Employees' retention strategy on quality of work life (QWL) dimensions of private commercial banks in Bangladesh

Quality of Work Life (QWL) is a philosophy on employees' organizational life satisfaction. Retention of experienced and trained employees is a challenging task for all organizations, especially for banking organizations. This research paper aims at identifying underlying dimensions of QWL program that shape employees' retention strategy in Private Commercial Banks (PCBs) in Bangladesh. The study is mainly based on primary data obtained through a structured questionnaire on 200 employees working at PCBs. Independent and dependent variables on a five - point "Likert -Type Scale" specifies how strongly the respondents agree or disagree with statements. Several statistical tools and techniques such as descriptive analysis, Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), Zero Order Karl Pearson's correlation analysis and Ordinary Least Square (OLS) multiple regression analysis have been used to determine empirical findings and draw a conclusion. The findings of the study shows the effects which can impinge on employees' retention strategy with the dimensions (maintenance and supervisory) being particularly significant. The authority of PCBs in Bangladesh should address these dimensions to retain their experienced and trained employees

Temporal Property Preservation Under Z Refinement in CSP-OZ Specifications

One way to verify the correctness of an implementation under refinement in formal specifications is by verifying the system against a set of properties we wish to have in the final implementation. This is in such a way that the relevant properties are preserved in each development step. The difference here is that we have a separate specification of system properties. These properties are those that are satisfied by the initial specification. As the development of the system progresses from one step to another, the correctness of the concrete specification is verified by checking the satisfaction of the properties. The correctness of the abstract specification is preserved in the concrete specification (or an implementation) if the concrete specification satisfies all properties the abstract specification satisfies [1]. In other words, the properties are preserved and hold in the concrete specification. This paper extends the result on LTL property preservation for Z specifications in [2] to the OZ part of CSP-OZ specifications. This is where Z refinement exists side-by-side with CSP refinement in the CSP part of a CSP-OZ specification

The Spetzler-Martin grading system and management of patients with intracranial Arteriovenous malformation in a tertiary referral hospital

Introduction: An arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is an abnormal collection of blood vessels in which arterial blood flows directly into the draining vein without the normal interposed capillaries. The Spetzler-Martin grading system has been widely accepted worldwide to estimate the pretreatment risks and predict the outcome of patients with intracranial AVM. In Malaysia, we still do not have the baseline data of this grading system. Methods: A total of 33 patients from a tertiary referral hospital diagnosed with intracranial AVM based on neuroimaging findings over a 4-year period were studied. Medical records were traced and neuroimaging findings were analysed. The AVMs were graded according to the Spetzler-Martin grading system and Fisher’s exact test was used to assess statistical difference between the grades of the AVM and management plan for the patients. Results: Four patients were graded as Grade 1, 9 patients as Grade II, 10 patients as Grade III, 6 patients as Grade IV and 4 patients as Grade V. Ten patients were treated conservatively; six patients underwent surgery and embolisation respectively. Four patients underwent radiosurgery and a combination of embolisation while surgery and radiosurgery were given to 5 patients and 2 patients respectively. Statistically significant difference (p=0.016) was found between the Spetzler-Martin grading system and the management of intracranial AVMs. Conclusion: The management decision was not made based on the grading of the AVMs. It is recommended that all AVM patients be routinely graded according to this system prior to treatment. Keywords: Intracranial arteriovenous malformation

The impact of macroeconomic variables on commodity futures prices: an evidence from Malaysian crude palm oil futures

The current study aims to fulfil the gap of knowledge in commodity futures by empirically examining the influence of selected macroeconomic variables on the prices of commodity futures particularly Crude Palm Oil Futures (FCPO). Cointegration, Vector Error Correction and Granger causality analyses are used to examine the nexus between macroeconomic variables (interest rate, exchange rate and Industrial Production Index (IPI)) and FCPO from January 1999 to December 2019. Results show that interest rate, exchange rate and IPI have a significant influence on FCPO prices in the long-run. While interest rate and exchange have a negative impact, IPI has a positive impact. VECM results suggest that the macroeconomic variables appear to have no significant shortrun causal effect associate with the FCPO prices. Granger causality test indicate that FCPO and exchange Granger cause IPI and act as leading indicators for IPI. The study implicates that policy makers should carefully design policy (monetary and fiscal intervention) to reduce swings in the commodity futures prices to protect hedgers and investor

The nexus between job satisfactions and human resource management (HRM) practices: a perceptual analysis of commercial banks in Bangladesh

Employee motivation and continual productivity largely come from employee job satisfaction. The concept of job satisfaction in the workplace is still a burning and researching issue in the field of Human Resource Management (HRM) and Organizational Behavior. This research aims at describing employee perceived experience on HRM practices of three sectors within commercial banks in Bangladesh and their linkage with employee job satisfaction. A cross-sectional survey has been conducted on 150 employees at 30 bank branches by a structured self-administered questionnaire. Independent and dependent variables were measured by the Five-Point Likert-Type scale. Various statistical measures and tests like descriptive statistics, Duncan’s Multiple Range Mean test, correlation and multiple regression analysis were conducted too for the expected findings. Results proved that seven HRM practices out of nineteen e.g., training and development, creativity and innovation, benefits and services, manpower planning, promotional opportunity, the attitude of management, and work environment were found to be significant as predictors to banks’ employee job satisfaction and no distinct HRM practice was found as a significant predictor of job satisfaction for all three categories of the bank. So, the policymakers of commercial banks should consider these HRM policies and practices for employee better job satisfaction

