos casos por ano, possivelmente devido ao diagnóstico tardio, onde a doença já está em estágios avançados. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, do tipo descritivo, epidemiológico, quantitativo e retrospectivo a respeito da mortalidade por neoplasia maligna de mama no Brasil. Os dados foram extraídos do Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (SIM/DATASUS). Na pesquisa, foi selecionada como causa de mortalidade a opção 041-neoplasia maligna de mama na lista de morbidade do CID-10 (10ª revisão da Classificação Internacional de Doenças), a partir das seguintes variáveis: período (2017-2021), cor/raça, escolaridade e estado civil. No período de 2017 a 2021 foram registrados 88.322 óbitos, sendo que a região sudeste possui 49,6% dos casos. Com relação a faixa etária, 23% das mortes foram de mulheres acima dos 50 anos. Com relação a cor/raça, 59,2% dos óbitos ocorreram em mulheres de cor/raça branca. 32,8% das mulheres que morreram possuíam de 8 a 11 anos de estudos e 39,2% eram casadas. Deste modo, torna-se importante o fortalecimento e a frequência na realização de campanhas como o “Outubro Rosa”, pois tal ação governamental é capaz de conscientizar e promover um maior acesso aos serviços de diagnóstico e tratamento, proporcionando desta forma, a redução da mortalidade

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio