Escala de autoconceito no trabalho: construção e validação

Neste trabalho, a proposta é apresentar uma escala para a mensuração do autoconceito no trabalho, construída a partir da transposição do modelo de L'Écuyer (1978). Não há na literatura relatos sobre a existência de uma escala deste tipo, portanto, acentua-se aqui a importância em se fazer tal mensuração e, por conseguinte a construção e validação de uma escala deste tipo, já que a percepção do autoconceito é um fato que pode alterar o desempenho e até a satisfação dos indivíduos no trabalho. Os itens foram construídos e aplicados à uma amostra de 607 sujeitos (294 Mulheres e 305 Homens). Após a Análise Fatorial, o instrumento ficou composto por 43 itens, a serem respondidos numa escala tipo Likert de 5 pontos, (1-nunca; 3-às vezes; 5-sempre) e seis fatores que após a análise de confiabilidade apresentaram valores para o alpha de Cronbach acima de 0,70

URBAN FIELDS IN THE MAKING: NEW EVIDENCE FROM A DANISH CONTEXT

This paper analyses the development of the scale of spatial interaction in Denmark and its consequences for commute patterns around the country's two largest cities. The methods used are GIS-based mapping of commuter flows and analysis of the changing correlation between centrality and commuting from 1982 to 2002. The distances bridged by commuting and the size of functional regions have expanded markedly. The consequences for commute patterns depend on the regional context. In the case of the capital area, the expanding scale of interaction is equivalent to an expanded commuter field around the capital. The significance of the centre of the capital for commuting has increased from 1982 to 2002. In the case of East Jutland, where many mid-sized historical centres are located close to each other, the development is in the direction of a polycentric urban region with decreased significance of any single centre in attracting and focusing the commute pattern. Copyright (c) 2005 by the Royal Dutch Geographical Society KNAG.

Fermi-LAT Observations of High-energy Behind-the-limb Solar Flares

We report on the Fermi-LAT detection of high-energy emission from the behind-the-limb (BTL) solar flares that occurred on 2013 October 11, and 2014 January 6 and September 1. The Fermi-LAT observations are associated with flares from active regions originating behind both the eastern and western limbs, as determined by STEREO. All three flares are associated with very fast coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and strong solar energetic particle events. We present updated localizations of the >100 MeV photon emission, hard X-ray (HXR) and EUV images, and broadband spectra from 10 keV to 10 GeV, as well as microwave spectra. We also provide a comparison of the BTL flares detected by Fermi-LAT with three on-disk flares and present a study of some of the significant quantities of these flares as an attempt to better understand the acceleration mechanisms at work during these occulted flares. We interpret the HXR emission to be due to electron bremsstrahlung from a coronal thin-target loop top with the accelerated electron spectra steepening at semirelativistic energies. The >100 MeV gamma-rays are best described by a pion-decay model resulting from the interaction of protons (and other ions) in a thick-target photospheric source. The protons are believed to have been accelerated (to energies >10 GeV) in the CME environment and precipitate down to the photosphere from the downstream side of the CME shock and landed on the front side of the Sun, away from the original flare site and the HXR emission

Gamma-Ray Blazars within the First 2 Billion Years

The detection of high-redshift (z > 3) blazars enables the study of the evolution of the most luminous relativistic jets over cosmic time. More importantly, high-redshift blazars tend to host massive black holes and can be used to constrain the space density of heavy black holes in the early universe. Here, we report the first detection with the Fermi-Large Area Telescope of five \u3b3-ray-emitting blazars beyond z = 3.1, more distant than any blazars previously detected in \u3b3-rays. Among these five objects, NVSS J151002+570243 is now the most distant known \u3b3-ray-emitting blazar at z = 4.31. These objects have steeply falling \u3b3-ray spectral energy distributions (SEDs), and those that have been observed in X-rays have a very hard X-ray spectrum, both typical of powerful blazars. Their Compton dominance (ratio of the inverse Compton to synchrotron peak luminosities) is also very large (> 20). All of these properties place these objects among the most extreme members of the blazar population. Their optical spectra and the modeling of their optical-UV SEDs confirm that these objects harbor massive black holes ({M}{BH}\u2dc {10}8-10 {M} 99 ). We find that, at z 48 4, the space density of > {10}9 {M} 99 black holes hosted in radio-loud and radio-quiet active galactic nuclei are similar, implying that radio-loudness may play a key role in rapid black hole growth in the early universe