9 research outputs found
Infected pancreatic necrosis: outcomes and clinical predictors of mortality. A post hoc analysis of the MANCTRA-1 international study
: The identification of high-risk patients in the early stages of infected pancreatic necrosis (IPN) is critical, because it could help the clinicians to adopt more effective management strategies. We conducted a post hoc analysis of the MANCTRA-1 international study to assess the association between clinical risk factors and mortality among adult patients with IPN. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression models were used to identify prognostic factors of mortality. We identified 247 consecutive patients with IPN hospitalised between January 2019 and December 2020. History of uncontrolled arterial hypertension (pâ=â0.032; 95% CI 1.135-15.882; aOR 4.245), qSOFA (pâ=â0.005; 95% CI 1.359-5.879; aOR 2.828), renal failure (pâ=â0.022; 95% CI 1.138-5.442; aOR 2.489), and haemodynamic failure (pâ=â0.018; 95% CI 1.184-5.978; aOR 2.661), were identified as independent predictors of mortality in IPN patients. Cholangitis (pâ=â0.003; 95% CI 1.598-9.930; aOR 3.983), abdominal compartment syndrome (pâ=â0.032; 95% CI 1.090-6.967; aOR 2.735), and gastrointestinal/intra-abdominal bleeding (pâ=â0.009; 95% CI 1.286-5.712; aOR 2.710) were independently associated with the risk of mortality. Upfront open surgical necrosectomy was strongly associated with the risk of mortality (pâ<â0.001; 95% CI 1.912-7.442; aOR 3.772), whereas endoscopic drainage of pancreatic necrosis (pâ=â0.018; 95% CI 0.138-0.834; aOR 0.339) and enteral nutrition (pâ=â0.003; 95% CI 0.143-0.716; aOR 0.320) were found as protective factors. Organ failure, acute cholangitis, and upfront open surgical necrosectomy were the most significant predictors of mortality. Our study confirmed that, even in a subgroup of particularly ill patients such as those with IPN, upfront open surgery should be avoided as much as possible. Study protocol registered in ClinicalTrials.Gov (I.D. Number NCT04747990)
Complementary relationship in the estimation of regional evapotranspiration: an enhanced advection-aridity model
Includes bibliographical references
Dopamine Released from TiO2 Semicrystalline Lattice Implants Attenuates Motor Symptoms in Rats Treated with 6âHydroxydopamine
The motor dysfunction
featured by patients aggrieved by Parkinsonâs
disease (PD) results from the reduction of dopamine (DA) availability
in the caudate nucleus (CN). Restituting CN DA levels is therefore
essential to ameliorate PD motor deficits. In this regard, nanotechnology
may offer solutions to restore CN DA availability. DA, however, can
be rapidly oxidized into toxic compounds if made available in situ,
unprotected. Then, we tested whether a semicrystalline TiO2 lattice, implanted into the CN of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-lesioned,
hemiparkinsonian rats, was able to release DA during a time window
sufficient to attenuate motor symptoms while protecting it from the
ongoing oxidation. Accordingly, implanted semicrystalline TiO2 lattices released incremental amounts of DA into the CN of
lesioned rats. Motor symptoms were already attenuated by the 1st month
and significantly reduced 2 months after implantation. These effects
were specific since TiO2 lattices alone did not modify
motor symptoms in lesioned rats. DA-unloaded or -loaded TiO2 lattices did not produce obvious symptoms of systemic or neurological
toxicity nor significantly increased CN lipid peroxidation in implanted,
lesioned rats at the time of sacrifice. Our results thus support that
loaded TiO2 lattices are capable of releasing DA while
protecting it from the ongoing oxidation when implanted into the brain.
Their implantation does not cause noticeable systemic or local toxicity.
