Achieving near exponential diversity on uncoded low-dimensional MIMO, multi-user and multi-carrier systems without transmitter

Abstract-It is well-known that for single-input and singleoutput (SISO) narrow-band transmission on frequency-flat fading channels, uncoded communication with only receiver channel state information (Rx-CSI) leads to extremely poor reliability performance whereas transmitter CSI (Tx-CSI) allows us approach the reliability of an additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel via power control. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to achieve reliability close to the AWGN channel for uncoded transmissions on SISO frequency-flat Rayleigh fading channels without Tx-CSI. Our approach employs pseudo-random phase precoding (PRPP) of modulation symbols prior to temporal multiplexing, and joint-detection at the receiver that has polynomial complexity in the precoder size. With a precoder size of 400 binary symbols, we demonstrate that the proposed system achieves performance within 0.1 dB of the AWGN channel at a bit error rate of 10 −5 , and is also robust to fading correlation and channel estimation errors. Furthermore, we present extensions to multiple-user multiple-input and multiple-output (MU-MIMO) systems and wideband transmission schemes such as orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) and singlecarrier frequency-domain multiple access (SC-FDMA) systems. We show, through extensive simulations, that i) with an 8-by-8 MIMO system per-stream AWGN channel reliability is achieved with 8 spatial streams and 50 channel uses, ii) for a 5 user multiple-access channel with one antenna per user and 5 antennas at the receiver, 80 channel uses eliminates fading and interference completely while simultaneously providing a power gain of approximately 6.9 dB, and iii) for OFDM and SC-FDMA systems with single antenna at the transmitter and two antennas at the receiver, within 0.1 and 0.3 dB of the matched-filter bound performance is achieved with a precoder size of 96 and 400 symbols, respectively. Index Terms-Single-antenna transmission, pseudo-random phase precoding, multi-user MIMO, matched-filter bound, uncoded multi-carrier systems, large-dimensional detection

Multiantenna analog network coding for multihop wireless networks

This paper proposes a two-phase minimum mean-square-error bidirectional amplify-and forward (MMSE-BAF) relaying protocol to allow two sources exchange independent messages via a relay node equipped with multiple antennas. MMSE-BAF performs a joint linear MMSE filtering of the received signal after the multiple access phase before amplifying and forwarding the filtered signal using a single transmit antenna, possibly through a specific antenna selection procedure, during the broadcast phase. The proposed protocol extends upon the so-called analog network coding schemes in the literature in that it inherently exploits the multiple antennas at the relay station to reduce the noise enhancement typical of an AF protocol, and can also compensate for link imbalances between the relay and the sources and is agnostic to sources' modulation and coding schemes. We derive the instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio expressions for the received signal by the sources in the downlink and provide extensive linklevel simulations for the MMSE-BAF protocol subject to both frequency flat and selective fading. Furthermore, we pinpoint the modifications to be incorporated into the IEEE 802.16e orthogonal-frequency-division multiple access (OFDMA) cellular standard (mobile WiMax) to enable support of multiantenna bidirectional communications and show that MMSE-BAF is a viable solution within that framework

Wireless Cooperative Networks

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Cross-layer design of wideband CDMA systems and cooperative diversity for wireless ad hoc networks :

Some of the challenges in the design of next generation wireless systems are providing high data rate multimedia services, increasing user capacity, improving reliability and range, terminal mobility, robustness to interference, limited spectrum availability, and transmission power constraints. The approaches that we take in this dissertation to address some of the aforementioned issues are cross-layer design and user cooperation. In the first part of the dissertation, on a wideband CDMA channel with a finite transmission bandwidth constraint, we consider the problem of optimal bandwidth allocation for source coding, channel coding and spread-spectrum modulation. For analytical tractability, we assume a memoryless Gaussian source with an optimum quantizer, a convolutional encoder with a soft-decision decoder, and a spread spectrum modulator with random spreading codes and a RAKE receiver. In the presence of both multiple access interference (MAI) and narrowband interference (NBI), for frequency-selective Nakagami fading channels, we derive upper and lower bounds on the end-to-end average source distortion. Since an exact expression for the average distortion is difficult to derive, we seek to obtain the three-tuple (i.e., source coding rate, channel coding rate, and spreading factor) that optimizes the upper and lower bounds on the average distortion. Under various channel conditions and interference levels, we numerically computed the optimum three-tuple, and verify the accuracy with system-level simulations. For small values of spreading factor, we show that the system performance is hurt by the self- interference of the user-of-interest, thus cautioning against aggressive channel coding. Since a multi-carrier DS-CDMA (or, simply MC-CDMA) system is more robust to NBI, we propose to employ an MC-CDMA system to improve the distortion performance on channels with severe NBI. For a fixed channel code rate, we then quantify the tradeoff between source coding and spreading for an MC-CDMA system. In the second part of the dissertation, we consider a parallel relay channel wherein the relay nodes help the source transmissions to provide improved reliability at the destination. With multiple relay nodes, we design and analyze robust noncoherent amplify-and forward receivers for use on rapidly varying Rayleigh fading channels with unknown instantaneous channel knowledge. Next, with a sum power constraint, we consider the problem of optimal transmit power allocation when only statistical knowledge, in terms of the average fading power, of the channel is available at the transmitting nodes. We quantify the improvements in both outage probability performance and asymptotic cooperation gain of various relaying protocols with optimal power allocatio

Achieving Near-Exponential Diversity on Uncoded Low-Dimensional MIMO, Multi-User and Multi-Carrier Systems Without Transmitter CSI

It is well-known that for single-input and single-output (SISO) narrow-band transmission on frequency-flat fading channels, uncoded communication with only receiver channel state information (Rx-CSI) leads to extremely poor reliability performance whereas transmitter CSI (Tx-CSI) allows us approach the reliability of an additive white gaussian noise (AWGN) channel via power control. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to achieve reliability close to the AWGN channel for uncoded transmissions on SISO frequency-flat Rayleigh fading channels without Tx-CSI. Our approach employs pseudo-random phase precoding (PRPP) of modulation symbols prior to temporal multiplexing, and joint-detection at the receiver that has polynomial complexity in the precoder size. With a precoder size of 400 binary symbols, we demonstrate that the proposed system achieves performance within 0.1 dB of the AWGN channel at a bit error rate of 0.00001, and is also robust to fading correlation and channel estimation errors. Furthermore, we present extensions to multiple-user multiple-input and multiple-output (MU-MIMO) systems and wideband transmission schemes such as orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) and single carrier frequency-domain multiple access (SC-FDMA) systems. We show

Analysis of Error Probability with Maximum Likelihood Detection over Discrete-Time Memoryless Noncoherent Rayleigh Fading Channels

It is known that the capacity of the discrete-time memoryless noncoherent Rayleigh fading channels (DTM-NRFC) is achieved by a discrete constellation with finite number of mass points and when one of the mass points is located at the origin 1]. In this paper, we present the maximum likelihood detection (MLD) error performance on DTM-NRFC for a discrete constellation with coding and spatial diversity. In the absence of outer coding, the error probability with MLD is derived in a surprisingly simple closed-form. On the other hand, with coding and diversity, our error probability expressions can be evaluated via saddle-point approximation techniques