Stock enhancement of shrimp resources through sea ranching

Sea ranching is referred as method of stock enhancement. It involves mass release of juveniles of the selected species into the marine environment where, they can feed on natural prey and grows. The sea ranched stocks become recaptured and add biomass to the commercial fishery. Sea ranching was carried out mainly for stock improvement or enhancing the production or conservation of natural resources. The sea ranching programme was originated in USA as early as 1870’s and sea ranching of red and Pacific salmon was carried out since 1964. In Japan, Sea ranching was started during 1975, for Kuruma Shrimp, Penaeus japanicus and also for other 45 species to supplement the natural stock. In India, ICAR-CMFRI, Mandapam was carried out sea ranching of green tiger shrimp Penaeus semisulcatus seeds PL 15-20 size 7.0 lakhs numbers per annum in the Pillaimadam lagoons of Palk Bay during 1985-92

Hough Transform based Deep Belief Network and Improved Homomorphic Encryption for Cloud Security based Intrusion Discovery

The enlarge development in information technology is cloud computing, which offers minimized infrastructure cost, lower maintenance, greater flexibility and scalability. Nowadays, the network security plays vital role in enterprises and organizations. The influence vulnerabilities were occurred due to attackers based on network configuration. Because of cloud and IoT growth, enlarge amount of data obtained from IoT sensor and devices are transmitted to cloud data centers. Several security issues like focused web servers in the cloud and information collection mishandling are faced by storage and cloud-based computing when offering us considerable convenience. For that reason, this article proposes a deep learning-based cloud security oriented intrusion discovery. Primarily, the input dataset is pre-processed by using normalization techniques followed by the features are selected using an Adaptive White Shark Optimization (AWSO) algorithm. The normal and intrusion data is classified by using Hough Transform based Deep Belief Network (HT-DBN) after that the sensitive data are secured with the help of an Improved Homomorphic Encryption (IHE) model. The simulation tool of MATLAB is been used to simulate the proposed implementation part and the experimental results outperformed the detection accuracy of 97% than other previous approaches

Effect of salinity stress on finger millet (Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn): Histochemical and morphological analysis of coleoptile and coleorhizae

The current study deals with the impact of salinity stress on growth and development of finger millet genotype ‘CO(Ra)-14’. The seeds were germinated on Murashige and Skoog solid medium supplemented with various concentrations of sodium chloride (NaCl) (0, 50, 100, 150 or 200 mM) for 15 days. Several physiological indices, including relative growth rate, electrolyte leakage, proline and chlorophyll (a, b and a + b) content, cell viability, hydrogen peroxide and caspase-like activity were measured to analyze the physiological and biochemical characteristics of saline stress. In addition, we also analyzed saline stress induced histochemical changes and level of lignin in the coleoptile and coleorhizae tissues. Relative growth of leaves and shoots of finger millet genotype ‘CO(Ra)-14’ exposed to 150 mM NaCl concentration was decreased while root length was increased. In addition, there was a significant increase in the levels of electrolyte leakage, contents of proline and hydrogen peroxide, and caspase-like activity from 0 to 200 mM NaCl. Chlorophyll and relative water contents were significantly reduced with decreased leaf succulence under increasing salinity. The microscopic observations of coleoptile and coleorhizae cross sections revealed considerable variations viz., length of epidermal cells, surface area and width of the cells with increasing salinity. Saline treated tissues were severely damaged and were intensely stained with phloroglucinol (suggesting the accumulation of cell bound phenolic compounds). Overall finger millet genotype ‘CO(Ra)-14’ showed a diverse response to salinity stress starting from seed germination to growth, and above 100 mM NaCl salinity is toxic to finger millet genotype ‘CO(Ra)-14’

Prevalence and antibacterial resistance patterns of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing Gram-negative bacteria isolated from ocular infections

Purpose: Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) mediated resistance is more prevalent worldwide, especially among Gram-negative bacterial isolates, conferring resistance to the expanded spectrum cephalosporins. As limited data were available on the prevalence of ESBLs in this area, the current study was undertaken to determine the prevalence, antibacterial resistance patterns, and molecular detection and characterization of ESBL encoding resistance genes among ocular Gram-negative bacterial isolates from ocular infections. Materials and Methods: A prospective study was done on 252 ocular Gram-negative bacterial isolates recovered from ocular infections during a study period from February 2011 to January 2014. All isolates were subjected to detection of ESBLs by cephalosporin/clavulanate combination disc test and their antibacterial resistance pattern was studied. Molecular detection and characterization of ESBL encoding blaTEM -, blaSHV , blaOXA -, and blaCTX-M (phylogenetic groups 1, 2, 9, and 8/25) resistance genes by multiplex polymerase chain reaction and DNA sequence analysis. Results: Of all Gram-negative bacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (44%) was the most common strain, followed by Enterobacter agglomerans and Klebsiella pneumoniae each (10%). Among the 252, 42 (17%) were ESBL producers. The major source of ESBL producers were corneal scraping specimens, highest ESBL production was observed in P. aeruginosa 16 (38%) and Escherichia coli 7 (16.6%). Among ESBL-producing genes, the prevalence of blaTEM -gene was the highest (83%) followed by blaOXA -gene (35%), blaSHV -gene (18.5%), and blaCTX-M-1 -gene (18.5%) alone or together. Conclusion: The higher rate of prevalence of ESBLs-encoding genes among ocular Gram-negative bacteria is of great concern, as it causes limitation to therapeutic options. This regional knowledge will help in guiding appropriate antibiotic use which is highly warranted

Two Open Access datasets from the digitization of 50,493 herbarium sheets from Pondicherry and Baroda collections with a focus on the Western Ghats

Human activities have led to a substantial loss of biodiversity, with terrestrial ecosystems experiencing over a 20% average reduction. Conservation priorities are crucial, but data on species, threats, and protection are limited, especially in tropical countries like India. Open biodiversity data, facilitated by platforms like the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF), are a powerful tool for addressing these challenges. This paper describes two datasets (for a total of more than 50,000 plant occurrences), primarily from the Western Ghats, a UNESCO World Heritage site and biodiversity hotspot. The two datasets could play a pivotal role in supporting conservation policies, since they provide valuable insights into the unique biodiversity of the Western Ghats