Characteristics and Stability of Candle Nut Oil (Aleurites Moluccana) Nanoemulsion Hair Tonic Preparation

Candle nut (Aleuritas molucana) is a plant that can produce oil to stimulate hair growth because it contains oleic acid which is an antioxidant. One core of candle nut seeds can contain as much as 50-60% oil, which can be made into hair care cosmetics through the preparation of hair tonic nanoemulsion. This study aimed to determine the effect of different concentrations of candle nut oil (5%, 6%, and 7%) on the characteristics and stability of a candle nut oil nanoemulsion hair tonic preparation. Candle nut oil was formulated into hair tonic nanoemulsion preparations and then tested for characteristics and stability for cycling test preparations. It was found that there were differences in the characteristics and stability values of formulas I, II, and III. The variations in the concentration of the active ingredient of candle nut oil (5%, 6%, 7%) affected the characteristics of the hair tonic by affecting the droplet size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, pH and viscosity of the preparation. The stability test using the cycling showed that the stability of the hair tonic was affected through changes in the pH value and viscosity of the preparation. Keywords: candle nut oil, characteristics and stability, hair tonic, nanoemulsio

UJI STABILITAS SEDIAAN SERUM ANTIOKSIDAN DARI EKSTRAK KULIT BUAH DELIMA PUTIH (PUNICA GRANATUM L) DENGAN SISTEM PENGHANTARAN NIOSOM

Kulit buah delima putih (Punica Granatum L) senyawa polifenol ellagic acid yang berfungsi sebagai antioksidan. Ekstrak kulit buah delima digunakan sebagai bahan aktif untuk membuat sediaan serum antioksidan dengan menggunakan sistem penghantaran niosom dengan tujuan pemakaian secara topikal, sediaan ini diharapkan dapat memberikan efek antioksidan yang baik serta nyaman dan aman digunakan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui karakteristik fisika kimia dan stabilitas dari sediaan dengan konsentrasi bahan aktif 0,5% , 0,75% , dan 1%. Metodologi penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimental dengan membandingkan pengaruh kadar ekstrak kulit buah delima putih (Punica Granatum L) 0,5% , 0,75%, dan 1% terhadap karakteristik fisika kimia dan stabilitas sediaan. Hasil penelitian evaluasi kimia fisika sediaan didapati bahwa ketiga formula memiliki organoleptis yang sama yaitu warna kuning pekat tidak berbau, tekstur cair dan sedikit kental serta ketiga formula menunjukkan homogenitas yang baik. pH ketiga sediaan memasuki rentang persyaratan pH serta viskositas yang dihasilkan menunjukkan formula 3 memiliki viskositas yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan formula 1 dan formula 2. Pada uji stabilitas  freeze thaw cycling dan real time didapati bahwa terjadi penurunan pH, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa sediaan tidak stabil selama penyimpanan

UJI KARAKTERISTIK SERUM DARI EKSTRAK KULIT BUAH DELIMA PUTIH (PUNICA GRANATUM L) PADA KONSENTRASI 0,5%, 0,75%, DAN 1% DENGAN SISTEM NIOSOM

Ekstrak kulit buah delima putih (Punica granatum L) mengandung Ellagic acid sebagai antioksidan. Bahan ini dibuat formulasi sediaan serum antioksidan dengan sistem niosom yang digunakan secara topikal pada kulit. Sediaan ini diharapkan dapat memberikan efek sebagai antioksidan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi kenaikan konsentrasi bahan aktif kulit Delima putih (Punica granatum L) terhadap karakteristik niosom pada serum antioksidan. Uji karakteristik niosom berbahan aktif ekstrak kulit buah delima putih (Punica granatum L) meliputi uji morfologi partikel menggunakan Scanning Electron Microscopy, distribusi ukuran partikel menggunakan Particle Size Analyzer dan uji zetapotensial menggunakan Zetasizer. Dari hasil penelitian ini didapatkan vesikel niosom berbentuk bulat (spheris), ukuran partikel (formula 1 (0,2389 µm ± 0,0177) ,formula 2 (0,3434µm ± 0,0032) dan formula 3 (0,3µm ± 0,0030)), indeks polidispersitas (formula 1 (0,537 ±0,041) ,formula 2 (0,384 ±0,00628) dan formula 3 (0,356 ± 0,008 )) dan zeta potensial (formula 1 (-36,83mV ± 0,5508) ,formula 2 (-34,00mV ±2,5) dan formula 3 (-39,8mV ±1,44). Hasil penelitian pada sediaan serum antioksidan dengan variasi konsentrasi bahan aktif,  memiliki pengaruh terhadap uji karateristik niosom pada tiap formula yang meliputi morfologi partikel, ukuran partikel, indeks polidispersi, dan zeta potensial

