Estimation of inter‐genotypic competitive ability of the parental races (Drosophila nasuta nasuta and D. n. albomicana) and of the newly evolved Cytoraces (I and II)

Interracial hybridization between D.n. nasuta (2 n = 8) and D. n.albomicana (2 n = 6) resulted in the formation of two new karyotypic strains denoted Cytorace I and Cytorace II. The karyotypes of each of these Cytoraces include chromosomal elements from both parental races (RAMACHANDRA and RANGANATH 1986a). The parental strains and the newly formed Cytoraces I and II were subjected to interspecific competition. The results reveal that all four experimental strains were competitively superior to the D. melanogaster tested strain. The study indicates certain degree of Cytogenetic divergence between parental and newly evolved genomes

Does evolution reduce the body size? A study of the four members of newly evolved nasuta-albomicans complex of Drosophila

Our long range interracial hybridization experiments between a pair of cross fertile races, Drosophila nasuta (2n = 8) and D. albomicans (2n = 6) have resulted in the evolution of two new karyotypic strains under laboratory conditions, which are named as Cytorace 1 and Cytorace 2. These Cytoraces harbor chromosomes from both parents. Here, we compare the body size of the parental races and newly evolved Cytoraces and the relationship between the body size and fitness. Analysis reveals that the parental races have reduced fertility and are larger in body size than newly evolved Cytoraces. Thus, the newly evolved Cytoraces show reduced body size and better fitness in the course of their evolution

Racial divergence in sternopleural bristles among the parental races and the newly evolved Cytoraces 1 and 2 of the nasuta-albomicans complex of Drosophila

Interracial hybridization between a pair of cross fertile races, Drosophila nasuta (2n=8) and Drosophila albomicans (2n = 6) has resulted in the evolution of new karyotypic strains, called Cytoraces, under laboratory conditions. These Cytoraces have inherited chromosomes from both the parents. Here we report the racial divergence in sternopleural bristles among the parental races and the newly evolved Cytorace 1 and 2, This analysis has revealed that the parental race, D. nasuta has lesser number of bristles than D, albomicans, Cytorace 1, and Cytorace 2, These newly evolved Cytorace 1 and Cytorace 2, with more number of sternopleural bristles, show better fitness

Newly evolved cytoraces of nasuta-albomicans complex of Drosophila live better than their parents as revealed by life-history trait analysis at three different temperatures

The long-range interracial hybridization experiments between a pair of cross fertile races, Drosophila nasuta nasuta (2n = 8) and Drosophila nasuta albomicans (2n = 6) have resulted in the evolution of two new karyotypic strains called cytoraces 1 and 2, which harbour chromosomes from both their parents and differ in their karyotypic composition, mating preference and morphometric traits. In the present study, the effect of temperature on certain life-history traits such as lifetime fecundity, lifetime fertility, ovariole number and longevity of virgin and mated males and females was tested in the parents and two cytoraces. The results revealed that in most of the assessments, the newly evolved cytoraces showed maximum fitness, suggesting that the newly evolved cytoraces survive and live better than their parental races

Evolution of a new chromosomal lineage in a laboratory population of Drosophila through centric fission

Structural rearrangements of chromosomes have played a decisive role in the karyotypic evolution of species. It is also known that inversions, translocations, fusions, fissions, heterochromatin variations and other chromosomal changes occur as transient events in natural populations. Herein we report the occurrence of a rare event of centric fission of a metacentric chromosome in a laboratory population of Drosophila, called Cytorace 1. This centric fission has been fixed in a sub-population of Cytorace 1, resulting in a new chromosomal lineage called Fissioncytorace-1

INN-toxin, a highly lethal peptide from the venom of Indian cobra (Naja naja) venom-Isolation, characterization and pharmacological actions

10.1016/j.peptides.2008.07.020Peptides29111893-1900PEPT