Corrigendum to: “The effect of Phoenix dactylifera pollen on the expression of NRF2, SOD2, CAT, and GPX4 genes, and sperm parameters of fertile and infertile men: A controlled clinical trial” [Int J Reprod BioMed 2021; 19: 545-558]"

This article is a Corrigendum to: “The effect of Phoenix dactylifera pollen on the expression of NRF2, SOD2, CAT, and GPX4 genes, and sperm parameters of fertile and infertile men: A controlled clinical trial” [Int J Reprod BioMed 2021; 19: 545-558]". Please download the PDF or view the article HTML

The effect of Phoenix dactylifera pollen on the expression of NRF2, SOD2, CAT, and GPX4 genes, and sperm parameters of fertile and infertile men: A controlled clinical trial

Background: Oxidative stress is caused by the imbalance occurring between the creation and clearance of the reactive oxygen species (ROS), which is responsible for 30–40% of male infertility. The positive impact of phoenix dactylifera pollen (Date palm pollen, DPP) on the improvement of sperm parameters has been well documented in animal models. Objective: For evaluating the effect(s) of DPP on sperm parameters, ROS levels, expression of antioxidant genes, and activity of antioxidant enzymes of infertile men. Materials and Methods: In this controlled clinical trial, a total of 60 male case with infertility and 20 normospermic fertile men were recruited. Before and after the treatment with DPP, the case were administered 400 mg/kg of gelatinous capsules daily for 30 consecutive days and semen samples were taken. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was applied for the evaluation of the mRNA expression levels of Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(NRF2), superoxide dismutase (SOD2), glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4), and catalase (CAT) genes. Results: The mRNA expression levels of NRF2, SOD2, GPX4, and CAT (p < 0.05 for all) and significantly increased after treatment with DPP. The increased expressions of all antioxidant genes and enzymes significantly correlated with improvement in semen parameters including count (p = 0.01), motility (p = 0.05), and morphology (p = 0.01) of sperm. A significant correlation between the alteration of SOD2 gene expression and SOD activity, GPX4 and GPX, and CAT were also observed (p = 0.05). Conclusion: DPP can increase the expressions of NRF2, GPX4, SOD2, and CAT genes and also improve the semen quality in infertile men. Key words: DPP, Male infertility, SOD2, NRF2, GPX4, CAT, ROS, Spermatozoa

Sensory processing patterns and sleep quality in primary school children

ABSTRACTObjectives: Sensory processing and sleep quality affect children's academic performance and their quality of life. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between sensory processing patterns and sleep quality in primary schoolchildren.Materials & Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 231 primary school students aged 7 to 12 years old (133 girls and 98 boys, mean age of 8.68±1.51) who were studying in schools in Tehran were randomly selected through cluster sampling. Researchers distributed a questionnaire for children's sleep habits to assess the quality of sleep and a Sensory Profile Questionnaire to assess the sensory processing patterns.Results: In this study, we found a meaningful moderate relationship between sensory processing patterns and the general scores of sleep habits (p <0.001) and each of the patterns of sensory processing (avoidance, sensitivity, seeking, and registration) had a negative relationship with areas of sleep habits (p =.005). Also, there was a significant difference between children who had more challenges with sleep and children with normal sleep patterns in sensory processing; mean differences in all four sensory quadrants were significant (p <001).Conclusion: Sensory processing patterns and sleep habits in primary school children have moderate correlation. Occupational therapists should consider the relationship between sensory challenges and sleep habits during their practice decisions with sensory challenges and sleep problems. Better sleep may occur with attention to sensory needs within the sleep routines. When sleep is better, this may lead to improved quality of life for the family and student performance at school

Comparison of C-Reactive Protein Concentrations of Patients with Preeclampsia and Normal Pregnancies

