Strategy of organizational-technological solutions on production of lamb for sale in farms conditions

Surveys were conducted in the Nišava and Toplica districts in Serbia during 2018. The medium-sized private sheep farm (A) in Držanovac in the Toplica District and the small private sheep farm (B) in Orljan, in the Nišava District are being investigated. The volume and technology of sheep genotype production for lamb production for sale on both farms was monitored and economic results analyzed. During the study period, it was found that on farm A there were 150 heads of Merino breed and on farm B 75 heads. Total profit on Farm A without incentives in crop production: wheat 1,215.0 EUR, maize 1329.7 EUR, barley 1314.60 EUR, triticale 1561,50 EUR and in livestock breeding for 150 heads EUR 16,920, of which 13,500 EUR in lamb production. Also total profit on Farm B in crop production: wheat EUR 2,853.0, corn EUR 1329.6 and livestock production, by 75 heads, EUR 8,460, of which EUR 6,750 in lamb production

PRODUCTION OF APPLES AS A POSSIBILITY FOR FAMILY FARMS DEVELOPMENT

The paper analyzes cost effectiveness of invested funds for apple orchard establishment on the family farm located in Rasina District in Central Serbia. It is assumed that the apple orchard establishment on the family farm can contribute to reducing unemployment in rural areas and increasing income of individual farms. As a primary source of information accounting calculations were used, technological table of apple orchard establishment, internal records and the pilot version of the business plan of apple producers at the family farm. For more accurate view and better monitoring of data domestic and foreign literature, internet web sites, available statistical data on the production of apples and publications related to apples production has been used. Methods used for the paper preparation were: calculation of plantation establishment, cash inflows and outflows for the period planned for orchard exploitation, and indicators of economic efficiency. Total cost of planting of apple orchard on the family farm amounts to € 16,080 for one hectare. All economic indicators show positive results. The production is efficient, since the ratio is greater than zero. Planned production is profitable, because profits participate with 71% in total production value. Calculating productivity, it was found that production of one tonne of apples required 822 hours of workers’ labour. Establishing apple orchard is certainly high-budget investment, but it can be concluded that the economic effects of raising apple orchards on the farm was economically justified and cost-effective, based on the analyzed result

Proizvodni i ekonomski rezultati intenzivne proizvodnje šarana (Cyprinus Carpio) u Srbiji

Carp production in Serbia is traditionally conducted in large area fish farms under a semi-intensive farming system. Total area under fish farms in Serbia amounts to approximately 11 thousand hectares, with 8.5 thousand hectares being under exploitation each year. In 2004, a significant intensification of production began at fish farms in Serbia which have traditionally organized their production under a classic semi-intensive farming system. Intensification of production was undertaken with partial or complete feeding with pelleted complete feeds. That way carp production per area unit (kg/ha) was increased by over 50%. Apart from intensification by means of using the complete extruded feeds, construction of specialized fish farms for intensive carp production started in 2003. At this moment (2016) their area amounts to several hundred hectares. Data from intensive carp fish farms indicate that production of one- and two-year fish has been approximately 3t/ha in the period from 2003 until today, with a mild increase during the last couple of years. With the purpose of determining the cost effectiveness of investments in fish ponds for intensive carp production two organization-economic models have been analyzed in the study. The models have been formed based on in line with the specific features of the Serbian carp farming, which has been analyzed both on the basis of data obtained from the scientific and specialist literature but also from the production practice. Models of intensive carp production in technical and production sense have been defined in the study and production plans have been prepared. Therefore, based on such defined models, dynamic methods have been prepared for assessment of economic effects of the investments. The results of the analysis have demonstrated that investment in intensive carp production on 10ha fish farm is not, and on 50ha fish farm is barely economically justifiable, as well as methods for improvement of economic effectiveness.Proizvodnja šarana se u Srbiji tradicionalno sprovodi na ribnjacima velikih površina u poluintenzivnom sistemu uzgoja. Ukupne površine pod šaranskim ribnjacima u Srbiji iznose oko 11 hiljada hektara, pri čemu je oko 8.5 hiljada hektara godišnje u eksploataciji. U toku 2004 godine počinje intenzifikacija proizvodnje na šaranskim ribnjacima u Srbiji koji su tradicionalno obavljali proizvodnju u poluintenzivnom sistemu. Intenzifikacija je sprovedena uz delimičnu ili potpunu ishranu kompletnim peletiranim hranama. Na taj način proizvodnja po jedinici površine je povećana preko 50%. Sa druge strane, nevezano od intenzifikacije proizvodnje korišćenjem kompletnih hraniva, od 2003 godine počinje izgradnja specijalizovanih ribnjaka za intenzivnu proizvodnju šarana. U ovom momentu (2016) površine intenzivnih šaranskih ribnjaka iznose nekoliko stotina hektara. Proizvodnja na intenzivnim šaranskim ribnjacima u Srbiji iznosi oko 3t/ha, posmatrano u periodu od 2003 godine do danas, sa manjim povećanjem u poslednjih nekoliko godina. U svrhu utvrđivanja ekonomskih efekata investiranja u ribnjake za intenzivnu proizvodnju šarana, analizirana su dva organizaciono-ekonomska modela u ovom istraživanju. Modeli su definisani u skladu sa specifičnostima uzgoja šarana u Srbiji, koji su analizirani na osnovu podataka iz naučne i stručne literature, kao i prakse. Modeli intenzivne proizvodnje šarana su definisani u tehničkom i tehnološkom smislu, nakon čega su sastavljeni planovi proizvodnje. Nakon toga, na osnovu definisanih modela sastavljene su investicione kalkulacije pomoću kojih su obračunati dinamički pokazatelji efektivnosti investicija. Rezultati analize su pokazali da investicija u intenzivnu proizvodnju šarana na 10ha nije opravdana, dok je investicija u intenzivnu proizvodnju na 50ha opravdana. Takođe su dodatno ispitane mogućnosti za poboljšanje ekonomske efektivnosti obe investicije

