Transport Properties in Ferromagnetic Josephson Junction between Triplet Superconductors

Charge and spin Josephson currents in a ballistic superconductor-ferromagnet-superconductor junction with spin-triplet pairing symmetry are studied using the quasiclassical Eilenberger equation. The gap vector of superconductors has an arbitrary relative angle with respect to magnetization of the ferromagnetic layer. We clarify the effects of the thickness of ferromagnetic layer and magnitude of the magnetization on the Josephson charge and spin currents. We find that 0-\pi transition can occur except for the case that the exchange field and d-vector are in nearly perpendicular configuration. We also show how spin current flows due to misorientation between the exchange field and d-vector.Comment: 6 pages, 8 figure

Analogy potential Effects of Planting Methods and Tank Mixed Herbicides on Wheat yield and weed populations

by planting wheat, to investigate the response of planting methods and tank mixed herbicides. The experiment was laid out using a split plot arrangement, in randomized complete block design with three replications. Methods of planting were assigned to the main plots; while tank mixed herbicides were kept in the sub-plots. The sub-plot size measured 4.5 X 4.5 m 2 . Row to row distance was kept at 30 cm. Data were recorded on weed density m -2 , plant height (cm), spike length (cm), Number of spikes m -2 , Number of grains spike -1 , 1000 grain weight (g), biological yield (kg ha The data for individual traits were subjected to ANOVA technique and significant means were separated by the LSD test. The analysis of the data showed that methods of sowing were statistically significant for plant height, No. of grains spike -1 , 1000-grain weight and biological yield. The herbicides were statistically significant for all the parameters investigated except No. of grains spike -1 , while the interaction of methods of planting with herbicides could not reach the level of significance in any of the traits examined. Among the methods of planting, line sowing was the best followed by line + broadcast sowing. The herbicide mixtures controlled mixed stands of broadleaf and grassy weeds to the tune of 65 to 74% with a consequent increase in grain yield from 58-107%. Buctril-M + Topik 15 WP, 2,4-D + Puma Super 75 EW and Topik 15 WP were segregated as the top scoring applications by increasing yield to the extent of 107, 104 and 101 %, respectively over the weedy check

Innovative concrete-filled cold-formed steel (CF-CFS) built-up columns

This paper presents an innovative type of concrete-filled cold-formed steel (CF-CFS) built-up composite column. Twenty- four innovative specimens of four CF-CFS cross-section configurations were used to investigate their behavior at ambient and elevated temperatures. First, the axial load-bearing capacity of the innovative CF-CFS was obtained using a series of experimental tests under pure compression. Then their fire resistance was evaluated using another series of experimental tests subjected to elevated temperatures. Moreover, finite element modeling approaches were developed to further explore the behavior of the CF-CFS composite columns. The applicability of the available design codes, including EN 1994-1-1 and EN 1994-1-2 for the CF-CFS composite column, was discussed. The results showed that the design codes could conservatively predict the CF-CFS composite columns when the effective cross-sectional area was used to determine the Class 4 CFS components. In contrast, unconservative results were obtained using the gross cross-sectional area. Enhanced design methodologies were developed, tackling the specificities associated with the use of built-up tubular steel sections. Therefore, a modification was introduced for the innovative CF-CFS columns to predict buckling and fire resistance with a good agreement. Reliability analysis was also performed to reliability index for each methodology.This work is financed by national funds throughthe Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT), under grant agreement 2021.06528.BD attributed to the 1st author and under the grant agreement 2020.03588. CEECIND attributed to the 2nd author. The authors gratefully acknowledge the Portuguese Foundation for Science and T echnology (FCT) for its support under the framework of the research project PTDC/ECI-EGC/31858/2017 - INNOCFSCONC - Innovative hybrid structural solutions using cold-formed steel and lightweight concrete ", financed by FEDER funds through the Competitivity Factors Operational Programme- COMPETE and by national funds through FCT , and PCIF/AGT/0062/2018 – INTERFACESEGURA – Segurança e Resiliência ao Fogo das Zonas e Interface Urbana-Florestal, financed by FCT through National funds. This work was partly financed by FCT/MCTES through national funds (PIDDAC) under the R&D Unit Institute for Sustainability and Innovation in Structural Engineering (ISISE), under reference UIDB/04029/2020