Pharmacist Knowledge Level About the Selection of Facial Wash

Cosmetics are materials or preparations made to be used on the outside of the human body (such as on the hair, nails, lips, epidermis, and external genital organs), on mucous membranes, with the aim of cleaning, perfuming, changing the appearance, and/or maintaining and protecting the body’s condition. Facial soap is a type of cosmetics that tends to be widely used by the public to clean the face from various impurities that come from the environment. In choosing cosmetics such as a facial wash, people must have basic knowledge about the products. This study aimed to determine the level of knowledge of pharmacists about the selection of facial wash and the relationship between the level of knowledge and the selection of facial wash. This was a descriptive analytical study. Purposive sampling was used to recruit 75 people. Data retrieval was with a questionnaire that has been validated, and data were analyzed using the Chi-square test. It was found that 84% of the respondents had good knowledge in the pretest and 97.4% on the posttest. A significantly influential factor affecting the reason for using a particular facial wash was seeing information on how to use it on the packaging (p = 0.001). Keywords: pharmacist, facial wash, knowledg

Activity of Hair Tonic Nanoemulsion with Candlenut Oil (Aleurites Moluccana) on Mice (Mus Musculus)

Hair loss is one of the most common hair problems, which usually happens at about 100 strands every day. It has been shown that candlenut oil can help to overcome the problem of hair loss. This study aimed to determine the effect of a hair tonic nanoemulsion in varying concentrations of candlenut oil on accelerating hair growth in Mus musculus. A nanoemulsion hair tonic was created because doing so can increase the solubilization of the oil. In the nanoemulsion form, the penetration of the medicinal ingredients into the skin is accelerated. In this study, nanoemulsions were produced with 5%, 6%, and 7% candlenut oil as formula 1, formula 2, and formula 3. A base without candlenut oil was used as a negative control, and a ginseng hair tonic obtained from the market was used as a positive control. The researchers conducted the hair tonic test by measuring the hair growth and hair density of the Mus musculus at 21 days. The hair growth was -0.442 mm for the negative control; 2.255 mm for the positive control; 1.352 mm for formula 1; 1.773 mm for formula 2; and 3.649 mm for formula 3. The hair weight was 3.20 mg for the negative control; 2.22 mg for the positive control; 2.26 mg for formula 1; 4.54 mg for formula 2; and 6.70 mg for formula 3. This study therefore demonstrated that hair tonic nanoemulsion of candlenut oil can accelerate hair growth. Keywords: candlenut oil, hair growth, hair tonic nanoemulsio

Knowledge of Doctors and Nurses on the Selection of Cosmetic Facial Wash

Cosmetics are used by women and men to maintain good skin condition and protect the skin from factors that can damage it. Facial wash has a smooth texture, removes dirt and dust, and reduces oil. This study aimed to determine the level of knowledge of non-pharmaceutical health workers (general practitioners and nurses) on the selection of facial wash cosmetics and to determine the relationship between the level of knowledge and their selection of products. This was a descriptive analytical study with a cross-sectional design. A pretest posttest questionnaire that has been validated was employed. 50 respondents were recruited through purposive sampling. In terms of brand selection, 24% used a beauty doctor’s prescription. 72% based their decision according to the needs of the facial skin. 52% bought the product in supermarkets. A total of 82% saw the information on the packaging. In 42% of cases, the function of the facial wash was to brighten the facial skin. The dosage of liquid soap was 90%. The use of domestic facial wash products was 100%. The pretest knowledge level in the ‘poor’ category was 52% and the posttest knowledge level in the ‘good’ category was 88%. There was a significant difference found between before and after being given treatment (p < 0.01). Keywords: knowledge, facial wash, selection, doctors, nurs

