Seasonality of Influenza and Respiratory Syncytial Viruses and the Effect of Climate Factors in Subtropical–Tropical Asia Using Influenza-Like Illness Surveillance Data, 2010 –2012 - Fig 3

<p><b>Global wavelet power spectra for influenza A (A), influenza B (B), and RSV (C) positives at the three study sites.</b> Colours indicate study sites (Okinawa, green; Baguio, pink; Eastern Visayas, purple).</p

Seasonality of Influenza and Respiratory Syncytial Viruses and the Effect of Climate Factors in Subtropical–Tropical Asia Using Influenza-Like Illness Surveillance Data, 2010 –2012 - Fig 2

<p><b>Weekly climate trends and number of confirmed RSV cases detected in (a) Eastern Visayas, (b) Baguio from January 2010 to December 2012.</b> The black bars (bottom) indicate amount of rainfall and the lines indicate mean temperate (red), specific humidity (SH; blue), relative humidity (RH; green).</p

Summary of the total annual samples tested and positive cases of influenza A, influenza B, and RSV detected at the three study sites, from January 2010 to December 2012.^a

<p>Summary of the total annual samples tested and positive cases of influenza A, influenza B, and RSV detected at the three study sites, from January 2010 to December 2012.<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0167712#t001fn001" target="_blank">^a</a></p

HRV RNA positivity in sera among patients positive for HRV in nasopharyngeal samples.

<p>First serum samples were collected on the day of admission (S-1). Second serum samples were collected 3 days after admission (S-2). OR is the odds ratio calculated with each species and the rest of the groups as the point of reference.</p><p>*p<0.01,</p><p>**p = 0.05.</p

HRV RNA positivity in sera by age group.

<p>OR is odds ratio calculated with each age groups and the rest of the groups within specie as the point of reference.</p

HRV RNA detection in serum by RT-PCR based on number of days after onset.

<p>S-1 and S-2 indicate serum samples that were collected upon admission (S-1) and 3 days after admission (S-2). Date shown is the sampling date measured from onset of symptoms. Only PCR samples positive on S-1 were proceeded for the next analysis on S-2. The positivity rate was calculated with total (S-1+S-2) positive and negative numbers.</p

Geographic locations of the three study sites: Eastern Visayas and Baguio City (Philippines), and Okinawa Prefecture (Japan).

<p>Reprinted from <a href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/48/Geographical_distribution_of_sites_in_the_Philippines_%28Eastern_Visayas_and_Baguio_city%29_and_Japan_%28Okinawa_Prefecture%29.tif" target="_blank">https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/48/Geographical_distribution_of_sites_in_the_Philippines_%28Eastern_Visayas_and_Baguio_city%29_and_Japan_%28Okinawa_Prefecture%29.tif</a>, under a CC BY-SA 4.0 license, with permission from Liling Chaw, original copyright 2016.</p

Phylogenetic tree of VP4-VP2.

<p>Black open circle indicates the HRVs detected only from nasopharyngeal swab samples. Red circle indicates the HRVs detected from both nasopharyngeal swab and serum samples. Phylogeny was inferred using NJ method on MEGA 4.1.</p

SpO2 by age groups with and without HRV RNA in serum.

<p>S+ and S− indicate RNA serum positivity and serum negativity, respectively. Bar indicates the range between maximum and minimum values. Thick bar indicates interquartile range. Median and outliers are shown as a lateral bar and asterisk, respectively. ^†p<0.05, ^{† †}p<0.01.</p

Locations of the 3 sentinel sites in the Eastern Visayas region, the Philippines.

<p>Map source; DIVA-GIS website (<a href="http://www.diva-gis.org/gdata" target="_blank">http://www.diva-gis.org/gdata</a>).</p