On the contrary, they attenuated motor symptoms in hemiparkinsonian
rats
Synthesis, Photophysical Study, and Biological Application Analysis of Complex Borondipyrromethene Dyes
Linear, Single-Strand Heteroaromatic Polymers from Superacid-Catalyzed Step-Growth Polymerization of Ketones with Bisphenols
Novel,
linear, high-molecular-weight single-strand heteroaromatic
polymers and copolymers containing 9<i>H</i>-xanthene moieties
in the backbone were synthesized by metal-free superacid-catalyzed
stoichiometric and nonstoichiometric step-growth polymerizations of
carbonyl compounds bearing electron-withdrawing substituents with
bisphenols. The electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions of ketones
with phenol fragments occur exclusively in <i>ortho</i>-positions
to the hydroxy phenol group and followed by highly efficient cyclodehydration
reaction of hydroxyl-containing intermediates to give corresponding
substituted 9<i>H</i>-xanthene-2,7-diyl polymers. The polymerizations
were performed at room temperature in the BrĂžnsted superacid
trifluoromethanesulfonic acid (CF<sub>3</sub>SO<sub>3</sub>H, TFSA)
and in a mixture of TFSA with methylene chloride and nitrobenzene
Multifunctional Properties of Zwitterionic Liquids. Application in Enhanced Oil Recovery and Asphaltene Aggregation Phenomena
In this experimental study is investigated
the performance of a
new class of zwitterionic liquids (ZL) as multifunctional agents with
asphaltene inhibition-dispersion activity as well as rock wettability
and relative permeability modification properties to increase oil
recovery factor. Asphaltenes isolated from two crude oil samples (light
and heavy) and a crude oil sediment were used to evaluate the inhibition-dispersion
performance of ZL, whereas two different rock samples were used to
carry out the core flooding tests in order to evaluate the influence
of the porous media properties on the performance of the ZL product
in recovery factor enhancement. Results demonstrated that ZL can be
used to control aggregation and deposition of asphaltenes as well
as to modify rock wettability in order to increase the oil recovery
factor. Finally, in order to explain how the chemical product enhances
oil recovery, a mechanism involving oil production and rock wettability
alteration is discussed
Synthesis, Photophysical Study, and Biological Application Analysis of Complex Borondipyrromethene Dyes
A series of complex boronic acids
were prepared through multicomponent
reactions (MCRs). Both Passerini and Ugi MCRs were carried out in
which one component was an arylboronic acid. The resulting highly
functionalized boronic acids participated efficiently in the LiebeskindâSrogl
cross-coupling reaction with <i>meso</i>-methylthioBODIPY
derivatives to yield complex borondipyrromethene (BODIPY) dyes in
good yields. The joined spectroscopic and computational study points
out the deep impact of the arylated chromophoric position on the photophysical
signatures. Thus, unconstrained aryls grafted at the meso position
did not sway the spectral band positions but switched on new nonradiative
relaxation channels, whereas additional arylation at the opposite
α-pyrrolic position softened such fluorescence quenching and
shifted the emission to the red-edge of the visible spectrum. The
conducted biological analysis revealed that peripheral blood mononuclear
cells incubated with these new compounds showed reduced cytotoxicity
and retained their normal activities. Additionally, the dyes remained
stable inside the cells after 24 h of incubation. These results demonstrated
that these novel fluorescent probes based on BODIPY can be applied
for cell imaging and analysis, expanding their applications
An Approach to Understanding the Electrocatalytic Activity Enhancement by Superexchange Interaction toward OER in Alkaline Media of NiâFe LDH
In
the present work, the hydrotalcite-like materials known as layered
double hydroxides (LDHs) were synthesized. The NiâAl and NiâFe
materials with different Ni/Fe ratio were obtained by coprecipitation
method at variable pH. The LDH structure was verified by X-ray diffraction,
Fourier transform infrared, and Raman spectroscopy. No secondary extra
phases were observed for any material. The electronic properties were
evaluated by UVâvis spectroscopy, while the magnetic ones were
followed by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR). The results suggested
that sample H/NiâFe2 (Ni/Fe = 2) has a ferrimagnetic behavior
as a result of the combined action of Ni<sup>II</sup>âOHâNi<sup>II</sup>, Fe<sup>III</sup>âOHâNi<sup>II</sup>, and
Fe<sup>III</sup>âOHâFe<sup>III</sup> pairs across the
layers and ferromagnetic interactions operating between layers. Furthermore,
the material H/NiâFe1 (Ni/Fe = 1.5) showed a combination of
paramagnetic and ferromagnetic interactions which favors a superexchange
interaction among metal centers through the OH bridges across the
cationic sheets; the superexchange interaction enhances the electrocatalytic
activity on the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in alkaline media.
On the other hand, XPS experiments showed that the H/NiâFe1
did not exhibit structural changes after electrochemical processes.
The activity toward the OER was in the order H/NiâFe1 >
H/NiâFe2 > H/NiâAl, as was confirmed using in situ
linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) coupled with mass spectrometry (differential
electrochemical mass spectrometry)
FormylBODIPYs: Privileged Building Blocks for Multicomponent Reactions. The Case of the Passerini Reaction
Eleven
formyl-containing BODIPY dyes were prepared by means of either the
LiebeskindâSrogl cross-coupling reaction or the Vilsmeier reaction.
These dyes were used as components in the Passerini reaction to give
highly substituted BODIPY dyes. A joined spectroscopic and theoretical
characterization of the synthesized compounds was conducted to unravel
the impact of the structural rigidity/flexibility on the photophysical
signatures. These dyes were tested as fluorescent trackers for phagocytosis.
Additionally, they proved to be useful to stain different blood cells
with an intense and stable signal at a very low exposure time