Accumulation of exoglucanase activity in yeast secretory mutants blocked at the endoplasmic reticulum level

AbstractSaccharomyces cerevisiae HMSF-176 (sec 18), a thermosensitive secretory mutant blocked at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) level, drastically increased its osmotic sensitivity when grown at the restrictive temperature of 37°C in high glucose concentration. This fact led to the erroneous interpretation that glucanases were inactive when localized in the ER. The development of a suitable osmotic stabilizer now indicates that sec 18 accumulates exoglucanase activity. Another ER-blocked mutant behaved in a similar way. All the accumulated exoglucanase was found in a soluble form. By contrast, a significant portion of the accumulated invertase remained in a membrane-bound form

Psychological predictor variables of emotional maladjustment in infertility: Analysis of the moderating role of gender

AbstractThe objective of this study is to find out if the variables state-anxiety, trait-anxiety, positive-affect, negative-affect, alexithymia, and adaptive (personal and interpersonal) resources can predict emotional maladjustment in infertile people, taking into account the potentially moderating role of gender. A sample of 101 participants with an infertility diagnosis (51 males and 50 females) completed a battery of psychological tests (DERA, Emotional Maladjustment and Adaptive Resources in Infertility questionnaire, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory [STAI], PANAS, Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, and TAS-20, [Toronto Alexithymia Scale]). The moderating, partial, and interactive effects of the variables were analyzed using hierarchical regression analysis. The resulting model explained 71.1% of total variance, resulting in gender as an important moderating variable and trait anxiety, state anxiety, negative affect, and low interpersonal resources as strong predictors of emotional maladjustment in infertile people. These results provide guidance in selecting the most appropriate psychological support and treatment for the emotional adjustment of infertile women and men

Unraveling complex relations between forest-cover change and conflicts through spatial and relational analyses

Unidad de excelencia María de Maeztu MdM-2015-0552Despite the increasing prevalence of forest-cover change and conflicts, most studies have been unable to unravel the complex relations between the two processes. We attribute this failure to methodological limitations. We put forward an alternative approach that combines different datasets (remote sensing, GIS, local narratives, official censuses, newspaper articles), methods (spatial and relational analyses), and scales (subregions, economic sectors, land-based activities) to create a robust explanation of the relations between different intensities of forest-cover change and conflict in the Meseta Purépecha region, central Mexico. This is an important forest region, inhabited by indigenous and mestizo peasants; it has a worldwide reputation for community forestry and is also the epicenter of international avocado production. Forest-cover change is intense and there are recurrent episodes of conflict. We clustered communities in three subregions according to their patterns of forest-cover change. We analyzed the spatial patterns of forest-cover change and conflicts and we characterized the structure and function of the different economic sectors to unravel the nonlinear, interdependent (and sometimes contradictory) relations among these processes. We found that avocado production has differentially shaped the composition and working of society within each subregion, leading to three diverging patterns. Avocado production has provoked conflicts over landownership and over illegal logging in nearby areas. In some areas, a low incidence of conflicts over forest clearance might be explained by high profits, coercion, and violence. We suggest that, by combining spatial and relational analyses, we can integrate and check the congruence of nonequivalent representations from quantitative sources and observant participation at different scales and explain the heterogeneity that processes display across space. Our methodological approach can thus improve our understanding of similar and other complex and uncertain environmental problems elsewhere, especially when accurate or appropriate data are missing

Climate change effects in older people's health: Ascoping review

Background: Climate change has serious consequences for the morbidity and mortal-ity of older adults.Objective: To identify the effects of climate change on older people's health.Methods: A scoping review was conducted following the Joanna Briggs Instituteguidelines and the PRISMA-ScR checklist. Quantitative research and reports from or-ganizations describing the effects of climate change on older people were selected.Results: Sixty-three full-text documents were selected. Heat and air pollution werethe two factors that had the most negative effects on cardiovascular and respiratorymorbidity and mortality in older people. Mental health and cognitive function werealso affected.Conclusions: Climate change affects several health problems in older individuals,especially high temperatures and air pollution. Nursing professionals must have thenecessary skills to respond to the climate risks in older adults. More instruments arerequired to determine nursing competencies on climate change and the health of thispopulation group

Evaluación de las técnicas de diagnóstico de la enfermedad de Marek

El diagnóstico de las enfermedades tumorales en avicultura es complejo y las consecuencias económicas deun diagnóstico incorrecto son muy graves. Esta revisión está dirigida a los profesionales en el campo avícolacon el fin de clarificar conceptos básicos para el diagnóstico diferencial de las enfermedades neoplásicas. Enparticular se ha prestado mayor atención a la enfermedad de Marek (MD) y al diagnóstico diferencial entreMD y los tumores inducidos por retrovirus. El trabajo incluye la descripción de los diferentes agentes causalesde enfermedades neoplásicas en avicultura; los diferentes métodos para el diagnóstico diferencial y para eldiagnóstico precoz de MD; así como recomendaciones sobre la toma de muestras y métodos de conservaciónadecuados para cada método diagnóstico

Las ideas parentales sobre educación y desarrollo: un estudio longitudinal.

The aim of this study is to examine parental beliefs throughout the main developmental stages of children. A longitudinal 16-year follow up study has been done of 102 parents (55 mothers and 47 fathers). They responded to the Parents’ Ideas questionnaire at the main stages of child development: at birth (Time 1), at 22 months old (Time 2), at 7 years old (Time 3), and at 16 years old (Time 4). While, in general terms, configurational patterns tend to be stable over time, there are specific configurational patterns associated with the developmental stages of children, and more similarities can be found between Time 1 and Time 4, on one hand, and between Time 2 and Time 3 on the other. These results are discussed, arguing that big moments of change or parental insecurity contribute to reinforcing traditional ideology, and the utility of taking into account parental beliefs on development, upbringing and education when developing parent psychoeducational programs is considered.   El presente estudio tiene como objetivo conocer cómo se configuran las ideas parentales a lo largo de las principales etapas de desarrollo de los hijos e hijas. Durante dieciséis años se realiza un seguimiento longitudinal a 102 progenitores (55 madres y 47 padres). Se les administra el CIP (Cuestionario de Ideas de Padres) en cuatro momentos de las vidas de sus hijos e hijas: nacimiento (Tiempo 1), 22 meses (Tiempo 2), 7 años (Tiempo 3) y 16 años (Tiempo 4). Aunque, en líneas generales, el contenido de las ideas de los padres y madres tiende a mantenerse estable a lo largo del tiempo, existen patrones de configuración específicos asociados al momento evolutivo de los hijos e hijas, encontrándose más semejanzas entre Tiempo 1 y Tiempo 4, por un lado, y entre Tiempo 2 y Tiempo 3, por otro. Se discuten estos resultados argumentando que los grandes momentos de cambio o de inseguridad en el ejercicio de la paternidad contribuyen a subrayar los planteamientos de la ideología tradicional y se plantea la utilidad de conocer las ideas evolutivo-educativas de los progenitores de cara al desarrollo de programas psicoeducativos para padres y madres