Izbor akvizicione strategije i zbrinjavanje trgovinskog suficita prehrambenih proizvoda primenom modela simulacije

Real business environment opens up many possibilities of business conduct, so that appropriate strategies, compatible with multicriteria requirements of the environment, potentially lead to the realization of the set goal. Adequate schedule and the optimal combination of available resources are possible to establish by a mathematical formalization in terms of the theoretical model that connects business outcomes with a cause or a probability of their occurrence. Exactly research of the possibility of using and applying the results of theoretical models in solving the specific tasks in regard to expressing relations of initial assumptions related to selection of the optimal operating strategy, is the initial motive of this paper. The theoretical models, which describe the real problem, can be analysed analytically or by simulation, depending on its complexity and the variables type, which describe it. The model should provide achieving the managing balance through the model correction of the available operational resources, increasing in that way also the capacity of decision-making system in terms of futuristic knowledge insufficiency. The research results should show that the simulation model apply, in this particular example, enables to a company significant increase of business efficiency level, more complex utilization of the capacities, increase of the competitiveness, etc.Realni poslovni ambijent otvara brojne mogućnosti poslovnog ponašanja, tako da odgovarajuće strategije, kompatibilne višekriterijumskim zahtevima okruženja potencialno dovode do ostvarivanja postavljenog cilja. Adekvatan raspored i optimalnu kombinaciju raspolozivih resursa moguće je uspostaviti matematičkom formalizacijom u vidu teorijskog modela koji povezuje poslovne ishode sa uzrokom ili verovatnoćom njihovog nastanka. Upravo ispitivanjem mogućnosti korišćenja i rezultata primene teorijskih modela u rešavnju konkretnih zadataka u pogledu izražavanja odnosa početnih postavki u vezi sa izborom optimalne strategije funkcionisanja, polazni je motiv teme rada. Teorijski modeli prilagođeni praktičnim problemima, u uslovima stohastičke neodređenosti su regresiona analiza i modeli simulacije, u uslovima neizvesnih poslovnih ishoda odgovarajući konkurentski modeli, dok u uslovima determinističke povezanosti matematičko programiranje. Dakle, izgradnja modela treba da omogući postizanje upravljačke ravnoteže kroz modelsku korekciju raspoloživih operativnih resursa, podižući tako i kapacitet sistema odlučivanja u uslovima nedovoljnosti futuristickog znanja. Rezultati istraživanja treba da pokažu da primena simulacionog modela, u konkretnom primeru omogućava preduzeću značajno podizanje nivoa poslovne efikasnosti, potpunije iskorištenje kapaciteta, povećanje konkurentske sposobnosti itd

Upravljanje ljudskim resursima u 'AD Imlek Beograd'

