Osteotomías distales de los metatarsianos menores realizadas por cirugía abierta vs cirugía percutánea en el tratamiento de las metatarsalgias.

Objetivo. Comparar los resultados clínicos y radiológicos de las osteotomías distales de los metatarsianos menores realizadas por cirugía abierta y por cirugía percutánea en el tratamiento de las metatarsalgias Material y método. Revisión retrospectiva de 44 metatarsalgias: 22 en cada grupo. Recogida de datos epidemiológicos, clínicos y medición de parámetros radiográficos. Resultados. Se consiguieron modificaciones en los parámetros radiográficos con ambas técnicas, con mayor corrección con la cirugía abierta. Las fórmulas metatarsales postoperatorias continuaron siendo no armónicas en ambos grupos. Todos los pacientes mejoraron clínicamente. La cirugía abierta tuvo más complicaciones. Conclusiones. Los resultados clínicos y radiológicos de las osteotomías percutáneas son similares a los obtenidos por cirugía abierta, pero con menos complicaciones. La obtención de una fórmula metatarsal armónica no debería ser el objetivo principal de la cirugía de las metatarsalgias, ya que, según nuestro estudio, no es una condición indispensable para lograr un buen resultado clínicoObjectives. To compare the radiographic and functional outcomes in lesser metatarsal distal osteotomies performed by percutaneous and open surgery for the treatment of metatarsalgia. Methods. A retrospective medical record review of 44 cases of discharge diagnosis of metatarsalgia: 22 patients in each group. Epidemiological data, clinical data and radiological measurements were collected. Results . Improvement of radiological parameters were obtained with both techniques, with better correction with open than with percutaneous surgery. Postoperatively metatarsal parabola continues being nonharmonious in both groups. All patients improved in clinical assessment. Open surgery had more complications than percutaneous surgery. Conclusions . Clinical and radiological outcomes of lesser metatarsal distal osteotomies performed percutaneously are similar to those obtained by open surgery, but with fewer complications. To obtain a harmonic metatarsal parabola should not be the main purpose of surgery of metatarsalgia because it is not an essential condition to achieve a good clinical outcome

Pendekatan Steganografi dengan LSB untuk Menggabungkan Metadata METS ke File Grafik pada Multimedia Database

Pada multimedia database, pencarian sebuah obyek grafik pada database adalah merupakan sebuah kesulitan yang besar. Salah satu pendekatan yang banyak digunakan adalah dengan memperkaya metadata dari sebuah obyek grafik agar dalam pencarian kembali pada databse menjadi lebih mudah. Pada penelitian kami, yang menjadi permasalahan adalah model metadata seperti apa yang bermanfaat untuk multimedia database. Hal selanjutnya adalah menentukan model pendekatan dalam merepresentasi metadata. Langkah berikutnya adalah bagaimana menyisipkan metadata tersebut ke dalam file gambar sehingga tidak merusak file gambar dan mudah di re-ekstrak untuk mendapatkan metadata awalnya. Metadata yang menjadi pilihan adalah akan berbasis kepada model METS (The Metadata Encoding and Transmission Standard). Penulisan metadata tersebut akan menggunakan model XML yang diperkaya dengan RDF. Untuk menyisipkan data, kami memanfaatkan model pendekatan Steganografi berbasiskan LSB. Kontribusi dari penelitian ini dapat dimanfaatkan secara langsung untuk multimedia database, tata kelola gambar bahkan juga untuk keamanan suatu gambar yang sensitif agar terhindar dari kesalahan pemilihan gambar

Neural network edge detection and skin lesions image segmentation methods: analysis and evaluation

Similar to a human observer, an automated image vision system is able to recognise most parts of an object if the system could accurately trace and reflect its true shape. This has prompted the development of the many diverse edge detection techniques. Neural networks have been successfully applied to pattern recognition tasks and edge detection. However, there is a great necessity to analyse neural network models so as to achieve close insight into their internal functionality. To this purpose, a new and general training set, consisting of a limited number of prototype edge patterns, is proposed to analyse the problem of neural network edge detection. This thesis also proposes two approaches to the skin lesion image segmentation problem. The first is a mainly thresholding segmentation method where an optimal threshold is determined iteratively by an isodata algorithm. The second method proposed is based on neural network edge detection and a rational Gaussian curve that fits an approximate closed elastic curve between the recognized neural network edge patterns. A quantitative comparison of the techniques is enabled by the use of synthetic lesions to which Gaussian noise is added. The proposed techniques are also compared with an established automatic skin segmentation method. It is demonstrated that for lesions with a range of different border irregularity properties the thresholding segmentation method provides the best performance over a range of signal to noise ratios; the thresholding segmentation method is also demonstrated to have similar performance when tested on real skin lesions

Neural network edge detection and skin lesions image segmentation methods: analysis and evaluation