Design of cold-formed steel battened built-up columns

When individual profiles cannot withstand the acting forces, cold-formed steel (CFS) battened built-up columns may be used to provide a suitable load-bearing capacity. A suitable load-bearing capacity can be achieved when the individual profiles present a high composite action. The ideal configuration for battened CFS columns to enable composite action between two lipped-channels CFS profiles is shown in this research. Various column lengths and different spacing between lipped channels were considered. A calibrated finite element modeling approach evaluated the influence of the number of fasteners per batten panel and the distance between the batten panels. Furthermore, the appropriate number of fasteners per batten panel was discussed. After identifying the optimal details for the battened column, a parametric study was done. The maximum axial loads of a series of finite element models were compared to analytical predictions from different design methodologies according to EN1993-1-1 and AISI S100. The results recommended the use of three rows of fasteners per batten panel. Furthermore, a new analytical procedure was proposed by adopting the modified slenderness ratio in AISI S100-16 in the formulation provided in EN1993-1-1. The reliability of the available methodologies was assessed by comparing the reliability index for the analytical methods.This work is financed by national funds throughthe Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) under grant agreement 2021.06528.BD attributed to the 1st author and under the grant agreement 2020.03588. CEECIND attributed to the 2nd author. The authors gratefully acknowledge the Portuguese Foundation for Science and T echnology (FCT) for its support under the framework of the research project PTDC/ECI-EGC/31858/2017 - INNOCFSCONC - Innovative hybrid structural solutions using cold-formed steel and lightweight concrete ", financed by FEDER funds through the Competitivity Factors Operational Programme-COMPETE and by national funds through FCT

Impact of fecal microbiota transplantation on gut bacterial bile acid metabolism in humans

Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is a promising therapeutic modality for the treatment and prevention of metabolic disease. We previously conducted a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled pilot trial of FMT in obese metabolically healthy patients in which we found that FMT enhanced gut bacterial bile acid metabolism and delayed the development of impaired glucose tolerance relative to the placebo control group. Therefore, we conducted a secondary analysis of fecal samples collected from these patients to assess the potential gut microbial species contributing to the effect of FMT to improve metabolic health and increase gut bacterial bile acid metabolism. Fecal samples collected at baseline and after 4 weeks of FMT or placebo treatment underwent shotgun metagenomic analysis. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to profile fecal bile acids. FMT-enriched bacteria that have been implicated in gut bile acid metabolism included Desulfovibrio fairfieldensis and Clostridium hylemonae. To identify candidate bacteria involved in gut microbial bile acid metabolism, we assessed correlations between bacterial species abundance and bile acid profile, with a focus on bile acid products of gut bacterial metabolism. Bacteroides ovatus and Phocaeicola dorei were positively correlated with unconjugated bile acids. Bifidobacterium adolescentis, Collinsella aerofaciens, and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii were positively correlated with secondary bile acids. Together, these data identify several candidate bacteria that may contribute to the metabolic benefits of FMT and gut bacterial bile acid metabolism that requires further functional validation

Multi-omics of the gut microbial ecosystem in inflammatory bowel diseases.

Inflammatory bowel diseases, which include Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, affect several million individuals worldwide. Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis are complex diseases that are heterogeneous at the clinical, immunological, molecular, genetic, and microbial levels. Individual contributing factors have been the focus of extensive research. As part of the Integrative Human Microbiome Project (HMP2 or iHMP), we followed 132 subjects for one year each to generate integrated longitudinal molecular profiles of host and microbial activity during disease (up to 24 time points each; in total 2,965 stool, biopsy, and blood specimens). Here we present the results, which provide a comprehensive view of functional dysbiosis in the gut microbiome during inflammatory bowel disease activity. We demonstrate a characteristic increase in facultative anaerobes at the expense of obligate anaerobes, as well as molecular disruptions in microbial transcription (for example, among clostridia), metabolite pools (acylcarnitines, bile acids, and short-chain fatty acids), and levels of antibodies in host serum. Periods of disease activity were also marked by increases in temporal variability, with characteristic taxonomic, functional, and biochemical shifts. Finally, integrative analysis identified microbial, biochemical, and host factors central to this dysregulation. The study's infrastructure resources, results, and data, which are available through the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Multi'omics Database ( http://ibdmdb.org ), provide the most comprehensive description to date of host and microbial activities in inflammatory bowel diseases