Car Detecting Method using high Resolution images

A car detection method is implemented using high resolution images, because these images gives high level of object details in the image as compare with satellite images. There are two feature extraction algorithms are used for implementation such as SIFT (Scale Invariant Feature Transform) and HOG (Histogram of Oriented Gradient). SIFT keypoints of objects are first extracted from a set of reference images and stored in a database. HOG descriptors are feature descriptors used in image processing for the purpose of object detection. The HOG technique counts occurrences of gradient orientation in localized portions of an image. The HOG algorithm used for extracting HOG features. These HOG features will be used for classification and object recognition. The classification process is performed using SVM (Support Vector Machine) classifier. The SVM builds a model with a training set that is presented to it and assigns test samples based on the model. Finally get the SIFT results and HOG results, then compare both results to check better accuracy performance. The proposed method detects the number of cars more accuratel

Isolation, identification and screening of potential cellulase-free xylanase producing fungi and its production

In order to isolate cellulase-free xylanase producing fungi, screening and isolation was done using composting soil as microbial source. Eight fungal species were selected for further study based on clearing zones formation on agar media containing covalently linked xylan with dye cibacron brilliant red-3BA. Both solid state and submerged fermentations were done with eight fungal isolates to identify strain that could produce highest amount of cellulase-free xylanase at a pH of 5.5 and at 28 ± 2°C temperature. Under solid state conditions, 50% of the strains produced xylanase (45.78 to 923 U gds-1) and lower amount of cellulase (20 to 33 U gds-1). The amount of soluble protein was also determined which ranged between 67 to 99 mg gds-1. In submerged conditions, 25% strains produced xylanase (45 to 205 U mL-1) and negligible amount of cellulase (12 to 13 U mL-1). The amount of soluble protein was determined which ranged between 45 and 85 U ml-1 in submerged conditions. Growth was determined in terms of mycelial dry weight which ranged between 0.70 and 2.90 mg mL-1.Keywords: Cellulase-free xylanase, xylan, solid state fermentation, submerged fermentatio

A Study on Sagana Vatham

Neck pain is one of the most common clinical symptom that one encounters in day to day life. Its etiology varies widely like professionally adopted inappropriate posture, neck injury, age related degenerative changes etc. SAGANA VATHAM is one among the 80 types of vatha diseases, as described by the siddhar Yugi. This disease affects the neck & upper extremities with its signs and symptoms like that of Cervical Spondylosis. Vengara Sanjeevi Chendura Mathirai is a formulation mentioned in Brahmamuni Vaithya Soothiram Part II, which finds an indication for vatha diseases. Therefore it was desired to evaluate the efficacy of Vengara Sanjeevi Chendura Mathirai in the treatment of SAGANA VATHAM. The trial drug was subjected to biochemical and pharmacological analysis. 20 OP and 20 IP patients of both sexes were selected. They were administered with the trial drug. At the end of the study, majority of the cases showed good response. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION: Twenty cases with Sagana Vatham (Cervical spondylosis) were diagnosed clinically and admitted in In patients ward and treated with the trial medicines. Another 20 cases were treated as out patients. All the inpatients were followed in the outpatient department after discharge. The clinical diagnosis was done on the basis of clinical features described in “Yugi Vaidhya Sindhamani-800”. The trial medicines chosen for the clinical study was: Vengara Sanjeevi Chendura Mathirai – 1, twice daily, after food Adjuvant – Milagu choornam, Thippili choornam, Inji saaru Biochemical analysis revealed that the trial drug possess chloride, starch, ferrous iron, amino acid and unsaturated compound. Pharmacological report revealed that the drug possess moderate anti – inflammatory, analgesic & anti-pyretic actions. The various siddha aspects of examinations of this disease were carried out.The clinical features of Sagana Vatham described in various Siddha literatures were correlated with Cervical spondylosis. From this study, SAGANA VATHAM (Cervical spondylosis) seemed to occur in persons susceptible to neck strain because of keeping the neck constantly in one position while working on or from the wide use of two wheelers on bad roads. On the other hand it also occurs in people of low socio-economic status, who carry heavy weights especially on head. In this study neck pain, numbness/ tingling sensation with/without weakness of arm, giddiness were the commonly observed symptoms in the patients. Most of the foresaid were due to vitiation of vatham. As per our siddha materia medica the ingredients of the trial drug were found to have the property of controlling vatha diseases. The results were assessed on the basis of symptomatic improvement using universal pain assessment scale. The result was found to be: Good in 75% of the cases. Moderate in 15% of the cases. No response 10% of the cases. The relief (or) improvement was observed only clinically and there was no change in the radiological findings. No toxic side effects were noticed during the treatment period. The trial drug Vengara Sanjeevi Chendura Mathirai proved to be a potent formulation in the treatment of SAGANA VATHAM (Cervical spondylosis)

