Study on one-pot four-component synthesis of 9-aryl-hexahydro-acridine-1,8- diones using SiO2-I as a new heterogeneous catalyst and their anticancer activity

A simple, efficient and cost-effective method for the synthesis of 9-aryl-hexahydro-acridine-1,8-diones by a one-pot four-component cyclocondensation of dimedone, aromatic aldehydes and ammonium acetate as a nitrogen source in the presence of a new heterogeneous catalyst silica iodide (SiO2-I) in EtOH at 80 °C is described. SiO2-I was subjected to SEM-EDX and found to have iodo group bound to the catalyst. Some of the prepared acridine-diones were found to exhibit promising anti-cancer activity against HepG2 and MCF-7 cell lines. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Novel and efficient oxidation of benzyl ethers to benzaldehydes by DMSO​/49​% aqueous HB

Dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) oxidizes benzyl ethers into corresponding benzaldehydes at 110°; the reaction is accelerated by 49​% aq. HBr. The conditions work well for different aryl-​substituted benzyl ethers. This protocol is inert toward dialkyl ethers

COMPLEXATION OF LISINOPRIL DRUG WITH ALKALINE EARTH AND TRANSITION METAL IONS IN MIXED SOLVENT MEDIA

Objective: To investigate the stability constant of Lisinopril hydrochloride drug with alkaline earth metal ions Mg(II), Ca(II) and transition metal ions Fe(III), Cu(II) using potentiometric titration technique in 20%(v/v) ethanol-water mixture at 27 °C temperature and at an ionic strength of 0.1M NaClO4. Materials and Methods: The ligand Lisinopril hydrochloride is soluble in 20% (v/v) ethanol-water mixture. NaOH, NaClO4, HClO4 and metal salts were of AR grade. The solutions used in the pH metric titration were prepared in double distilled water. All the measurements were made at 27 0Cin 20%(V/V) ethanol-water mixture at constant ionic strength of 0.1M NaClO4. The pH measurement were made using a digital pH meter. Results: The method of Calvin and Bjerrum as adopted by Irving and Rossotti has been employed to determine proton ligand (pKa) and metal-ligand stability constant (logK) values. It is observed that alkaline earth metal & transition metal ion forms 1:1 and 1:2 complexes. The order of stability constants for these metal complexes was as: Fe3+ > Cu2+ > Mg2+ > Ca2+ Conclusion: The stability constants of trivalent Fe show maximum stability whereas divalent Ca shows minimum stability

Preliminary Analysis of Proton Radiation Damage Response in Defective Gamma-Radiation-Sensitive Cells

This research was sponsored by the National Science Foundation Grant NSF PHY-931478

Transmission of infection to liver transplant recipients from donors with infective endocarditis: lessons learned

Donors not meeting standard criteria, such as those with bacteremia, are now being used in response to the increasing need for organs for transplantation. Recommended strategies to prevent the occurrence of donor‐derived bacteremia include the use of directed antibiotic prophylaxis. However, this approach does not eliminate the risk of infection transmission. Similarly, the management of organ recipients from donors with infective endocarditis (IE) remains uncharacterized. We report 2 cases of donor‐derived bacterial infections in liver transplant recipients despite pathogen‐specific antibiotic prophylaxis. In both instances, the donors had documented IE treated with appropriate antimicrobial therapy and clearance of bacteremia. Recipients had very distinctive clinical outcomes likely related to pathogen virulence and the extent of donor infection. Persistent infection in the transplanted liver should be suspected in organ recipients of a liver from donors with IE, despite the absence of bacteremia at the time of death and organ procurement. For eradication, recipients may require prolonged pathogen‐directed antimicrobial therapy, such as is used for endovascular infections. Prompt recognition of donors with IE, appropriate notification, and prolonged antibiotic prophylaxis are key to reducing the risk of such donor‐derived infections.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/110631/1/tid12330.pd

Low-Luminosity Accretion in Black Hole X-ray Binaries and Active Galactic Nuclei

At luminosities below a few percent of Eddington, accreting black holes switch to a hard spectral state which is very different from the soft blackbody-like spectral state that is found at higher luminosities. The hard state is well-described by a two-temperature, optically thin, geometrically thick, advection-dominated accretion flow (ADAF) in which the ions are extremely hot (up to $10^{12}$ K near the black hole), the electrons are also hot ($\sim10^{9-10.5}$ K), and thermal Comptonization dominates the X-ray emission. The radiative efficiency of an ADAF decreases rapidly with decreasing mass accretion rate, becoming extremely low when a source reaches quiescence. ADAFs are expected to have strong outflows, which may explain why relativistic jets are often inferred from the radio emission of these sources. It has been suggested that most of the X-ray emission also comes from a jet, but this is less well established.Comment: To appear in "From X-ray Binaries to Quasars: Black Hole Accretion on All Mass Scales" edited by T. Maccarone, R. Fender, L. Ho, to be published as a special edition of "Astrophysics and Space Science" by Kluwe

Theory and Applications of Non-Relativistic and Relativistic Turbulent Reconnection

Realistic astrophysical environments are turbulent due to the extremely high Reynolds numbers. Therefore, the theories of reconnection intended for describing astrophysical reconnection should not ignore the effects of turbulence on magnetic reconnection. Turbulence is known to change the nature of many physical processes dramatically and in this review we claim that magnetic reconnection is not an exception. We stress that not only astrophysical turbulence is ubiquitous, but also magnetic reconnection itself induces turbulence. Thus turbulence must be accounted for in any realistic astrophysical reconnection setup. We argue that due to the similarities of MHD turbulence in relativistic and non-relativistic cases the theory of magnetic reconnection developed for the non-relativistic case can be extended to the relativistic case and we provide numerical simulations that support this conjecture. We also provide quantitative comparisons of the theoretical predictions and results of numerical experiments, including the situations when turbulent reconnection is self-driven, i.e. the turbulence in the system is generated by the reconnection process itself. We show how turbulent reconnection entails the violation of magnetic flux freezing, the conclusion that has really far reaching consequences for many realistically turbulent astrophysical environments. In addition, we consider observational testing of turbulent reconnection as well as numerous implications of the theory. The former includes the Sun and solar wind reconnection, while the latter include the process of reconnection diffusion induced by turbulent reconnection, the acceleration of energetic particles, bursts of turbulent reconnection related to black hole sources as well as gamma ray bursts. Finally, we explain why turbulent reconnection cannot be explained by turbulent resistivity or derived through the mean field approach.Comment: 66 pages, 24 figures, a chapter of the book "Magnetic Reconnection - Concepts and Applications", editors W. Gonzalez, E. N. Parke

Advances in ab-initio theory of Multiferroics. Materials and mechanisms: modelling and understanding

Within the broad class of multiferroics (compounds showing a coexistence of magnetism and ferroelectricity), we focus on the subclass of "improper electronic ferroelectrics", i.e. correlated materials where electronic degrees of freedom (such as spin, charge or orbital) drive ferroelectricity. In particular, in spin-induced ferroelectrics, there is not only a {\em coexistence} of the two intriguing magnetic and dipolar orders; rather, there is such an intimate link that one drives the other, suggesting a giant magnetoelectric coupling. Via first-principles approaches based on density functional theory, we review the microscopic mechanisms at the basis of multiferroicity in several compounds, ranging from transition metal oxides to organic multiferroics (MFs) to organic-inorganic hybrids (i.e. metal-organic frameworks, MOFs)Comment: 22 pages, 9 figure