Environment friendly degradation and detoxification of Congo red dye and textile industry wastewater by a newly isolated Bacillus cohnni (RKS9)

Textile industry wastewater (TIWW) is a major source of environmental pollution causing serious threats to all life forms and thus, it must be adequately treated before its final discharge for the safety of environment and public health. In the present study, a potential bacterial strain (RKS9) was isolated from textile (wastewater & sludge) sample for the effective treatment of TIWW resulting in a significant reduction in pollution parameters such as ADMI color (93.87%), COD (77.35%), BOD (86.02%), TDS (66.75%), TOC (67.25%), TSS (60.34%), and phenol (68.55%) within 48 h. This bacterium also decolorized 99% of Congo red dye (100 mg L−1) within 12 h and removed 59.76%, 40.51%, 52.71% and 26.51% cadmium, chromium, lead and nickel, respectively from the TIWW. The activities of azoreductase, laccase, lignin peroxidase (LiP) and manganese peroxidase (MnP) was monitored and metabolites produced during the treatment of dye and TIWW were also analyzed by FT-IR and GC–MS. The phytotoxicity of the untreated and treated TIWW was assessed by seed germination and seedling growth parameters of Phaseolus mungo L. and results showed a significant reduction in the toxicity of the treated TIWW, suggesting that the isolated bacterium RKS9 has a remarkable potential to effectively decolorize/detoxify TIWW

Phytotoxicity, cytotoxicity and genotoxicity evaluation of organic and inorganic pollutants rich tannery wastewater from a Common Effluent Treatment Plant (CETP) in Unnao district, India using Vigna radiata and Allium cepa

The leather industry is a major source of environmental pollution in India. The wastewater generated by leather industries contains very high pollution parameters due to the presence of a complex mixture of organic and inorganic pollutants even after the treatment at a Common Effluent Treatment Plant (CETP) and disturbs the ecological flora and fauna. The nature, characteristics and toxicity of CETP treated wastewater is yet to be fully elucidated. Thus, this study aims to characterize and evaluate the toxicity of CETP treated tannery wastewater collected from the Unnao district of Uttar Pradesh, India. In addition to measuring the physico-chemical parameters, the residual organic pollutants was identified by GC-MS analysis and phytotoxicity, cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of the treated wastewater was evaluated using Vigna radiata L. and Allium cepa L. Results showed that the treated wastewater contained very high pollution parameters (TDS 3850mg/L, BOD 680mg/L, COD-1300mg/L). GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of various types of residual organic pollutants including benzoic acid, 3-[4,-(T-butyl) Phenyl] furan-2-5-dione, benzeneacetamide, resorcinol, dibutyl phthalate, and benzene-1,2,4-triol. Further, toxicological studies showed the phytotoxic nature of the wastewater as it inhibited seed germination in V. radiata L. and root growth of A. cepa. Genotoxicity was evidenced in the root tip cell of A. cepa where chromosomal aberrations (stickiness, chromosome loss, C-mitosis, and vagrant chromosome) and nuclear abnormalities like micronucleated and binucleated cells were observed. Thus, results suggested that it is not safe to discharge these wastewater into the environment

Antibiotic and heavy metal resistance properties of bacteria isolated from the aeration lagoons of common effluent treatment plant (CETP) of tannery industries (Unnao, India)

514-519In the present study, 12 aerobic bacterial strains were isolated from the common effluent treatment plant (CETP) of tannery industries and identified as Alcaligenes sp. (FJ55942), Pantoea sp. (FJ55943), Bacillus megaterium (FJ55944), B. marisflavi (FJ55945), B. subtilis (FJ55946), B. megaterium (FJ55947), B. cereus (FJ55948), B. pumilus (FJ55949), Pseudomonas sp. (FJ55950), Bacillus sp. (FJ55951), B. subtilis (GU193980) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (GU193981) <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic">having closest relationship with <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">Agrobacterium larrymoorie bacterium.<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"> Further, the results of antibiotic and heavy metal resistant studies have shown that all the bacterial isolates of initial and final aeration lagoons were intermediate for ciprofloxacin and tetracycline, except Alcaligenes sp. and Pantoea sp. In addition, the bacterial isolates of initial aeration lagoon have shown a wide range of MIC values ranging from 90-650, 60-250, 150-800, 600-700, 400-650, 90-600, 400-600 and 60-500 µg mL-1 for Cr, Cu, Zn, Fe, Ni, Pb, Mo and As; while that of final aeration lagoon, it was 140-600, 60-250, 600-700, 550-700, 400-650, 100-300, 400-650 and 200-400 µg mL-1 for Cr, Cu, Zn, Fe, Ni, Pb, Mo and As, respectively. All these bacterial isolates were found to have a wide range of multi-drug and multi-metal resistant property, indicating that industrial effluents are organically enriched medium supporting the fast growth and spreading of antibiotics and heavy metals resistant microbes in the environment. </span

Processes for the removal of triclosan in the environment and engineered systems- a review

Triclosan (TCS) is a synthetic chlorinated aromatic compound and a typical antibacterial agent widely used in a diverse range of personal care products. Generally, after normal use, TCS is flushed into the sewage system through drainage. However, because of its incomplete removal in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), the remaining TCS enters the environmental surroundings via treated effluent as well as through sludge disposal. This not only increases TCS concentrations in the environment, but can also lead to the bioaccumulation of detectable levels of TCS in food webs from aquatic organisms to humans. Experimental evidence has shown the potential negative effects of TCS and its metabolites to a range of marine and terrestrial organisms. This review systematically summarizes the current state of knowledge on occurrence, negative effects and degradation mechanisms of TCS by abiotic and biotic processes. We finish by discussing research efforts aimed at identifying knowledge gaps between biochemistry and degradation pathways of TCS.The accepted manuscript in pdf format is listed with the files at the bottom of this page. The presentation of the authors' names and (or) special characters in the title of the manuscript may differ slightly between what is listed on this page and what is listed in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript; that in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript is what was submitted by the author