The Fraud in the Health Systems - A Financial of Ethic Problem?

No matter if it is committed by the patients, medical stuff, medicinal companies or a third party, the sanitary fraud seems to be simultaneously a financial problem – because every year hundred of thousands of Euros are lost from the national budgets – and a ethic problem, the sanitary sector being one of the most corrupted. As a main objective, we propose to answer the question above by means of a constructive research whose specific objectives are: the comparison between the legal dispositions concerning the sanitary fraud in the European systems, the analysis of the legal dispositions concerning the detection, the investigation, the sanction and the correction of the sanitary corruption, the making evident of some measures both concerning their investigation and their monitoring.health systems, ethic.

Species diversity, host preference and arbovirus detection of Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in south-eastern Serbia

BackgroundCulicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) is a genus of small biting midges (also known as no-see ums) that currently includes 1368 described species. They are proven or suspected vectors for important pathogens affecting animals such as bluetongue virus (BTV) and Schmallenberg virus (SBV). Currently little information is available on the species of Culicoides present in Serbia. Thus, the aim of this study was to examine species diversity, host preference and the presence of BTV and SBV RNA in Culicoides from the Stara Planina Nature Park in south-eastern Serbia.ResultsIn total 19,887 individual Culicoides were collected during three nights of trapping at two farm sites and pooled into six groups (Obsoletus group, Pulicaris group, Others group and further each group according to the blood-feeding status to freshly engorged and non-engorged). Species identification was done on subsamples of 592 individual Culicoides specimens by morphological and molecular methods (MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and PCR/sequencing). At least 22 Culicoides species were detected. Four animal species (cow, sheep, goat and common blackbird) as well as humans were identified as hosts of Culicoides biting midges. The screening of 8291 Culicoides specimens in 99 pools for the presence of BTV and SBV RNA by reverse-transcription quantitative PCR were negative.ConclusionsThe biodiversity of Culicoides species in the natural reserve Stara Planina was high with at least 22 species present. The presence of C. imicola Kieffer was not recorded in this area. Culicoides showed opportunistic feeding behaviour as determined by host preference. The absence of SBV and BTV viral RNA correlates with the absence of clinical disease in the field during the time of sampling. These data are the direct outcome of a training programme within the Institutional Partnership Project AMSAR: Arbovirus monitoring, research and surveillance-capacity building on mosquitoes and biting midges funded by the programme SCOPES of the Swiss National Science Foundation

The Implications of Cardiovascular Home Monitoring Rehabilitation - Mobile Applications as Optimum Solutions for the Future

This paper examines the home monitoring system used in our Department of Cardiology in the Future Internet Social Technological Alignment in Healthcare (FI-STAR) project - a project focused on secondary prevention in cardiology (www.fi-star.eu). The system used is composed of bluetooth capable medical devices that collect vital parameters though CardioStar application (an application that was developed in collaboration with computer engineers. The collected data are transmitted in real time to a central server in our hospital, where there is a continuous supervision of the parameters. We evaluated this system in order to prove its use in reducing the cardiovascular risk and increasing the adherence to the life-style changes. This paper presents the analysis of the MAST (Model for Assessment of Telemedicine) evaluation - which is the best way of evaluation for the telemedicine solutions - from the professional point of view. The questionnaires of evaluation were performed anonymous on a online platform. The application passed successfully the MAST evaluation, demonstrating that the developed telemedicine system designed for our cardiac patients fulfills its purpose in the secondary prevention

Preliminary results of the research on the West Nile Virus from the Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve

Since 2004, we have started to study the role of birds in transmission of West Nile Virus (WNV) in Danube Delta and Dobrogea Tableland (Fig. 1 and Fig. 6). Same, we want to understand the mechanism of the virus’ transmission, to know which environmental factors induce the emergence of WNV. The work was focusedon three main issues: monitoring of relevant environmental factors (biotic and abiotic) and gathering data on the factors from the past and correlate them with WNV human cases; harvesting ectoparasites of birds (lice and ticks) for testing, and verifying the hypothesis of their vectorial role; sampling a large number of wild and domestic birds and horses and testing to find out their seroprevalence. All our results will be integrated into the laboratory work of thecolleagues from the Cantacuzino Institute (they deal especially with mosquitoes research - positive species, qualitative and quantitative composition). Up to now we detected seroprevalence in birds and horses, the increasing the number of the species involved on WNV transmission and gathered relevant information on environmental factors. Sampling of birds and horses will continue for another two years in order to clarify the mechanism of emergence and dissemination of WNV