Human resources include overall human potential within an organization: the available knowledge and experience, usable skills and abilities, possible ideas and creations, the level of motivation and interest in the achievement of organizational objectives, etc. The objective of this paper is to highlight the role and importance of human resource management (HRM) in achieving business success, based on the analysis of the most important theoretical and practical aspects of human resource management at the 'Imlek' Company. This study required the use of different methods and techniques such as: content analysis, case study, observation, testing and systemic approach. The study showed that sale of the Imlek Company products was widespread in the country and the region. An ongoing market advantage is achieved due to a high quality standard of products, and primarily due to an effective management of human resources. Company management should make formalization and unification, and implement a set of measures in order to improve discipline of the employees. Top workers should be motivated through incentives for performance and innovation.Ljudski resursi uključuju ukupne ljudske potencijale unutar organizacije: dostupno znanje i iskustvo, upotrebljive veštine i sposobnosti, moguće ideje i kreacije, nivo motivacije i interesovanja u ostvarivanju ciljeva organizacije, itd. Cilj ovog rada je da ukaže na ulogu i značaj koji upravljanje ljudskim resursima (ULjR) ima na poslovanje i ostvarivanje uspeha, i to na osnovu analize teorijski i praktično najznačajnijih aktivnosti upravljanja ljudskim resursima u kompaniji 'Imlek'. U pripremi ove studije korišćeni su različiti metodi i tehnike, kao što su: analiza sadržaja, studija slučaja, posmatranje, ispitivanje i sistemski pristup. Studija je pokazala da je prodaja proizvoda kompanije Implek široko rasprostranjena u zemlji i regionu. Postojeća prednost na tržištu postignuta je standardnim proizvodima visokog kvaliteta, ali pre svega, efikasnim upravljanjem ljudskim resursima. Menadžment kompanije treba da ostvari formalizaciju i ujedinjenje, i sprovede niz mera u cilju poboljšanja discipline zaposlenih. Najbolje radnike treba motivisati putem podsticaja za ostvarene rezultate i inovacije

ORGANIZATIONAL AND ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF PRODUCTION AND MEAT PROCESSING COMPANY

This paper presents the organizational-economic features of production and processing of meat in one of the leading companies in manufacturing and processing of meat in Serbia. Merge the relations that are related to organizational –economic, technical and technological segment

Ekonomska obilježja proizvodnje mlijeka u Sarajevsko-Romanijskoj regiji

Sarajevo-Romanija region entirely belongs to the hilly and mountainous region where livestock production is the dominant form of agriculture. The paper presents results of a research conducted on a sample of ten farms engaged in dairy production. The use of scientific methods has helped us gain a clearer picture of basic organizational and economic characteristics of dairy production in the Sarajevo-Romanija region. Farm production conditions are characterized by marked heterogeneity, resulting in variability of economic performance. In cases where there was a higher degree of fulfillment of prescribed organizational and technological measures, satisfactory economic performance was achieved and the farms, with additional improvements implemented, have further prospects in milk and calf production.Sarajevsko-romanijska regija u potpunosti pripada brdsko-planinskom području, gdje je stočarstvo preovlađujući oblik poljoprivredne proizvodnje. U radu su predstavljeni rezultati istraživanja sprovedenih na uzorku od deset porodičnih gazdinstava koja se bave proizvodnjom mlijeka. Uslovi proizvodnje na gazdinstvima karakterišu se izraženom heterogenošću, što prouzrokuje varijabilitet ekonomskog uspjeha poslovanja. U slučajevima gdje je zabilježen viši stepen ispunjenja propisanih organizaciono-tehnološkim mjera ostvareni su zadovoljavajući ekonomski rezultati i ta gazdinstva, uz dodatna poboljšanja, imaju dalju perspektivu u proizvodnji mlijeka i teladi

Human resource management at 'AD Imlek Belgrade'

Human resources include overall human potential within an organization: the available knowledge and experience, usable skills and abilities, possible ideas and creations, the level of motivation and interest in the achievement of organizational objectives, etc. The objective of this paper is to highlight the role and importance of human resource management (HRM) in achieving business success, based on the analysis of the most important theoretical and practical aspects of human resource management at the 'Imlek' Company. This study required the use of different methods and techniques such as: content analysis, case study, observation, testing and systemic approach. The study showed that sale of the Imlek Company products was widespread in the country and the region. An ongoing market advantage is achieved due to a high quality standard of products, and primarily due to an effective management of human resources. Company management should make formalization and unification, and implement a set of measures in order to improve discipline of the employees. Top workers should be motivated through incentives for performance and innovation.Ljudski resursi uključuju ukupne ljudske potencijale unutar organizacije: dostupno znanje i iskustvo, upotrebljive veštine i sposobnosti, moguće ideje i kreacije, nivo motivacije i interesovanja u ostvarivanju ciljeva organizacije, itd. Cilj ovog rada je da ukaže na ulogu i značaj koji upravljanje ljudskim resursima (ULjR) ima na poslovanje i ostvarivanje uspeha, i to na osnovu analize teorijski i praktično najznačajnijih aktivnosti upravljanja ljudskim resursima u kompaniji 'Imlek'. U pripremi ove studije korišćeni su različiti metodi i tehnike, kao što su: analiza sadržaja, studija slučaja, posmatranje, ispitivanje i sistemski pristup. Studija je pokazala da je prodaja proizvoda kompanije Implek široko rasprostranjena u zemlji i regionu. Postojeća prednost na tržištu postignuta je standardnim proizvodima visokog kvaliteta, ali pre svega, efikasnim upravljanjem ljudskim resursima. Menadžment kompanije treba da ostvari formalizaciju i ujedinjenje, i sprovede niz mera u cilju poboljšanja discipline zaposlenih. Najbolje radnike treba motivisati putem podsticaja za ostvarene rezultate i inovacije