Faktor-faktor yang Memengaruhi Persepsi Petani Beras Hitam Lokal di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui persepsi petani DIY terhadap beras hitam lokal, faktor-faktor yang memengaruhinya, serta mengetahui willingness to accept (WTA) petani. Persepsi petani terhadap beras hitam lokal beserta faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi serta WTA dapat menjadi rujukan untuk penyusunan strategi pemasaran. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik purposive dan snowball sampling melalui pemberian kuesioner dan wawancara kepada petani beras hitam di Kabupaten Sleman, Bantul, dan Gunungkidul. Dari hasil analisis data, diketahui bahwa dari aspek biaya produksi, risiko kegagalan, kebutuhan air dan nutrisi, keberlanjutan produksi, kemudahan pemeliharaan, dan umur tanaman beras hitam sama saja dengan varietas beras lain. Sedangkan dari aspek produktivitas beras hitam lebih rendah dibanding dengan varietas beras lainnya. Faktor yang paling memengaruhi persepsi petani adalah faktor harga dengan nilai eigenvalue 3,616, kemudian faktor distribusi (1,669), faktor sosialisasi (1,422), faktor biaya produksi (1,212) serta faktor keunggulan produk (1,060). Dari perhitungan WTA, harga minimum yang petani bersedia terima adalah Rp19.800,00

PENGEMBANGAN VARIAN PRODUK DENGAN PELATIHAN FORMULASI KRIM KEFIR SUSU KAMBING SEBAGAI PENCERAH KULIT

The kefir of goat's milk has good benefits for skin health. There are goat milk kefir creams on the market, but tutorials to make cream of goat's milk kefir are not available on social media, even though it useful by the goat milk producer who wants to develop product variations. Training for goat's milk kefir cream formulation had done, partner of this activity is a goat milk producing community. This activity begins with a theoretical and technical explanation of the making of goat's milk kefir cream then continues with training activities, and video tutorials were uploaded to social media, too. It has been an increase in the knowledge and skills of the Partners. This activity is an inspiration for Partners to add product variants, especially making kefir cream

Effervescent Tablets Formulation of Jicama (Pachyrhizus erosus) Extract with Various Concentrations of Binders and Sweeteners

Osteoporosis is a major public health problem. Exogenous estrogen or Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) is the potential therapy for osteoporosis. Still, the patient rarely chooses this treatment because of the risk of breast and endometrial cancer. Phytoestrogens or estrogen-like compounds, particularly isoflavones, are a potentially safe alternative to HRT. Jicama (Pachyrhizus erosus) is a plant that contains many phytoestrogens. This research aimed to determine the physicochemical characteristics of jicama extract in effervescent tablets with various concentrations of binder and sweetener. The manufacturing of jicama effervescent tablets used raw materials extracted from 96% p.a. ethanol by maceration. The extract is then formulated with various binder concentrations (PVP 40 and gelatin) and sweeteners (lactose and Mannitol) using the wet granulation method. Based on the test results on the physicochemical properties of tablets, all the formula meets the requirement of a good tablet, and the preferred formula is Formula 4 with 0.75% of PVP40 and 47,75% Mannitol. Ethanol extract of jicama can be formulated into effervescent tablets and has the potential to be developed as a treatment for osteoporosis. Keywords: Xicama Extract, Fitoestrogen, Estrogen-like therapy, Osteoporosis, Effervescent table

Pengembangan Produk Kosmetika Berbahan Susu Kambing menjadi Sabun Cair

Goat's milk is rich in nutrients, especially vitamin A and lactic acid which are very beneficial for skin health, so it is suitable for liquid bath soap ingredients. However, well-known manufacturing takes a long time to make. Implemented training to producers of fresh goat's milk is formulating liquid soap made from fresh goat's milk that a simple method and quickly. The result of this activity is an increase in the knowledge and skills of participants so that they can enrich the variety of products based on fresh goat milk. It is hoped that with the increasing variety of goat milk products that they offer, there will be an increase in the economy of participants