Similar to a human observer, an automated image vision system is able to recognise most parts of an object if the system could accurately trace and reflect its true shape. This has prompted the development of the many diverse edge detection techniques. Neural networks have been successfully applied to pattern recognition tasks and edge detection. However, there is a great necessity to analyse neural network models so as to achieve close insight into their internal functionality. To this purpose, a new and general training set, consisting of a limited number of prototype edge patterns, is proposed to analyse the problem of neural network edge detection. This thesis also proposes two approaches to the skin lesion image segmentation problem. The first is a mainly thresholding segmentation method where an optimal threshold is determined iteratively by an isodata algorithm. The second method proposed is based on neural network edge detection and a rational Gaussian curve that fits an approximate closed elastic curve between the recognized neural network edge patterns. A quantitative comparison of the techniques is enabled by the use of synthetic lesions to which Gaussian noise is added. The proposed techniques are also compared with an established automatic skin segmentation method. It is demonstrated that for lesions with a range of different border irregularity properties the thresholding segmentation method provides the best performance over a range of signal to noise ratios; the thresholding segmentation method is also demonstrated to have similar performance when tested on real skin lesions

Fitting censored quantile regression by variable neighborhood search

Quantile regression is an increasingly important topic in statistical analysis. However, fitting censored quantile regression is hard to solve numerically because the objective function to be minimized is not convex nor concave in regressors. Performance of standard methods is not satisfactory, particularly if a high degree of censoring is present. The usual approach is to simplify (linearize) estimator function, and to show theoretically that such approximation converges to optimal values. In this paper, we suggest a new approach, to solve optimization problem (nonlinear, nonconvex, and nondifferentiable) directly. Our method is based on variable neighborhood search approach, a recent successful technique for solving global optimization problems. The presented results indicate that our method can improve quality of censored quantizing regressors estimator considerably

Effect of Irrigation by Waste Water on Accumulation of Heavy Metals in Soil and Plant.

A pot experiment was carried out to determine the effect of using waste water irrigation on the concentrations of (Pb, Cd, Cu and Zn) in soil and their subsequent accumulation in plant. Waste water was diluted to give four treatments: T1 (waste water), T2 (1:1), T3 (2:1) well water: waste water and T4 (well water) as control. Higher concentrations of Pb, Cd, Cu and Zn were observed in soil of T1 compared toT4. Pb and Cd in (tops and roots) of chard were above the maximum permissible level in vegetables (WHO,1984). The results also showed a decrease in microbial density caused by high level of heavy metals concentration and an increase in aggregate stability

Polygonumins A, a newly isolated compound from the stem of Polygonum minus Huds with potential medicinal activities

Polygonumins A, a new compound, was isolated from the stem of Polygonum minus. Based on NMR results, the compound’s structure is identical to that of vanicoside A, comprising four phenylpropanoid ester units and a sucrose unit. The structure diferences were located at C-3″″′. The cytotoxic activity of polygonumins A was evaluated on several cancer cell lines by a cell viability assay using tetrazolium dye 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT). The compound showed the highest antiproliferative (p<0.05) activities against K562 (Human Leukaemia Cell Line), MCF7 (Human breast adenocarcinoma cell line), and HCT116 (Colorectal cancer cells) cells. Cytotoxic studies against V79–4 cells were carried out and showed that polygonumins A was toxic at 50µg/ml, suggesting that this compound may be used as an anticancer drug without afecting normal cells. Polygonumins A also showed promising activity as an HIV-1 protease inhibitor with 56% relative inhibition. Molecular docking results indicated that the compound possesses high binding afnity towards the HIV protease over the low binding free energy range of -10.5 to -11.3kcal/mol. P. minus is used in Malaysian traditional medicine for the treatment of tumour cells. This is the frst report on the use of P. minus as an HIV-1 protease inhibitor

Assessment of Prevalence and Factors Associated with Obesity among Secondary School Students at Makkah in Saudi Arabia

Background: The prevalence of overweight/obesity in children in Saudi Arabia is among the highest in the world. The prevalence of dental caries is also high in Saudi children. Studies on the relationship between caries and obesity in Saudi adolescents are lacking. the World Health Organization (WHO) defines obesity as “abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that may impair health,” while overweight is defined as “a body mass index (BMI) of 25 kg/m2 or more.”1 Overweight and obesity can negatively affect the physiological and psychological well-being of the affected individual, and both have become a global the prevalence of overweight/obesity in high school adolescents. The Overweight and impaired metabolic health might strongly, and independently of other comorbidities, partner with expanded danger diseases. The study aimed: To assessment of prevalence and factors associated with obesity among&nbsp;&nbsp; secondary school students at Makkah in Saudi Arabia 2021. Method: An online cross-sectional survey was utilized Secondary school students at in Makkah Al-Mukarramah in Saudi Arabia 2021 during the April to June, 2021, a total of 200 student aged 12–18 years, available students of secondary school children were included in the study. A structured online self-reported questionnaire sheet was used to assessment of prevalence and factors associated with obesity among&nbsp;&nbsp; secondary school students at Makkah in Saudi Arabia 2021 Result: show the total number of participants was 200 regarding the age most participants were classified into 3 age groups, most of them were (45.0%) in the more than 16 years regarding gender of participated female were (63.0%). Regarding Income level in study the most of participant\u27s Below 5000 SR were (31.0%).&nbsp; Regarding Educational level in study the most of participant\u27s Intermediate school were (22.0%) regarding Sources of information&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; about obesity most of participant\u27s educational films were (32.0%) Conclusion: with a high obesity prevalence in boys and in children attending schools. The prevalence was not associated with BMI or WC we report a negative independent association between BMI and subsequent academic performance among female high-school students in Saudi Arabia. The current findings highlight the need for community and school programmes targeting overweight/obesity among high school students