Forensic Identification of Suspected Poached Wild Boar (Sus scrofa affinis)

A case of suspected wild boar death due to dynamite blast by poachers was received by us for confirmation. The skin sample was collected and examined histologically for identification based on hair follicle arrangement in the horizontal section of skin. The horizontal sections of skin from both domestic and wild boar was stained in order to study the distribution of hair follicles. Linear arrangement of hair follicles comprising three primary follicles in a row was observed in both domestic and suspected wild boar. Based on circumstantial evidence it was concluded that it may be belonging to wild boar

BCL-W has a fundamental role in B cell survival and lymphomagenesis.

Compromised apoptotic signaling is a prerequisite for tumorigenesis. The design of effective therapies for cancer treatment depends on a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms that govern cell survival. The antiapoptotic proteins of the BCL-2 family are key regulators of cell survival and are frequently overexpressed in malignancies, leading to increased cancer cell survival. Unlike BCL-2 and BCL-XL, the closest antiapoptotic relative BCL-W is required for spermatogenesis, but was considered dispensable for all other cell types. Here, however, we have exposed a critical role for BCL-W in B cell survival and lymphomagenesis. Loss of Bcl-w conferred sensitivity to growth factor deprivation-induced B cell apoptosis. Moreover, Bcl-w loss profoundly delayed MYC-mediated B cell lymphoma development due to increased MYC-induced B cell apoptosis. We also determined that MYC regulates BCL-W expression through its transcriptional regulation of specific miR. BCL-W expression was highly selected for in patient samples of Burkitt lymphoma (BL), with 88.5% expressing BCL-W. BCL-W knockdown in BL cell lines induced apoptosis, and its overexpression conferred resistance to BCL-2 family-targeting BH3 mimetics. Additionally, BCL-W was overexpressed in diffuse large B cell lymphoma and correlated with decreased patient survival. Collectively, our results reveal that BCL-W profoundly contributes to B cell lymphoma, and its expression could serve as a biomarker for diagnosis and aid in the development of better targeted therapies

A Study on Some Fundamental Properties of Continuity and Differentiability of Functions of Soft Real Numbers

We introduce a new type of functions from a soft set to a soft set and study their properties under soft real number setting. Firstly, we investigate some properties of soft real sets. Considering the partial order relation of soft real numbers, we introduce concept of soft intervals. Boundedness of soft real sets is defined, and the celebrated theorems like nested intervals theorem and Bolzano-Weierstrass theorem are extended in this setting. Next, we introduce the concepts of limit, continuity, and differentiability of functions of soft sets. It has been possible for us to study some fundamental results of continuity of functions of soft sets such as Bolzano’s theorem, intermediate value property, and fixed point theorem. Because the soft real numbers are not linearly ordered, several twists in the arguments are required for proving those results. In the context of differentiability of functions, some basic theorems like Rolle’s theorem and Lagrange’s mean value theorem are also extended in soft setting

A Concise Review Based on Analytical Method Development and Validation of Apremilast in Bulk and Marketed Dosage Form

Apremilast is used for treatment of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. It may also be beneficial for other inflammatory diseases relevant to the immune system. The drug functions as a selective enzyme phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitor and avoids the spontaneous development of TNF-alpha from human synovial rheumatoid cells. The present review assesses the different approaches for evaluation of apremilast in bulk material as well as different formulations. A concise review consists of compile and discuss about over 30 methods for analysing apremilast in the biological matrices, the samples of bulk and in different dosage formulations including HPLC, HPTLC, UPLC, LC-MS and UV-spectrophotometry. A concise review represents the compilation and discussion of about more than 30 analytical methods which includes HPLC, HPTLC, UPLC, LC-MS and UV-Spectrophotometry methods implemented for investigation of apremilast in biological matrices, bulk samples and in different dosage formulations. This detailed review will be of great help to the researcher who is working on apremilast. Keywords: Apremilast; Analytical Profile; HPLC; HPTLC; Bioanalytical; Stability indicatin

Performance of a Large-Area GEM Detector Prototype for the Upgrade of the CMS Muon Endcap System

Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) technology is being considered for the forward muon upgrade of the CMS experiment in Phase 2 of the CERN LHC. Its first implementation is planned for the GE1/1 system in the $1.5 < \mid\eta\mid < 2.2$ region of the muon endcap mainly to control muon level-1 trigger rates after the second long LHC shutdown. A GE1/1 triple-GEM detector is read out by 3,072 radial strips with 455 $\mu$rad pitch arranged in eight $\eta$-sectors. We assembled a full-size GE1/1 prototype of 1m length at Florida Tech and tested it in 20-120 GeV hadron beams at Fermilab using Ar/CO$_{2}$ 70:30 and the RD51 scalable readout system. Four small GEM detectors with 2-D readout and an average measured azimuthal resolution of 36 $\mu$rad provided precise reference tracks. Construction of this largest GEM detector built to-date is described. Strip cluster parameters, detection efficiency, and spatial resolution are studied with position and high voltage scans. The plateau detection efficiency is [97.1 $\pm$ 0.2 (stat)]\%. The azimuthal resolution is found to be [123.5 $\pm$ 1.6 (stat)] $\mu$rad when operating in the center of the efficiency plateau and using full pulse height information. The resolution can be slightly improved by $\sim$ 10 $\mu$rad when correcting for the bias due to discrete readout strips. The CMS upgrade design calls for readout electronics with binary hit output. When strip clusters are formed correspondingly without charge-weighting and with fixed hit thresholds, a position resolution of [136.8 $\pm$ 2.5 stat] $\mu$rad is measured, consistent with the expected resolution of strip-pitch/$\sqrt{12}$ = 131.3 $\mu$rad. Other $\eta$-sectors of the detector show similar response and performance.Comment: 8 pages, 32 figures, submitted to Proc. 2014 IEEE Nucl. Sci. Symposium, Seattle, WA, reference adde

Quality control and beam test of GEM detectors for future upgrades of the CMS muon high rate region at the LHC

Gas Electron Multipliers (GEM) are a proven position sensitive gas detector technology which nowadays is becoming more widely used in High Energy Physics. GEMs offer an excellent spatial resolution and a high particle rate capability, with a close to 100% detection efficiency. In view of the high luminosity phase of the CERN Large Hadron Collider, these aforementioned features make GEMs suitable candidates for the future upgrades of the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) detector. In particular, the CMS GEM Collaboration proposes to cover the high-eta region of the muon system with large-area triple-GEM detectors, which have the ability to provide robust and redundant tracking and triggering functions. In this contribution, after a general introduction and overview of the project, the construction of full-size trapezoidal triple-GEM prototypes will be described in more detail. The procedures for the quality control of the GEM foils, including gain uniformity measurements with an x-ray source will be presented. In the past few years, several CMS triple-GEM prototype detectors were operated with test beams at the CERN SPS. The results of these test beam campaigns will be summarised

Crossover between Rayleigh-Taylor Instability and turbulent cascading atomization mechanism in the bag-breakup regime

The question whether liquid atomization (or pulverization) resorts to instability dynamics (through refinements of Rayleigh-Plateau, Rayleigh-Taylor or Kelvin-Helmholtz mechanism) or to turbulent cascades similar to Richardson and Kolmogorov first ideas seems to be still open. In this paper, we report experimental evidences that both mechanisms are needed to explain the spray drop PDF obtained from an industrial nozzle. Instability of Rayleigh-Taylor kind governs the size of the largest droplets while the smallest ones obey a PDF given by a turbulent cascading mechanism resulting in a log-L\'evy stable law of stability parameter close to 1.68. This value, very close to the inverse of the Flory exponent, can be related to a recent model for intermittency modeling stemming from self-avoiding random vortex stretching.Comment: new alpha version (precedent was a draft

Stover Quality Traits for Improvement of Dual-Purpose Sorghum

Twenty four sorghum stovers were investigated with sheep for organic matter digestibility (OMD) and intake (OMI), and for digestible organic matter intake (DOMI) and for relations between laboratory fodder quality traits and these in vivo measurements. Statistically highly significant and nutritionally important differences were found between the stover with OMD differing by 15 percentage units and OMI and DOMI varying 1.6 and 2 times, respectively. For each of the in vivo measurements, chemical (NDF, ADF, ADL) and in vitro (in vitro digestibility, metabolisable energy content) traits were identified which accounted for at least 50% of the variation in the respective traits. Using multiple regression procedures and stringent cross-validation (“blind-predictions”) procedures OMD, OMI and DOMI could be predicted with R2 for comparing observed and predicted values of 0.36, 0.65 and 0.75, respectively. The reported research showed selection for dual purpose sorghum cultivars is promising, and identified and validated simple laboratory traits that can be used for such phenotypin