Abstract: Preeclampsia is one of the complications of pregnancy and is one of the most important causes of maternal and fetal death. This disease usually occurs after the 20 th week of pregnancy. Hypertension, proteinuria and different degrees of end organ damage may be present in this disease. The aim of this study was to compare CRP levels in normal pregnancies with pregnancies involved with preeclampsia. This was a cross sectional study that was conducted in 2012 among pregnant women who attended Shariati Hospital of Bandar Abbas. About 200 participants were included in this study and were divided into three groups with a 1:1:2 ratios. Blood samples were taken from all the participants and the CRP level was measured by the Latex Agglutination test. Data was analyzed with SPSS v.21 software using t-test and descriptive statistics. The CRP level was 17.858 ± 19.7457 in patients of the severe group, 15.106 ± 18.2851 among the mild group and 6.576 ± 7.5491 among the control group. The differences between the CRP levels of the three groups were statistically significant (P < 0.001). On the other hand the difference of the CRP levels of the severe and mild preeclampsia group was not significant ( P-value > 0.05). Our results show that CRP can be known as a risk factor for preeclampsia among pregnant women. Although performing a systematic review i

Safety and Efficacy of Misoprostol versus Oxytocin for the Prevention of Postpartum Hemorrhage

Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is the commonest cause of maternal death worldwide. Studies suggest that the use of misoprostol may be beneficial in clinical settings where oxytocin is unavailable. The aim of this study was to compare the safety and efficacy of oxytocin and misoprostol when used in the prevention of PPH. In a double-blind randomized controlled trial, 400 pregnant women who had a vaginal delivery were assigned into two groups: to receive either 20 IU of oxytocin in 1000 mL Ringer’s solution and two placebo tablets or 400 mcg oral misoprostol (as two tablets) and 2 mL normal saline in 1000 mL Ringer’s solution. The quantity of blood loss was higher in the oxytocin group in comparison to the misoprostol group. There was no significant difference in the decrease in hematocrit and hemoglobin between the two groups. Although there was no significant difference in the need for transfusions between the two groups, the patients in the oxytocin group had greater need for additional oxytocin. Results from this study indicate that it may be considered as an alternative for oxytocin in low resource clinical settings. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01863706

Exploring first-time pregnant women's motivations for planning vaginal delivery: A qualitative study

Background: In spite of medical indications, preferences for the mode of delivery are influenced by several factors. However, as the literature suggests, the underlying motivation of women choosing vaginal delivery is rarely attended to. The current study aimed to explore first-time pregnant women's motivation for planning vaginal delivery. Materials and Methods: An exploratory design with in-depth interviews was employed from September 2015 to March 2016. Participants were asked key questions about their beliefs about vaginal delivery, perceived outcomes of vaginal delivery, the impact of others perspectives on their decision, and factors that might inhibit or facilitate vaginal delivery. A community advertisement was placed in obstetricians' offices, public health departments, as well as beauty salons throughout the city of Bandar Abbas, Iran, to enroll target participants. All interviews were tape-recorded, transcribed, and subsequently analyzed. Results: Twelve pregnant women within the age range of 19–33 years volunteered to participate. Ninety four initial codes were obtained. These codes were then summed up into three themes as well as six subthemes. The three themes specified were personal beliefs, deliberation and risk assessment, and personal autonomy. Conclusions: A number of key motivating factors such as fast recovery after vaginal delivery, immediate breastfeeding, and powerful bonding were identified, which were influential in choosing vaginal delivery. Awareness of the fact that the provided information shapes women's beliefs and can lead to attitude changes, midwives played a key role in shaping positive and healthy attitudes toward natural birth giving as well as empower them to make autonomous decision

Misoprostol versus High Dose Oxytocin and Laminaria in Termination of Pregnancy in Second Trimester Pregnancies