Effects of Work-Family Conflict on job satisfaction of academicians in private universities in Bangladesh: a Structural Equation Modelling approach

The current study attempts to examine the effects of Work-Family Conflict (W-FC) on job satisfaction of academicians. The researchers gathered the data using convenience sampling technique administered on 211 respondents who were academicians of private universities in Bangladesh. Various statistical measures such as descriptive statistics and zero-order correlation were used to explore the relationships between WFC, FWC and job satisfaction. In addition, the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) technique was adopted to test the effects of WFC and FWC on job satisfaction. Consequently, in terms of the effects, WFC has significant negative effect on job satisfaction while FWC does not show any significant effect on job satisfaction. This study recommends that higher authorities of universities in Bangladesh should take necessary initiatives to minimize the W-FC of academicians in order to ensure their job satisfaction

The prevalence of obesity and the knowledge, attitude and practice of healthy lifestyle among the adult population in Kampung Banyuk, Kampung Kerto and Kampung Langup

Background Obesity has become a great public health concern and prevent!ive measures need to be done. Objective The objective of this research is to determine the prevalence ofobesity and their knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) towards a healthy lifestyle among the residents in Kampung Banyok, Kampung Kerto and Kampung Langup. Methods A cross-sectional study was done among 126 randomly selected villagers aged 18 years and above from the three selected villages. They were interviewed based on a questionnaire and their body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Results It was found that more than half of the respondents are obese. Among the respondents, for the healthy lifestyle component, the level of good KAP is 69.2%, 46.8% and 60.3% respectively. As for obesity component, the level of good KAP is 60.3%, 54% and 54.8% respectively. Among the obese respondents, the level of knowledge and attitude on healthy lifestyle and obesity is better. Obese respondents have better obesity preventive practice while the non-obese respondents have better practice on healthy lifestyle. The only significant correlation noted was between knowledge and practice on obesity albeit a negative one. Conclusion The level of knowledge and attitude and practice on healthy lifestyle among the obese respondents are encouraged but more effort in the preventive practice ofobesity shou1d be done to reduce the prevalence.

Monitoring Pediatric Head CT Scan Dose Levels: A Retrospective Study of Diagnostic Reference Levels in a Single Hospital in Abu Dhabi, UAE

Diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) are critical operational standards for monitoring radiological imaging parameters and ensuring patient safety in hospitals. A regular review of DRLs is necessary to optimize scanners and protocol parameters. This retrospective study collected data on the CT dose index volume and dose–length product for 250 children who underwent head CT scans in the region of Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. Descriptive statistics were used to present median, range, and interquartile range values for each pediatric age group, based on region and protocol. The 75th percentile was used as the reference point for local DRLs. Proposed values of DRLs were suggested per age groups; 304 mGy∙cm (children < 1 year), 385 mGy∙cm (children ≥ 1 year to <5 years), 441 mGy∙cm (children ≥ 5 years to <10 years), and 568 mGy∙cm (patients ≥ 10 years to <16 years. A comparison of the local DRLs with previously established ones was carried out, and differences were discussed. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study on pediatric head CT scans in this region. We believe the results can be used as a baseline for establishing local DRLs in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi and national DRLs in the United Arab Emirates

Perspektif penterjemahan karya sastera prosa Arab ke bahasa Melayu dalam kajian-kajian lepas: Perspective on the translation of Arabic prose literature into Malay in past research

Translating Arabic prose literature into Malay is not an easy task, especially when dealing with rhetoric. Translators frequently face difficulties in understanding figurative meaning when translating rhetoric in a literary text. Therefore, this research examines discourse on the translation of Arabic prose literature into Malay in past research. The research focuses on two aspects: i) Arabic-Malay translations of literature which are often used as research material to observe the tendency of aspects of research by scholars, and ii) translation method and strategy for figurative language in Arabic-Malay translations of literary works. This research is designed in a qualitative form through the method of content analysis of books, journal articles, proceedings, and theses. Data is analysed in a descriptive manner in order to observe the perspective of translation of Arabic prose literature into Malay in past researches. Kalīlah wa Dimnah, Riḥlah Ibn Baṭṭūṭah, Ḥikāyat Alf Laylah wa Laylah and Masrūr wa Maqrūr are Arabic-Malay literature translation that are often used as research material. Results of the research show that past research tend to analyse the translation of Arabic-Malay prose from the aspects of theory, method, and strategy used by translators in translation works. Choosing a theory, method, and strategy has a potential impact on producing good translations in the targeted language and even preserving literary values as intended precisely by the source text