Demographic and Behavioural Segmentation of Tourist at Pilgrimages in Satara of Maharashtra State

Paper aims to understand demographic and behavioural tourist segmentation at pilgrimage destinations of Satara district. There are places known for pilgrimage however, 3 well-known destinations viz. Aundh, Wai and Sajjangarh are selected for study. Structured schedule executed to interview 97 tourists at tourist sites. Descriptive and Multivariate statistical tools are used i.e. two step cluster analysis to determine the segmentation. Hypotheses proposed to test viz. There is significant difference among the demographic variable of the sample. ANOVA was used to test the hypothesis. The results show that there is significant difference in the demographic variables available in sample data. Based on demographic variables two clusters were sorted and based on behavioural pattern 2 clusters found at Wai and Sajjangarh and 3 at Aundh. Scale of demographic variable cluster quality is just adequate at all pilgrimage centres. However at behavioural based quality scale is poor at Wai, satisfactory at rest of the destination. Demographic profile denote that majority of tourist come from other than Maharashtra, family tourist, Day visitors, repeaters found more and majority have used personal car to visit the sites.. Friends and relatives reference used to know the site

Isolation, Purification, and Characterization of Xylanase Produced by a New Species of Bacillus

A thermoalkalophilic new species of Bacillus, similar to Bacillus arseniciselenatis DSM 15340, produced extracellular xylanase under solid state fermentation when wheat bran is used as carbon source. The extracellular xylanase was isolated by ammonium sulfate (80%) precipitation and purified using ion exchange chromatography. The molecular weight of xylanase was ~29.8 ;kDa. The optimum temperature and pH for the enzyme activity were 50°C and pH 8.0. The enzyme was active on birchwood xylan and little active on p-nitrophenyl xylopyranoside but not on Avicel, CMC, cellobiose, and starch, showing its absolute substrate specificity. For birchwood xylan, the enzyme gave a Km 5.26 ;mg/mL and Vmax 277.7 ;μmol/min/mg, respectively. In addition, the xylanase was also capable of producing high-quality xylo-oligosaccharides, which indicated its application potential not only in pulp biobleaching processes but also in the nutraceutical industry

Effect of periodontal therapy on maxillary sinus mucous membrane thickening in chronic periodontitis: A split-mouth study

Background. This study evaluated the effect of periodontal therapy on mucous membrane thickening in maxillary sinus in chronic periodontitis patients using radiovisiography (RVG) and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods. The study population included 30 patients diagnosed with chronic periodontitis, exhibiting bilateral mucosal thickening of maxillary sinus. The selected sites were randomly assigned to group I (control group - not receiving periodontal therapy) and group II (test group - receiving periodontal therapy). The clinical parameters and mucosal thickening of the maxillary sinus were evaluated at baseline and after 9 months. Results. There was a significant decrease in the PPD, CAL as well as mucosal thickening in group II while, group I showed an increase in these parameters. In group II at the end of 9 months the mean mucosal thickening reduction as assessed by CBCT was 0.76±0.18, 0.73±0.24, 0.88±0.42 and 1.13±0.43 mm at the most anterior point (AP), the most posterior point (PP), the mid-point (MP), point of maximum thickness (MT) as well as in the length of the thickened mucosal lining, respectively. Conclusion. The results of our study indicated a reduction in the mucosal thickening of the maxillary sinus after surgical periodontal therapy. The trial was registered with the Clinical Trial Registry of India (Trial REF/ 2016/02/010805)

