Numerical Studies on Laser Welded Top-Hat Column under Axial Collision Based on the Concept of Super-Folding Element

Extruded longitudinal double-skinned aluminium body plates with integrated stiffeners are recently used for manufacturing in automobile industry like front rails and railway carriages. These extrusions provide light and heavy rigid structures. However, since it is not feasible to produce large parts by extrusion, these plates need to be connected, mostly by welding techniques. The crashworthiness performance of laser welded columns is evaluated using finite element (FE) analysis. This is very important in automobiles, since more attention is being paid to crashworthiness of the structures in recent years. The analysis method is based on the Superfolding Element (SE) concept, which originates from experimentally observed folding patterns of crushed shell elements. The FE model is used to predict accurately the progressive axial collapse of the lased welded columns and impact strength is greatly improved by laser welding technique

Effect of oil cakes and garlic aqueousbased formulations of trichoderma viride on management of meloidogyne incognita in chilli

Root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid and White) is a major threat to chilli (Capsicum annum) cultivation, by forming root galls and subsequent wilting. These nematodes live in soil, roots debris and reported surviving in other Solanaceae crops. Chemical application of nematicides cause impact on environment, therefore biocontrol using antagonistic fungi is desired to tackle this problem. This research is aimed to evaluate the effect of Trichoderma viride and its formulations on management of M. incognita. Oil cakes such as neem (Azadiracta indica), gingelly (Sesamum indicum), Mahua (Madhuca longifolia) and garlic (Allium sativum) extracts were used to evaluate the growth and sporulation of T. viride. Chilli variety MI-2 was used. Among the four preparations, neem oil cake recorded high spore yield of 1.75 ×107 spores/ml. Similarly gingelly oil cake and garlic produced the spore yields of 1.57 ×107 spores/ml and 1.368 ×107 spores/ml, respectively. Comparatively Mahua oil cake obtained low spore yield of 7.87×106 spores/ml. Plant growth was significant (P<0.05) in the application of neem oil cake formulation (30.42 cm). Extent of galling was significantly low with garlic (9.00) and neem (9.25). These results confirmed that the formulations of neem, gingelly oil cake extracts and garlic aqueous extract stimulated the chilli plant growth, productivity and reduced the nematode infestation. Above all, neem oil cake and garlic are the best formulations that can be used to manage M. incognit

Flow Field and Heat Transfer Investigation of a Confined Laminar Slot Air Jet on a Solid Block

A numerical investigation is carried out to investigate the fluid flow field and heat transfer characteristics of two dimensional laminar incompressible jet flows. Simulations are performed for a single vertical slot jet on a block mounted on the bottom wall and the top wall is confined by a parallel wall surface. The present study reveals the vital impact of the Aspect Ratio (AR) and Reynolds number (Re) on the fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics over a wide range. It is observed that the presence of a solid block in the channel increases the overall unsteadiness in the flow. The correlation between the Reynolds numbers and reattachment length is suggested, for all Aspect Ratios (ARs). The horizontal velocity profile at various downstream locations for all ARs is employed to find out the location where the flow gets fully developed. The primary peak value of the Nusselt number (Nu) occurs at the stagnation point, and the secondary peak is at a downstream location. The average Nusselt number increases with the increase of Reynolds number and decreases with the increase of the distance between the jet and the block. The heat transfer correlations between the Reynolds number and Nusselt number are analyzed for constant wall temperature boundary conditions

Generating a potent inhibitor against MCF7 breast cancer cell through artificial intelligence based virtual screening and molecular docking studies

844-856Artificial Intelligence (AI) has been widely adopted by pharmaceutical industry to aid rationally drug design and development by fostering the quick delivery of drug targets with optimized structures in spite of huge chemical space of >1060 drug molecules. Tamoxifen, Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator (SERM), is the drug for breast cancer cell, MCF 7 with many side effects. Tamoxifen may cause side effects like increased bone or tumor pain, pain or reddening around the tumor site, hot flashes, nausea and excessive tiredness etc., Therefore, compound which can resist ER’s bioactivity is considered as an important target for treating breast cancer. In this study, AI based Virtual Screening (VS) method using an efficient Generative Neural Network (GNN) model has been experimented to generate high inhibitory potential hit drug-like inhibitors. Physicochemical, Pharmacokinetic and toxicity analysis are carried out for conforming the sub-selection of drug-likeness of inhibitors. Additionally, Molecular Docking studies with DNA (355D) and protein (3EU7) are performed for the evaluation of binding affinity, prediction of intermolecular interactions and inhibition constant. The docked results of the inhibitor M22 (methyl 2-[(2-benzoylphenyl) carbamoyl] benzoate) has low free energy of binding (-8.61 Kcal/mol and -8.05 Kcal/mol) and low Inhibition constant, Ki, value (0.486 μM and 1.25 μM) as compared to Tamoxifen (-6.7 Kcal/mol & -5.62 Kcal/mol and 12.2 μM & 75.85 μM). Thus, minimum amount of the M22 inhibitor is enough as compared to Tamoxifen and M22 has 3 benzene rings, extended conjugation, amide linkage and huge number of labile electrons which facilitates as a potent drug. This study provides a greenish path to synthesise a potent inhibitor, M22, for further experimental studies rather than preparing number of inhibitors on the atom economy way

Antimicrobial and free radical scavenging activity of Cassia auriculata L. flowers

The antimicrobial and free radical scavenging activity of various solvent extract of Cassia auriculata flowers were assessed. Among the different extracts tested, methanol and petroleum ether extracts showed significant antimicrobial and radical scavenging activities. The most susceptible microorganisms were found to be Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans. These could be responsible for observed activity in the flower of the plant, thus justifying its traditional uses especially in the treatment of microbial infections. IJONAS Vol. 3 (1) 2007: pp. 39-4