Background: In 2 recent decades, found drug regimen to induce abortion that are more effective than surgery. Prostaglandins especially misoprostol, oxytocin and osmotic dilators such as laminaria use for termination but the best method is unknown. Therefore we aimed to assess the comparison between the Misoprostol regimen and the highly concentrated oxytocin with laminaria regimen in second trimester of pregnancy termination. Methods: In this randomized clinical trial, 100 women with gestational age 14 to 24 week coming to hospital due to termination of pregnancy in the absence of uterine contractions and items of exclusion criteria enrolled to study and randomly assign to 2 groups and received misoprostol (group 1) or oxytocin (group 2). Data collected with use of observation, examination and demographic checklist. In group 1, in admission time and then every 6 hour patients received 200 µgr misoprostol until start the pain or vaginal bleeding or abortion in 48 hr. in group 2, patients first received laminaria in cervix with duration of 6 hr and then oxytocin 50 unit in 500 cc normal saline in 3 hr. after 1 hr rest, oxytocin dosage elevated as multiple into 2 and continue until termination or maximum dose of 300 u in 500 cc normal saline. Data entered to SPSS software version 16 and analyzed with use of descriptive methods and also Chi- square and T-test. Results: In each group enrolled 50 women that approximately no different in baseline characteristic. Number of abortion in misoprostol group was more than oxytocin group (P<0.001) and duration of abortion also was shorter than oxytocin in misoprostol group (P<0.001). Side effects in 23 (46%) women in misoprostol group were seen but no side effect seen in oxytocin group. Complementally interventions was seen in 31 women (60%) in misoprostol group versus 32 women (62%) in oxytocin group but this difference was not significant (P>0.05). Conclusion: This study demonstrated that misoprostol is effective than oxytocin in termination of pregnancy but with attention to limitation of this study include of limited abortion causes due to legal laws, additional studies on different doses of misoprostol and oxytocin due to achieve to suitable regimen with lower side effects recommended

Educational Interventions for Women based on the Behavioral model/theory concerning Cervical Cancer: A Systematic Review

Introduction: Cervical cancer is the second most prevalent cancer worldwide among women and is also the second primary cause of cancer-induced mortalities among women at a global scale. The most effective educational programs are based on theoretical approaches derived from behavior change models. The present systematic review aimed to explore and identify the body of research with educational interventions based on a particular behavioral or cognitive model of cervical cancer. Methods: A number of keywords were search in the following databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct, Google Scholar, Embase, Scopus, Biomedcentral, IranMedex, SID and Magiran. These keywords were: Cervix cancer, uterine cervical neoplasms, screening, prevention and control, Papaniocolaou Test, Pap test, Pap smear, education, intervention, cervical cancer, theory and model, behavior model. The search time span was restricted to 2005 to 2020. Results: From among all the published academic papers with educational interventions, finally 22 papers were selected based on a particular theory or model. Among these papers, those based on the health belief model outnumbered the rest concerning cervical cancer. The Transtheoretical Model (TTM) model was the second most prevalent model adopted in the theory-based educational interventions. Conclusions: Educational interventions based on the behavioral theory or model showed to be effective on the target group concerning screening (secondary behavior) for cervical cancer. To further increase the effectiveness of the educational interventions, there is a need for a combination of new methods and theory-laden education to enhance the primary preventive behaviors of cervical cancer

Educational Interventions for Women based on the Behavioral model/theory concerning Cervical Cancer: A Systematic Review

&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; Introduction: Cervical cancer is the second most prevalent cancer worldwide among women and is also the second primary cause of cancer-induced mortalities among women at a global scale. The most effective educational programs are based on theoretical approaches derived from behavior change models. The present systematic review aimed to explore and identify the body of research with educational interventions based on a particular behavioral or cognitive model of cervical cancer. Methods: A number of keywords were search in the following databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct, Google Scholar, Embase, Scopus, Biomedcentral, IranMedex, SID and Magiran. These keywords were: Cervix cancer, uterine cervical neoplasms, screening, prevention and control, Papaniocolaou Test, Pap test, Pap smear, education, intervention, cervical cancer, theory and model, behavior model. The search time span was restricted to 2005 to 2020. Results: From among all the published academic papers with educational interventions, finally 22 papers were selected based on a particular theory or model. Among these papers, those based on the health belief model outnumbered the rest concerning cervical cancer. The Transtheoretical Model (TTM) model was the second most prevalent model adopted in the theory-based educational interventions. Conclusions: Educational interventions based on the behavioral theory or model showed to be effective on the target group concerning screening (secondary behavior) for cervical cancer. To further increase the effectiveness of the educational interventions, there is a need for a combination of new methods and theory-laden education to enhance the primary preventive behaviors of cervical cancer.&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; </jats:p