Biallelic variants in COX4I1 associated with a novel phenotype resembling Leigh syndrome with developmental regression, intellectual disability, and seizures

Autosomal recessive COX4I1 deficiency has been previously reported in a single individual with a homozygous pathogenic variant in COX4I1, who presented with short stature, poor weight gain, dysmorphic features, and features of Fanconi anemia. COX4I1 encodes subunit 4, isoform 1 of cytochrome c oxidase. Cytochrome c oxidase is a respiratory chain enzyme that plays an important role in mitochondrial electron transport and reduces molecular oxygen to water leading to the formation of ATP. Defective production of cytochrome c oxidase leads to a variable phenotypic spectrum ranging from isolated myopathy to Leigh syndrome. Here, we describe two siblings, born to consanguineous parents, who presented with encephalopathy, developmental regression, hypotonia, pathognomonic brain imaging findings resembling Leigh‐syndrome, and a novel homozygous variant on COX4I1, expanding the known clinical phenotype associated with pathogenic variants in COX4I1

Temporomandibular Joint Pain

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a synovial articulation between mandibular condyle and glenoid fossa in the temporal bone. Any structural and/or functional changes can affect the TMJ and related structures. Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) is a heterogeneous group of musculoskeletal disorders mainly characterised by regional pain in the facial and preauricular area and/or limitations/interference of jaw movement. TMD has multifactorial aetiology, which includes biology, and environmental social, emotional, and cognitive factors. TMD is more common orofacial pain condition and nondental origin. Factors associated with TMD include other pain condition, auto-immune disorder and psychiatric illness. The clinical conditions may present with limitation in opening and closing mouth, pain and articular noise. So this chapter mainly deals with the classification of TMJ disorder, diagnosis and management particularly TENS and ultrasound therapy for TMJ disorder

Design, synthesis and evaluation of benzofuran-acetamide scaffold as potential anticonvulsant agent

A series of N-(2-(benzoyl/4-chlorobenzoyl)-benzofuran-3-yl)-2-(substituted) acetamide derivatives (4a-l, 5a-l) was synthesized in good yield. All the synthesized compounds were in agreement with elemental and spectral data. The anticonvulsant activity of all synthesized compounds was assessed against the maximal electroshock induced seizures (MES) model in mice. Neurotoxicity was evaluated using the rotarod method. The majority of compounds exhibited anticonvulsant activity at a dose of 30 mg kg–1 body mass during 0.5–4 h, indicating their ability to prevent seizure spread at low doses. Relative to phenytoin, compounds 5i [N-(2-(4-chlorobenzoyl)-benzofuran-3-yl)-2-(cyclohexyl(methyl)amino)-acetamide] and 5c [N-(2-(4-chlorobenzoyl)-benzofuran-3-yl)-2-(4-methylpiperidin-1-yl)acetamide] demonstrated comparable relative anticonvulsant potency of 0.74 and 0.72, respectively, whereas compound 5f [(N-(2-(4-chlorobenzoyl)-benzofuran-3-yl)-2-(4-(furan-2-carbonyl)-piperazin-1-yl) acetamide] exhibited the lowest relative potency of 0.16. The ALD50 of tested compounds ranged from 1.604 to 1.675 mmol kg–1 body mass. The ED50 of synthesized compounds ranged from 0.055 to 0.259 mmol kg–1 (~23.4 to 127.6 mg kg–1) body mass. The pharmacophore mapping of the examined compounds on standard drugs (phenobarbital, phenytoin, ralitolin and carbamazepine) strongly suggests that these compounds may exert their anticonvulsant activity via the same established mechanism as that of known drugs