Produktivnost i profitabilnost u proizvodnji kupusa

The authors perform an analysis of economic indicators in the production of cabbage in the Republic of Macedonia, based on statistics (2005- 2009) and data from directly interviewed thirty family holdings. In doing so, they found that cabbage in this country is produced on average area of 3,947 hectares. Total production, with an average yield of 22,342 kg/ha, is 88,182 tones in average, which is 11.4% of the total production of horticultural products. Production of cabbage is mainly concentrated in three statistical regions, as follows: 37.43% in the Southeast region, 12.54% in Pelagonia region and 11.15% in Polog region of the total area in the country. Because of that, surveys are carried out in these three regions. Labor productivity varies between 30.0 kg/h in the Southeast and 34.9 kg/h in Polog region and inside the region 26.7 to 39.2 kg/h. Although average yields at the surveyed producers are largest in Polog region (on average 39,980 kg/ha), the efficiency of invested assets is lowest. The profit is 211.6 EUR/ha in average. This is why they sell the entire production on the wholesale market where the purchase price is lowest. In contrast, highest profit (on average 1,389.4 EUR/ha) accomplish the producers from Pelagonia region because they produce with lowest unit costs and sell the products with highest price, compared to other producers.Autori su, na bazi statističkih (2005-2009) i podataka direktno anketiranih trideset porodičnih gazdinstava, izvršili analizu ekonomskih pokazatelja u proizvodnji kupusa u Republici Makedoniji. Utvrdili su da se u Republici Makedoniji kupus proizvodi na prosečnoj površini od 3. 947 hektara. Ukupna proizvodnja, pri prosečnom prinosu od 22.342 kg/ha, iznosi 88.182 tona, što je 11,4% od ukupne proizvodnje povrtarskih proizvoda. Proizvodnja kupusa uglavnom je koncentrisana u tri statističkih regiona, i to: 37,43% u Jugoistočnom regionu, 12,54% u Pelagonijskom regionu i u Pološkom regionu 11,15% od ukupne površine u zemlji. Produktivnost rada kreće se između 30,0 kg/h u Jugoistočnom i 34,9 kg/h u Pološkom regionu, a unutar regiona od 26,7 do 39,2 kg/h. Iako su prosečni prinosi kod anketiranih proizvođači iz Pološkog regiona najveći (u proseku 39.980 kg/ha), efikasnost uloženih sredstava je najniža. Profit u proseku iznosi 211,6 EUR/ha jer poizvođači svu proizvodnju plasiraju na kvantaškim pijacama, gde je otkupna cena najniža. Nasuprot ovome, najveći profit (u proseku 1.389,4 EUR/ha) ostvaruju proizvođači iz Pelagonijskog regiona, zato što proizvode po najnižoj ceni koštanja, a prodaju po najvišoj prodajnoj ceni u poređenju sa ostalim proizvođačima

Menadžment proizvodnje preduzeća za otkup i doradu šumskih plodova

The aim was to discuss organizational and economic issues of some major business indices of an enterprise. An overview of organizational and economic as well as technical and technological segments of an enterprise was given and links and relationships were described. The objective was to analyze positive business results in the enterprise focused on the purchase and processing of mushrooms, wild fruits and medicinal plants but also to mitigate or eliminate any adverse effects influencing business activities.U radu su razmatrane organizaciono-ekonomske strane najvažnijih pokazatelja poslovanja radne jedinice koja je u sastavu Javnog preduzeća. Prikazane su i objašnjene veze i odnosi organizaciono-ekonomskih i tehničko-tehnoloških segmenata poslovanja preduzeća. Krajnji cilj rada je sagledavanje pozitivnih strana u poslovanju preduzeća za otkup i preradu gljiva, šumskih plodova i lekovitog bilja, kao i otklanjanje ili smanjenje uticaja onih faktora koji se nepovoljno odražavaju na poslovanje