In Vitro Shoot Multiplication of Garlic (Allium Sativum L.)

Shoot apex of Garlic, as explants, was used for experiment of bulb formation and shoot multiplication. HgCl2 (0.1%) as surface sterilizing agent was exposed five and ten minutes time duration. GA3 were added to MS basal medium and different concentration of full strength MS medium, half strength MS, one fourth MS and three fourth MS were taken to study their response on explants growth and development. In apex explants, best and early response (76%) for bulb formation and multiplication of shoots were observed in half strength MS medium containing 0.1µM GA3. while in three fourth MS medium without GA3, the bulb formation was delayed and minimum (60%)

Geographical Indications in India: Present scenario

Geographical Indication (GI) has developed as a significant type of Intellectual Property Rights issue in India. It provides the right to use the indication for the product to their manufacturers or producers from that particular region. It also means that they have the legal right to prohibit the use of the sign or name which doesn’t have certain qualities and characteristics ensured by the GI of that particular product. Till 30th September, 2020 out of 706 applications, 370 products were registered under GI in India. Some products were also registered by foreign countries in India. 15 products from 9 countries were registered for GI. Present paper emphasizes on process of GI registration in India, registration status of different products by states and year and highlight worldwide scenario of GI in force till 2018

Effect of magnetic field on unsteady natural convective flow of a micropolar fluid between two vertical walls

AbstractWe study theoretically the boundary layer flow of an incompressible micropolar fluid under uniform magnetic field and motion takes place due to the buoyancy force between vertical walls. The governing unsteady boundary layer momentum, angular momentum and energy equations of micropolar fluid are nondimensionalized and solved numerically. Analytic result for steady state case is also discussed. The effects of magnetic parameter (M), vortex viscosity parameter (R), Prandtl number (Pr) and material parameter (b) on velocity, micro-rotation and Temperature profiles are discussed through several figures

A Study of the Bulk Phase Transitions of the SU(2) Lattice Gauge Theory with Mixed Action

Using the finite size scaling theory, we re-examine the nature of the bulk phase transition in the fundamental-adjoint coupling plane of the SU(2) lattice gauge theory at $\beta_A = 1.25$ where previous finite size scaling investigations of the deconfinement phase transition showed it to be of first order for temporal lattices with four sites. Our simulations on $N^4$ lattices with N=6, 8, 10, 12 and 16 show an absence of a first order bulk phase transition. We find the discontinuity in the average plaquette to decrease approximately linearly with $N$. Correspondingly, the plaquette susceptibility grows a lot slower with the 4-volume of the lattice than expected from a first order bulk phase transition.Comment: LaTeX, 17 Pages; 7 Postscript Figures appende

Accuracy of different imaging modalities prior to biventricular repair in Tetralogy of Fallot

The aim of the present study was to determine the diagnostic accuracy of non-invasive tests in patients  with Tetralogy of Fallot prior to biventricular repair, and the need of invasive angiocardiography in specific  subgroups. A retrospective analysis was performed for paediatric patients with Tetralogy of Fallot who  underwent biventricular repair in three consecutive months. Patients were divided into two groups  according to their age: below and above 5 years. We compared the findings of different imaging modalities (e.g. echocardiography, multi-detector Computed Tomography (CT) and invasive angiocardiography) to intraoperative findings to determine their accuracies in different subgroups. Results showed that echocardiography is reliable for preoperative imaging, especially in younger children   (sensitivity=71.43%) and its findings are ‘moderately’ concordant with intraoperative findings  (kappa=0.439). For patients above 5 years of age, its sensitivity (29.41%) declines and findings are  ‘poorly’ concordant with intraoperative findings (kappa=0.093). With addition of multi-detector CT, the  findings of non-invasive means are ‘perfectly’ concordant with the intraoperative findings (kappa=1) in children below 5 years and ‘moderately’ concordant with those (kappa=0.4) in children above 5 years. The findings of CT are ‘moderately’ concordant with those of invasive angiocardiography (kappa=0.4). Tetralogy of Fallot patients below 5 years can directly be subjected to surgery with work-up including detailed echocardiography only. If anatomy is not clearly delineated, CT helps and invasive  angiocardiography is not essential. In patients above 5 years, CT has an important role in defining  anatomy. The need for catheterization is limited to hemodynamic evaluation of prior shunt and  embolization of aorto-pulmonary collaterals.KEY WORDS: Tetralogy of Fallot; Pulmonary artery; Aorto-pulmonary collaterals; Echocardiography; Computed Tomography; Invasive angiocardiograph

In Vitro Shoot Multiplication of Garlic (Allium Sativum L.)

Shoot apex of Garlic, as explants, was used for experiment of bulb formation and shoot multiplication. HgCl2 (0.1%) as surface sterilizing agent was exposed five and ten minutes time duration. GA3 were added to MS basal medium and different concentration of full strength MS medium, half strength MS, one fourth MS and three fourth MS were taken to study their response on explants growth and development. In apex explants, best and early response (76%) for bulb formation and multiplication of shoots were observed in half strength MS medium containing 0.1µM GA3. while in three fourth MS medium without GA3, the bulb formation was delayed and minimum (60%)